Z3D153 Vol 3 Unit 1

Active and passive are the two types of communication satellites. Active satellites are equipped with their own power source and are capable of amplifying and retransmitting signals from Earth to other locations. They actively participate in the communication process. On the other hand, passive satellites do not have their own power source and simply reflect or redirect signals from one location to another without amplification. They rely on the strength of the incoming signal for communication.

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is based on a 24-hour clock system. This means that the day is divided into 24 equal parts, with each part representing one hour. This system is used to standardize timekeeping across different time zones and ensure that everyone is using the same reference point for time. UTC is widely used in various fields such as aviation, telecommunications, and computer systems to ensure accurate and synchronized timekeeping worldwide.

Astronomical time is based on the apparent motion of the sun in the sky. This is because the sun's position in the sky changes throughout the day due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. Astronomers use this motion to measure time, with the sun reaching its highest point in the sky at noon, marking the midpoint of the day. This method of timekeeping is different from atomic clock oscillations, which are used for precise and standardized time measurements.

Telecommunications service orders are issued by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). DISA is responsible for providing and managing telecommunications and information technology support to the Department of Defense (DOD). They oversee the planning, procurement, and implementation of telecommunications services for the DOD, including issuing service orders to ensure the smooth operation of communication systems. The other options, such as the DOD, user's technical control facility, and National Communications System, are not directly responsible for issuing telecommunications service orders.

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a time scale that provides a universally agreed standard time with the accuracy of atomic time. It is based on International Atomic Time (TAI) but also takes into account the earth's motion about the sun, ensuring synchronous operation. UTC is widely used in various fields such as aviation, telecommunications, and computing, as it provides a reliable and stable time reference that can be depended on globally. Mean solar time and astronomical time do not have the same level of accuracy and synchronization with atomic time as UTC.

The correct answer is that atoms release energy at a particular resonant frequency. Atomic clocks work by measuring the vibrations of atoms. When atoms are excited, they release energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. This energy is emitted at a specific frequency, which is unique to each type of atom. By measuring these resonant frequencies, atomic clocks can accurately keep time.

Organizations can maintain accurate time-of-day clocks by referencing a standard time interval of one second. This is because a second is a universally recognized unit of time measurement and is the smallest interval of time commonly used. By synchronizing their clocks to this standard, organizations can ensure that their timekeeping is precise and consistent.

The major axis is the correct answer because it represents the longest distance across an elliptical orbit. In an ellipse, the major axis is the line that passes through the center of the ellipse and is the longest distance from one end of the ellipse to the other. The minor axis, on the other hand, represents the shortest distance across the ellipse. Apogee and perigee, on the other hand, refer to the points in an orbit where an object is farthest and closest to the celestial body it is orbiting, respectively.

Satellite access authorization is a method provided by satellite communication SATCOM planners. This method involves obtaining authorization to access and use satellite communication services. It ensures that only authorized users can utilize the satellite resources, preventing unauthorized access and ensuring efficient and secure communication.

In demand assigned multiple access (DAMA), all channels are pooled and can be used by any station based on its instantaneous traffic load. This means that the channels are dynamically assigned to stations as needed, allowing for efficient utilization of the available resources. CDMA, TDMA, and FDMA do not involve dynamic assignment of channels and do not allow for flexible sharing of resources based on traffic load.

When conflicts arise regarding DSCS GMF satellite resources that cannot be resolved by DISA and RSSC, they are ultimately resolved by the Joint Staff. The Joint Staff is responsible for assisting the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in carrying out their responsibilities, which include providing military advice to the President and Secretary of Defense. As such, they have the authority and expertise to address and resolve conflicts related to defense satellite communications systems.

The payload segment is not one of the three distinct elements that work together to make satellite communication possible. The three elements are the space segment, control segment, and terminal segment. The space segment includes the satellite itself and the transponders that receive and transmit signals. The control segment consists of the ground-based control stations that monitor and control the satellite's operations. The terminal segment includes the equipment used by users to communicate with the satellite. The payload segment refers to the part of the satellite that carries the actual payload, such as data, video, or voice signals.

A quartz oscillator's resonant frequency can drift due to two factors: temperature and aging. Temperature changes can cause the crystal inside the oscillator to expand or contract, affecting its resonant frequency. Aging refers to the gradual degradation of the crystal's properties over time, which can also lead to a drift in the resonant frequency. Humidity and operating frequency are not directly responsible for causing the drift in the quartz oscillator's resonant frequency.

To determine the number of hours coordinated universal time (UTC) differs from your local time, you must determine the number of time zones between your location and the location of the meridian. The meridian is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through the Greenwich Observatory in London, England. Time zones are based on the distance from this meridian, with each time zone representing a 15-degree difference in longitude. Therefore, by knowing the longitude of your location and the longitude of the meridian, you can calculate the time difference between UTC and your local time.

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is responsible for coordinating universal time (UTC). BIPM is an international organization that ensures the accuracy and consistency of measurements and standards worldwide. They work closely with various national metrology institutes, including the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), to maintain and disseminate UTC. However, BIPM holds the primary responsibility for coordinating and maintaining the international standard for timekeeping.

The SATCOM control segment consists of various functions that are responsible for managing and controlling satellite communication. Spacecraft Control involves monitoring and controlling the spacecraft's operations and health. Network Control is responsible for managing the network infrastructure and ensuring connectivity. Payload Control manages the payload operations and configurations. Ground Control, on the other hand, is not a function of the SATCOM control segment. It refers to the control station on the ground that communicates with the satellite and manages overall operations, including monitoring and controlling the spacecraft's orbit, telemetry, tracking, and commanding.

The inclination angle of a polar orbit is 90 degrees. A polar orbit is a type of orbit that passes over or near the Earth's North and South poles, allowing the satellite to cover the entire globe. In a polar orbit, the satellite's path is perpendicular to the Earth's equator, resulting in an inclination angle of 90 degrees. This allows the satellite to provide global coverage and is commonly used for Earth observation and mapping satellites.

The function of the telecommunication certification office is to ensure that the user agency is prepared to pay for the service. This means that before providing the telecommunications service, the office verifies that the user agency has the necessary funds or resources to cover the cost. This helps to ensure that the service can be provided without any financial issues or delays.

Passive satellites reflect signals transmitted toward them. Unlike active satellites, which generate their own signals, passive satellites rely on receiving and reflecting signals from other sources. They do not actively transmit or amplify signals. Instead, they serve as a mirror, bouncing back the signals they receive. This makes passive satellites useful for tasks such as communication, weather monitoring, and navigation, where they can receive signals from ground-based stations and reflect them to specific locations on Earth.