Z3D153 - 2016 Edit Code 3, Volume 3 Part 2

The low noise amplifier (LNA) is the first step in the receive signal path. It is responsible for amplifying the weak incoming signal from the antenna while introducing as little noise as possible. The LNA is crucial in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and ensure that the subsequent stages of signal processing can accurately detect and demodulate the received signal. The down converter, up converter, and demodulator are all important components in the receive signal path, but they come after the LNA in the sequence of signal processing.

The highest priority mission of the Defense Support Program (DSP) is the North American warning. This means that the primary focus of the DSP is to provide early warning and detection of any potential threats to North America, such as missile attacks or other hostile activities. This mission is crucial for the defense and security of the continent, making it the top priority for the DSP.

The satellite readout station equipment group consists of the equipment required to receive and process signals from a satellite. This includes the radio frequency set, which is responsible for receiving the signals, the transmit/receiver set, which allows for two-way communication with the satellite, and the digital equipment set, which processes and analyzes the received signals. Together, these three sets of equipment form the complete satellite readout station equipment group.

XTAR is the correct answer because it is a satellite company that is specifically designed to interface with all current X-band terminals. This means that XTAR satellites are compatible with and can communicate with X-band terminals, which are commonly used for military, government, and commercial applications. In contrast, Inmarsat, INTELSAT, and EUTELSAT are satellite companies that may offer different types of services and may not be specifically designed for X-band terminals.

The demodulator is responsible for stripping away the intelligence from the intermediate frequency. This module is used to extract the original information or signal from the carrier wave, which is modulated during transmission. By demodulating the signal, the demodulator removes the intelligence that was added to the intermediate frequency during modulation, allowing the original information to be retrieved and processed.

The signal used to acquire and track the satellite is called a beacon. A beacon is a specific type of signal transmitted by the satellite that is used for various purposes, including determining the satellite's position and tracking its movements. It serves as a reference point for ground stations to establish and maintain communication with the satellite. Telemetry refers to the data transmitted by the satellite regarding its status and performance. Ephemeris refers to the data that provides information about the satellite's orbit and position. Communication refers to the exchange of information between the satellite and ground stations.

When the same frequency radiates simultaneously in two different planes, it is referred to as polarization diversity. This means that the electromagnetic waves are vibrating in different directions, resulting in a diversity of polarizations. Polarization diversity is commonly used in wireless communication systems to improve signal quality and reduce interference.

The tropo/satellite support radio frequency range is from 14.4 to 15.25 GHz. This range is specifically allocated for tropospheric scatter and satellite communication systems. Tropospheric scatter communication involves the use of microwave signals that are scattered off the Earth's troposphere to establish long-distance communication links. Satellite communication systems, on the other hand, utilize satellites in space to transmit and receive signals over large distances. The 14.4 to 15.25 GHz frequency range is designated for these types of communication systems, allowing for efficient and reliable transmission of data and voice signals.

The element of the MILSTAR mission that allocates communication resources is "Planning." This involves the process of determining how the available communication resources will be distributed and utilized effectively. Planning ensures that the right amount of resources are allocated to different military operations and that communication is maintained efficiently throughout the mission.

The MILSTAR antenna that provides high gain, selective coverage of any ground station visible on the earth's surface within its own footprint is the spot beam. Spot beams are narrow, focused beams of radio frequency energy that can be directed to specific areas on the ground. They provide high-gain coverage to a limited geographical area, allowing for efficient and targeted communication with ground stations within that area. This makes spot beams ideal for military strategic and tactical relay purposes, as they can ensure reliable and secure communication with specific locations on the ground.

The Inmarsat headquarters is located in London, England.

Polarization diversity requires two antennas, two receivers, and two transmitters. Polarization refers to the orientation of the electromagnetic waves that are transmitted and received by the antennas. By using two antennas with different polarization orientations, polarization diversity helps to minimize the effects of signal fading and interference caused by changes in the polarization of the transmitted waves. This technique improves the reliability and quality of wireless communication systems.

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The MARK IVB antennas can be located up to 1500 feet away from the processing area.

Crosslinking is the correct answer because it refers to the capability of military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) systems to communicate directly with each other without the need for ground-based stations. This is different from previous military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) and commercial satellite communications systems, which rely on ground-based stations to relay messages between satellites. Crosslinking allows for more secure and efficient communication between military satellites, enhancing their strategic and tactical capabilities.

Each UHF Follow-on satellite has a total of 39 ultrahigh frequencies (UHF) channels available.

Ku-band service for commercial satellite services is not available worldwide. It is primarily located over land masses and highly populated areas. This means that the coverage area for Ku-band service is limited and focused on areas where there is a higher demand for satellite communication services. It is not designed to cover ocean areas or sparsely populated regions.

The correct answer is Iridium. INMARSAT mobile satellite services (MSS) include Swift broadband, Fleet broadband (maritime), and Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN). Iridium is not included in INMARSAT MSS.

Handheld satellite phone communications are not normally provided through commercial wideband services. Wideband services typically refer to high-speed internet connectivity, video teleconferencing, and very small aperture terminal networks. Handheld satellite phones, on the other hand, rely on satellite technology for communication and are not typically included in commercial wideband services.

The correct answer is "orbit prediction, antenna pointing, satellite acquisition, and satellite tracking." This sequence of events is necessary when establishing a communication link with a satellite. First, orbit prediction is needed to determine the satellite's location. Then, antenna pointing is required to align the antenna towards the satellite. After that, satellite acquisition is necessary to establish a connection with the satellite. Finally, satellite tracking is needed to maintain a continuous communication link as the satellite moves.

The programmed track method does not require any input from a satellite. In this method, the tracking is pre-programmed and follows a predetermined path or trajectory. It does not rely on real-time satellite data or signals for tracking. On the other hand, automatic track, pseudoconscan, and step track methods all require input from a satellite for tracking purposes.

The MILSTAR satellite sends downlink communications transmissions at ultrahigh frequency (UHF) and super-high frequency (SHF). This means that the satellite is capable of transmitting signals at both UHF and SHF frequencies.

The Ultrahigh frequency (UHF) follow-on satellite system provides Global Broadcast Services (GBS). This system is designed to provide worldwide broadcast capabilities for military forces, allowing them to receive real-time information and data. The UHF follow-on satellites operate in the UHF frequency range, which enables reliable and secure communication over long distances. This system is primarily used by the military for communication and broadcasting purposes.

Iridium is the correct answer because it is the only commercial satellite communication system that can offer true pole-to-pole global coverage. INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, and INMARSAT provide coverage in specific regions but not globally. Iridium's constellation of satellites allows for uninterrupted coverage across the entire planet, including the polar regions.

The number of Global Positioning System (GPS) orbital planes is 6. The GPS system consists of a constellation of satellites that orbit the Earth. These satellites are divided into groups called orbital planes, with each plane containing multiple satellites. The GPS system currently has 6 orbital planes, each with 4 satellites, making a total of 24 satellites in orbit. This configuration allows for global coverage and accurate positioning information to be provided to users around the world.