NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 19 Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Drugs

1. Nurse Rita is giving instructions to her client who is taking antihistamine. Which of the following nurse teachings is appropriate for the client?

Avoid ingesting alcohol.

Be aware that you may need to take a decongestant.

Be aware that you may have increased saliva.

Expect a relief in 24 hours.

Because alcohol and antihistamines have sedating properties. concurrent administration of these drugs should be avoided. Antihistamines and decongestants are often given together. Dry mouth is a common side effect. not increased salivation. Not all antihistamines last 24 hours.

Explanation

Because alcohol and antihistamines have sedating properties. concurrent administration of these drugs should be avoided. Antihistamines and decongestants are often given together. Dry mouth is a common side effect. not increased salivation. Not all antihistamines last 24 hours.

2. The nurse should instruct a client who is taking an expectorant to:

Restrict fluids.

Increase fluids.

Avoid vaporizers.

Take antihistamines.

Increasing fluids will help liquefy secretions and facilitate removal.

Explanation

Increasing fluids will help liquefy secretions and facilitate removal.

3. When administering the methylxanthine theophylline. the nurse can expect:

Decreased pulmonary function

Increased pulmonary function

Increased residual volume

Decreased tidal volume

Theophylline will improve ventilation so there will be an overall improvement of pulmonary measurements. Other choices are the opposite of what will actually occur with theophylline administration.

Explanation

Theophylline will improve ventilation so there will be an overall improvement of pulmonary measurements. Other choices are the opposite of what will actually occur with theophylline administration.

4. To evaluate the effectiveness of theophylline therapy. which of the following laboratory values must be drawn?

Glucose

Hematocrit

Potassium

Theophylline levels

Theophylline levels must be drawn to determine if the drug is present in therapeutic amounts in the client’s serum.

Explanation

Theophylline levels must be drawn to determine if the drug is present in therapeutic amounts in the client’s serum.

5. Which of the following statements describes the action of antacids?

Antacids neutralize gastric acid.

Antacids block the production of gastric acid.

Antacids block dopamine.

Antacids enhance action of acetylcholine.

Antacids act to bring the pH above 3. Other choices are incorrect because they describe actions of antiacid drugs.

Explanation

Antacids act to bring the pH above 3. Other choices are incorrect because they describe actions of antiacid drugs.

6. A client with which of the following conditions may experience a dangerous or fatal side effect of theophylline?

Cardiac disorder

Diabetes

Renal disease

Hepatic disease

A client with a heart condition may experience dangerous stimulation from this drug. Theophylline should be administered cautiously with all the other choices. but consequences are most dangerous or possibly fatal for clients with a heart condition.

Explanation

A client with a heart condition may experience dangerous stimulation from this drug. Theophylline should be administered cautiously with all the other choices. but consequences are most dangerous or possibly fatal for clients with a heart condition.

7. Daniel has vertigo. which antihistamine is best for his condition?

Terfenadine

Meclizine

Hydrocodone

Guaifenesin

Meclizine (Antivert) is given for vertigo and motion sickness. Choices C and D are not antihistamines. Choice A is an antihistamine. but meclizine is the standard drug in the treatment of vertigo.

Explanation

Meclizine (Antivert) is given for vertigo and motion sickness. Choices C and D are not antihistamines. Choice A is an antihistamine. but meclizine is the standard drug in the treatment of vertigo.

8. Shenaya will be having her exam in pharmacology tomorrow. She should be aware that antitussive is indicated to:

Encourage removal of secretions through coughing.

Relieve rhinitis.

Control a productive cough.

Relieve a dry cough.

An antitussive is a cough suppressant. Choices A and C describe the action of an expectorant. Choice D describes the action of a decongestant.

Explanation

An antitussive is a cough suppressant. Choices A and C describe the action of an expectorant. Choice D describes the action of a decongestant.

9. Raul. a 20-year-old student. used to buy OTC drugs whenever he feels sick. Which of the following statements best describes the danger of self-medication with over-the-counter drugs?

Clients are not aware of the action of over-the-counter drugs.

Clients are not aware of the side effects of over-the-counter drugs.

Clients minimize the effects of over-the-counter drugs because they are available without prescription.

Clients do not realize the effects of over-the-counter drugs.

This choice is correct because it includes the other three risks noted in choices A. B. and D.

Explanation

This choice is correct because it includes the other three risks noted in choices A. B. and D.