CDC 3D153 Volume 3 V3 (April 2013)

1. What kind of clock system is coordinated universal time (UTC) based?

12-hour.

24-hour.

Daylight saving.

Amplitude modulation and pulse modulation.

The correct answer is 24-hour. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is based on a 24-hour clock system. This means that the time is divided into 24 equal parts, with each part representing one hour. This system is used worldwide to ensure consistency and standardization in timekeeping across different time zones. Unlike the 12-hour clock system, which repeats after 12 hours, the 24-hour clock system continues counting up to 24 hours before starting over. This allows for a more precise and efficient way of representing time.

Explanation

The correct answer is 24-hour. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is based on a 24-hour clock system. This means that the time is divided into 24 equal parts, with each part representing one hour. This system is used worldwide to ensure consistency and standardization in timekeeping across different time zones. Unlike the 12-hour clock system, which repeats after 12 hours, the 24-hour clock system continues counting up to 24 hours before starting over. This allows for a more precise and efficient way of representing time.

2. Uploading satellite control data, tracking missiles, and predicting satellite tracking coordinates are examples of missions where all parties involved must have

Offset timing.

Synchronized timing.

Identical time code formats.

Different time code formats.

In missions such as uploading satellite control data, tracking missiles, and predicting satellite tracking coordinates, it is crucial for all parties involved to have synchronized timing. This means that all systems and devices need to be aligned and operating on the same time frame to ensure accurate and coordinated actions. Having synchronized timing allows for efficient communication, coordination, and execution of tasks, ultimately leading to successful mission outcomes.

Explanation

In missions such as uploading satellite control data, tracking missiles, and predicting satellite tracking coordinates, it is crucial for all parties involved to have synchronized timing. This means that all systems and devices need to be aligned and operating on the same time frame to ensure accurate and coordinated actions. Having synchronized timing allows for efficient communication, coordination, and execution of tasks, ultimately leading to successful mission outcomes.

3. When any frequency source regardless of its accuracy or stability is used as the sole calibration reference for other frequency sources, what kind of standard is it?

First generation.

Secondary.

Primary.

Class I.

When any frequency source is used as the sole calibration reference for other frequency sources, it is considered a primary standard. A primary standard is a highly accurate and stable reference that is used to calibrate and validate other instruments or standards. It is the highest level of standard in terms of accuracy and reliability, and it is typically traceable to national or international standards organizations.

Explanation

When any frequency source is used as the sole calibration reference for other frequency sources, it is considered a primary standard. A primary standard is a highly accurate and stable reference that is used to calibrate and validate other instruments or standards. It is the highest level of standard in terms of accuracy and reliability, and it is typically traceable to national or international standards organizations.

4. What is the name of the companding scale used in US telephone networks, and standardized for analog-to-digital conversion?

Metric.

A-Law.

Mμ-Law.

Old English.

The correct answer is Mμ-Law. Mμ-Law is the name of the companding scale used in US telephone networks and standardized for analog-to-digital conversion. Companding is a process used to compress the dynamic range of audio signals for more efficient transmission and storage. Mμ-Law is specifically used in North America and Japan, while A-Law is used in Europe and other parts of the world. Old English and Metric are not relevant to the companding scale used in telephone networks.

Explanation

The correct answer is Mμ-Law. Mμ-Law is the name of the companding scale used in US telephone networks and standardized for analog-to-digital conversion. Companding is a process used to compress the dynamic range of audio signals for more efficient transmission and storage. Mμ-Law is specifically used in North America and Japan, while A-Law is used in Europe and other parts of the world. Old English and Metric are not relevant to the companding scale used in telephone networks.

5. Solar time is based on

Atomic clock oscillations.

Apparent constellation movement.

The moon’s rotation about the sun.

The apparent motion of the sun in the sky.

Solar time is based on the apparent motion of the sun in the sky. Solar time is determined by the position of the sun in relation to a specific location on Earth. As the Earth rotates on its axis, the sun appears to move across the sky, causing shadows to shift. Solar time is calculated based on this apparent motion of the sun, with each day divided into 24 hours based on the sun's position at noon. This method of timekeeping is different from atomic clock oscillations, the moon's rotation about the sun, or apparent constellation movement.

Explanation

Solar time is based on the apparent motion of the sun in the sky. Solar time is determined by the position of the sun in relation to a specific location on Earth. As the Earth rotates on its axis, the sun appears to move across the sky, causing shadows to shift. Solar time is calculated based on this apparent motion of the sun, with each day divided into 24 hours based on the sun's position at noon. This method of timekeeping is different from atomic clock oscillations, the moon's rotation about the sun, or apparent constellation movement.

6. An atomic time scale could be based on the frequency of what type of oscillator?

Pendulum.

Crystal.

Quartz.

Cesium.

An atomic time scale could be based on the frequency of a cesium oscillator. Cesium atomic clocks are the most accurate and reliable timekeeping devices available. They work by measuring the vibrations of cesium atoms, which have a very stable and precise resonant frequency. This frequency is used as the basis for defining the second in the International System of Units (SI). By using cesium oscillators, atomic time scales can be established with extremely high accuracy and stability. Pendulums, crystals, and quartz are not suitable for creating atomic time scales as they do not have the same level of precision and stability as cesium.

Explanation

An atomic time scale could be based on the frequency of a cesium oscillator. Cesium atomic clocks are the most accurate and reliable timekeeping devices available. They work by measuring the vibrations of cesium atoms, which have a very stable and precise resonant frequency. This frequency is used as the basis for defining the second in the International System of Units (SI). By using cesium oscillators, atomic time scales can be established with extremely high accuracy and stability. Pendulums, crystals, and quartz are not suitable for creating atomic time scales as they do not have the same level of precision and stability as cesium.

7. The MARK IVB product control subsystem uses, which type of operating system?

NT.

DOS.

UNIX.

Windows.

The correct answer is UNIX. The MARK IVB product control subsystem utilizes UNIX as its operating system.

Explanation

The correct answer is UNIX. The MARK IVB product control subsystem utilizes UNIX as its operating system.

8. Which service provider is a new satellite communications company specifically dedicated to provide commercial X-band services exclusively to US and allied governments?

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization.

European Telecommunications Satellite Organization.

Pan-American Satellite Corporation.

XTAR.

XTAR is the correct answer because it is a new satellite communications company that focuses on providing commercial X-band services exclusively to US and allied governments. The other options, such as International Telecommunications Satellite Organization and European Telecommunications Satellite Organization, do not specialize in X-band services or cater exclusively to US and allied governments. Pan-American Satellite Corporation is a general satellite communications company and not specifically dedicated to X-band services.

Explanation

XTAR is the correct answer because it is a new satellite communications company that focuses on providing commercial X-band services exclusively to US and allied governments. The other options, such as International Telecommunications Satellite Organization and European Telecommunications Satellite Organization, do not specialize in X-band services or cater exclusively to US and allied governments. Pan-American Satellite Corporation is a general satellite communications company and not specifically dedicated to X-band services.

9. What is the procedure called when keeping a satellite in a desired position, in orbit and within acceptable limits?

Shift.

Period.

Air drag.

Station keeping.

Station keeping refers to the procedure of maintaining a satellite in a desired position within its orbit and ensuring it stays within acceptable limits. This involves making adjustments to the satellite's trajectory and velocity to counteract the effects of gravitational forces, atmospheric drag, and other factors that can cause the satellite to drift off course. Station keeping is crucial for satellites that provide services such as communication, weather monitoring, and navigation, as it ensures their continuous coverage and functionality.

Explanation

Station keeping refers to the procedure of maintaining a satellite in a desired position within its orbit and ensuring it stays within acceptable limits. This involves making adjustments to the satellite's trajectory and velocity to counteract the effects of gravitational forces, atmospheric drag, and other factors that can cause the satellite to drift off course. Station keeping is crucial for satellites that provide services such as communication, weather monitoring, and navigation, as it ensures their continuous coverage and functionality.

10. What signal originating from the satellite do we use to acquire and track the satellite?

Beacon.

Ephemeris.

Telemetry.

Communication.

The signal originating from the satellite that we use to acquire and track the satellite is called the beacon. The beacon is a specific type of signal that is transmitted by the satellite and can be received by ground stations. It is used to establish a connection with the satellite and track its movements and position. The beacon signal provides important information about the satellite's location, velocity, and timing, which is crucial for accurate tracking and communication with the satellite.

Explanation

The signal originating from the satellite that we use to acquire and track the satellite is called the beacon. The beacon is a specific type of signal that is transmitted by the satellite and can be received by ground stations. It is used to establish a connection with the satellite and track its movements and position. The beacon signal provides important information about the satellite's location, velocity, and timing, which is crucial for accurate tracking and communication with the satellite.

11. A number of organizations can maintain accurate time-of-day clocks by referencing a standard time interval of one

Second.

Minute.

Hour.

Day.

Organizations can maintain accurate time-of-day clocks by referencing a standard time interval of one second. This is because a second is the smallest unit of time that can be measured accurately and precisely. By synchronizing their clocks to this standard, organizations can ensure that their timekeeping is consistent and reliable. Additionally, using a second as the standard time interval allows for easier coordination and communication between different organizations and systems that rely on accurate timekeeping.

Explanation

Organizations can maintain accurate time-of-day clocks by referencing a standard time interval of one second. This is because a second is the smallest unit of time that can be measured accurately and precisely. By synchronizing their clocks to this standard, organizations can ensure that their timekeeping is consistent and reliable. Additionally, using a second as the standard time interval allows for easier coordination and communication between different organizations and systems that rely on accurate timekeeping.

12. What is multiplexing?

Transmitting one signal over multiple transmission paths.

Transmitting one signal multiple times over a single transmission path.

Combining multiple signals for transmission over a single transmission path.

Combining multiple signals for transmission over separate, individual transmission paths.

Multiplexing refers to the process of combining multiple signals into a single transmission path. This allows for more efficient use of the available bandwidth. Instead of using separate transmission paths for each signal, multiplexing enables multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single path. This can be achieved using various techniques such as time-division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). By combining multiple signals, multiplexing enables increased data transmission capacity and improved efficiency in communication systems.

Explanation

Multiplexing refers to the process of combining multiple signals into a single transmission path. This allows for more efficient use of the available bandwidth. Instead of using separate transmission paths for each signal, multiplexing enables multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single path. This can be achieved using various techniques such as time-division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). By combining multiple signals, multiplexing enables increased data transmission capacity and improved efficiency in communication systems.

13. The secure mobile anti-jam reliable tactical terminal (SMART-T) provides user data rates through what type of cable?

T–1 (128 Kbps).

T–1 (256 Kbps).

T–1 (1.544 Mbps).

T–1 (2.048 Mbps).

The SMART-T provides user data rates through a T-1 cable with a speed of 1.544 Mbps. This means that the terminal can transmit and receive data at a rate of 1.544 million bits per second. This high-speed connection allows for reliable and secure communication, making it suitable for tactical operations.

Explanation

The SMART-T provides user data rates through a T-1 cable with a speed of 1.544 Mbps. This means that the terminal can transmit and receive data at a rate of 1.544 million bits per second. This high-speed connection allows for reliable and secure communication, making it suitable for tactical operations.

14. On a satellite, position, and orientation control is especially critical for which type of antenna?

Broadband.

Wide angle.

High frequency.

Highly directional.

Position and orientation control is especially critical for highly directional antennas because these antennas are designed to transmit and receive signals in a specific direction with a narrow beamwidth. Any deviation in the position or orientation of the antenna can result in a loss of signal strength or even complete signal failure. Therefore, precise control is necessary to ensure that the highly directional antenna is correctly aligned and pointed towards the desired target.

Explanation

Position and orientation control is especially critical for highly directional antennas because these antennas are designed to transmit and receive signals in a specific direction with a narrow beamwidth. Any deviation in the position or orientation of the antenna can result in a loss of signal strength or even complete signal failure. Therefore, precise control is necessary to ensure that the highly directional antenna is correctly aligned and pointed towards the desired target.

15. Which mission is the most important of the Defense Support Program (DSP)?

Theater warning.

US retaliatory strike.

North American warning.

Worldwide space launches.

The most important mission of the Defense Support Program (DSP) is the North American warning. This mission involves detecting and tracking ballistic missile launches aimed at North America, providing early warning to the United States and Canada. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the defense and security of North America by alerting authorities to potential threats and allowing for timely response and countermeasures.

Explanation

The most important mission of the Defense Support Program (DSP) is the North American warning. This mission involves detecting and tracking ballistic missile launches aimed at North America, providing early warning to the United States and Canada. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the defense and security of North America by alerting authorities to potential threats and allowing for timely response and countermeasures.

16. Because they use differing conversion scales, which process must take place in order to transmit voice/data between telephone networks in the US and European countries?

Encoding.

Decoding.

Quantizing.

Transcoding.

Transcoding is the process that needs to take place in order to transmit voice/data between telephone networks in the US and European countries. This is because the US and European countries use differing conversion scales, meaning that the data needs to be converted or transcoded from one format to another in order to be properly understood and transmitted between the networks.

Explanation

Transcoding is the process that needs to take place in order to transmit voice/data between telephone networks in the US and European countries. This is because the US and European countries use differing conversion scales, meaning that the data needs to be converted or transcoded from one format to another in order to be properly understood and transmitted between the networks.

17. What is the logical connection between two nodes that consists of one or more trunks?

Call.

Port.

Link.

Hops.

The logical connection between two nodes that consists of one or more trunks is called a link. A link refers to the physical or virtual connection between two devices or nodes in a network. It can be a wired or wireless connection and is responsible for transmitting data between the nodes. Trunks are used to carry multiple signals or data streams through a single link, allowing for efficient communication between the nodes. Therefore, the correct answer is "Link."

Explanation

The logical connection between two nodes that consists of one or more trunks is called a link. A link refers to the physical or virtual connection between two devices or nodes in a network. It can be a wired or wireless connection and is responsible for transmitting data between the nodes. Trunks are used to carry multiple signals or data streams through a single link, allowing for efficient communication between the nodes. Therefore, the correct answer is "Link."

18. What is the inclination angle of a polar orbit?

0°.

45°.

90°.

180°.

The inclination angle of a polar orbit is 90°. A polar orbit is a type of orbit where the satellite passes over or near the Earth's poles on each revolution. In this type of orbit, the satellite's path is perpendicular to the equator, resulting in an inclination angle of 90°. This allows the satellite to cover the entire globe and pass over all latitudes.

Explanation

The inclination angle of a polar orbit is 90°. A polar orbit is a type of orbit where the satellite passes over or near the Earth's poles on each revolution. In this type of orbit, the satellite's path is perpendicular to the equator, resulting in an inclination angle of 90°. This allows the satellite to cover the entire globe and pass over all latitudes.

19. What two factors cause a quartz oscillator's resonant frequency to drift?

Humidity and aging.

Temperature and aging.

Humidity and operating frequency.

Temperature and operating frequency.

A quartz oscillator's resonant frequency can drift due to temperature changes and aging. Temperature affects the quartz crystal's physical properties, causing its resonant frequency to change. Aging refers to the gradual degradation of the crystal over time, leading to a shift in its resonant frequency. Humidity and operating frequency do not directly cause the drift in the resonant frequency of a quartz oscillator.

Explanation

A quartz oscillator's resonant frequency can drift due to temperature changes and aging. Temperature affects the quartz crystal's physical properties, causing its resonant frequency to change. Aging refers to the gradual degradation of the crystal over time, leading to a shift in its resonant frequency. Humidity and operating frequency do not directly cause the drift in the resonant frequency of a quartz oscillator.

20. Who is a total bad ass?

You want a 100%?

You will have to answer this correctly, then.

Pick what you know is right.

>>>>Mikhail

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

21. In the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's baseband assembly, a 1-volt peak-to-peak input signal results in how much frequency deviation in the transmitter?

±4 MHz.

Less than ±4 MHz.

More than ±4 MHz.

No signal deviation.

A 1-volt peak-to-peak input signal in the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's baseband assembly results in a frequency deviation of ±4 MHz in the transmitter.

Explanation

A 1-volt peak-to-peak input signal in the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's baseband assembly results in a frequency deviation of ±4 MHz in the transmitter.

22. Which satellite reflects signals transmitted toward it?

Active.

Delay.

Passive.

Real-time.

Passive satellites reflect signals transmitted toward them. Unlike active satellites, which generate and transmit their own signals, passive satellites simply reflect or bounce back signals that are transmitted from the ground. These satellites are commonly used for communication purposes, such as in satellite television or radio, where signals are transmitted from Earth to the satellite and then reflected back to a receiving station.

Explanation

Passive satellites reflect signals transmitted toward them. Unlike active satellites, which generate and transmit their own signals, passive satellites simply reflect or bounce back signals that are transmitted from the ground. These satellites are commonly used for communication purposes, such as in satellite television or radio, where signals are transmitted from Earth to the satellite and then reflected back to a receiving station.

23. To calculate look angles (e.g. antenna azimuth and elevation) from the ground terminal to the satellite, you need to know the terminal's latitude and longitude, as well as the satellite's latitude, longitude, and

Velocity.

Height.

Speed.

Depth.

To calculate look angles from the ground terminal to the satellite, you need to know the terminal's latitude and longitude, as well as the satellite's latitude, longitude, and height. The height of the satellite is an important factor in determining the correct azimuth and elevation angles. Without knowing the height of the satellite, it would be impossible to accurately calculate the look angles. The other options, such as velocity, speed, and depth, are not relevant in this context and would not affect the calculation of look angles.

Explanation

To calculate look angles from the ground terminal to the satellite, you need to know the terminal's latitude and longitude, as well as the satellite's latitude, longitude, and height. The height of the satellite is an important factor in determining the correct azimuth and elevation angles. Without knowing the height of the satellite, it would be impossible to accurately calculate the look angles. The other options, such as velocity, speed, and depth, are not relevant in this context and would not affect the calculation of look angles.

24. The agency responsible for coordinated universal time (UTC) is the

United States Naval Observatory (USNO).

International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM).

Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory (PMEL).

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is responsible for coordinating Universal Time Coordinated (UTC). UTC is the primary time standard used worldwide for civil timekeeping, ensuring that time is consistent and accurate across different locations. The BIPM, based in France, is an international organization that maintains the International System of Units (SI) and oversees the measurement standards used globally. It collaborates with various national timekeeping agencies to ensure the accuracy and synchronization of UTC. The United States Naval Observatory (USNO), Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory (PMEL), and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are all involved in timekeeping and standards, but the BIPM is specifically responsible for UTC coordination.

Explanation

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is responsible for coordinating Universal Time Coordinated (UTC). UTC is the primary time standard used worldwide for civil timekeeping, ensuring that time is consistent and accurate across different locations. The BIPM, based in France, is an international organization that maintains the International System of Units (SI) and oversees the measurement standards used globally. It collaborates with various national timekeeping agencies to ensure the accuracy and synchronization of UTC. The United States Naval Observatory (USNO), Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory (PMEL), and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are all involved in timekeeping and standards, but the BIPM is specifically responsible for UTC coordination.

25. The operation of the atomic clock is based on the phenomenon that

Crystals resonate when an electric charge is applied.

Atoms release energy at a particular resonant frequency.

Atoms are sensitive to temperature and directional effects.

When atoms are split they produce predictable nuclear reactions.

The correct answer is "atoms release energy at a particular resonant frequency." Atomic clocks work by measuring the vibrations of atoms, particularly the oscillations of electrons within the atom. These oscillations occur at a specific frequency, known as the resonant frequency. By measuring these vibrations, atomic clocks can accurately keep time.

Explanation

The correct answer is "atoms release energy at a particular resonant frequency." Atomic clocks work by measuring the vibrations of atoms, particularly the oscillations of electrons within the atom. These oscillations occur at a specific frequency, known as the resonant frequency. By measuring these vibrations, atomic clocks can accurately keep time.

26. What is the minimum number of global positioning system (GPS) satellites that must be tracked to have accurate three-dimensional navigation?

Two.

Three.

Four.

Five.

To have accurate three-dimensional navigation using GPS, a minimum of four satellites must be tracked. This is because GPS works by using trilateration, which requires signals from at least four satellites to determine the precise position in three dimensions (latitude, longitude, and altitude). With fewer than four satellites, the accuracy of the navigation would be compromised. Therefore, tracking four GPS satellites is necessary for accurate three-dimensional navigation.

Explanation

To have accurate three-dimensional navigation using GPS, a minimum of four satellites must be tracked. This is because GPS works by using trilateration, which requires signals from at least four satellites to determine the precise position in three dimensions (latitude, longitude, and altitude). With fewer than four satellites, the accuracy of the navigation would be compromised. Therefore, tracking four GPS satellites is necessary for accurate three-dimensional navigation.

27. All approved satellite communication network requirements will be assigned a number and reside in the

SATCOM Database (SDB).

Core Automated Maintenance System (CAMS).

Integrated Maintenance Database System (IMDS).

Maintenance Management Information Center (MMIC).

The correct answer is SATCOM Database (SDB). This is because the question asks for the location where all approved satellite communication network requirements will be assigned a number and reside. The SATCOM Database (SDB) is the most suitable option as it is specifically designed to store and manage satellite communication network requirements. The other options mentioned, such as Core Automated Maintenance System (CAMS), Integrated Maintenance Database System (IMDS), and Maintenance Management Information Center (MMIC), are not specifically designed for this purpose.

Explanation

The correct answer is SATCOM Database (SDB). This is because the question asks for the location where all approved satellite communication network requirements will be assigned a number and reside. The SATCOM Database (SDB) is the most suitable option as it is specifically designed to store and manage satellite communication network requirements. The other options mentioned, such as Core Automated Maintenance System (CAMS), Integrated Maintenance Database System (IMDS), and Maintenance Management Information Center (MMIC), are not specifically designed for this purpose.

28. An advantage of passive satellites is that they

Have a larger transmitter power.

Have a larger antenna system.

Have more sensitive equipment.

Operate over a wider-frequency range.

Passive satellites operate over a wider-frequency range. This means that they are capable of receiving and transmitting signals across a broader spectrum of frequencies. This advantage allows passive satellites to be more versatile and adaptable in their communication capabilities, as they can handle a wider variety of signals and frequencies. This flexibility is crucial in various applications, such as telecommunications, remote sensing, and scientific research, where different frequency bands may be required for different purposes.

Explanation

Passive satellites operate over a wider-frequency range. This means that they are capable of receiving and transmitting signals across a broader spectrum of frequencies. This advantage allows passive satellites to be more versatile and adaptable in their communication capabilities, as they can handle a wider variety of signals and frequencies. This flexibility is crucial in various applications, such as telecommunications, remote sensing, and scientific research, where different frequency bands may be required for different purposes.

29. The primary interface between the operator/maintainer and the MARK IVB system is the

Storage disk array.

Maintainer workstation.

Network interface switch.

Meteorological data server.

The primary interface between the operator/maintainer and the MARK IVB system is the maintainer workstation. This implies that the maintainer workstation is the main tool or device used by the operator/maintainer to interact with and manage the MARK IVB system. The other options, such as the storage disk array, network interface switch, and meteorological data server, may play a role in the overall system but are not the primary interface for the operator/maintainer.

Explanation

The primary interface between the operator/maintainer and the MARK IVB system is the maintainer workstation. This implies that the maintainer workstation is the main tool or device used by the operator/maintainer to interact with and manage the MARK IVB system. The other options, such as the storage disk array, network interface switch, and meteorological data server, may play a role in the overall system but are not the primary interface for the operator/maintainer.

30. Which commercial satellite communication system can offer true pole-to-pole global coverage?

European Telecommunications Satellite Organization (EUTELSAT).

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT).

International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT).

Iridium.

Iridium is the correct answer because it is the only commercial satellite communication system that offers true pole-to-pole global coverage. While EUTELSAT, INTELSAT, and INMARSAT are all well-known satellite organizations, they do not provide coverage in the polar regions. Iridium, on the other hand, has a network of 66 satellites in low Earth orbit that can provide seamless coverage across the entire globe, including the poles.

Explanation

Iridium is the correct answer because it is the only commercial satellite communication system that offers true pole-to-pole global coverage. While EUTELSAT, INTELSAT, and INMARSAT are all well-known satellite organizations, they do not provide coverage in the polar regions. Iridium, on the other hand, has a network of 66 satellites in low Earth orbit that can provide seamless coverage across the entire globe, including the poles.

31. Which agency does the regional satellite communications support center (RSSC) coordinate for additional satellite resources, if the planned deployment configuration cannot be supported by the satellite payload configuration?

Ground mobile forces (GMF) network controller.

Consolidated Space Operations Center (CSOC).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

Defense Information system Agency Network Operations Center (DISANOC).

The regional satellite communications support center (RSSC) coordinates with the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) for additional satellite resources when the planned deployment configuration cannot be supported by the satellite payload configuration. DISA is responsible for providing global information infrastructure to support the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government agencies. Therefore, it makes sense for the RSSC to coordinate with DISA in order to access additional satellite resources.

Explanation

The regional satellite communications support center (RSSC) coordinates with the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) for additional satellite resources when the planned deployment configuration cannot be supported by the satellite payload configuration. DISA is responsible for providing global information infrastructure to support the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government agencies. Therefore, it makes sense for the RSSC to coordinate with DISA in order to access additional satellite resources.

32. What is the maximum distance in feet the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's radio frequency and baseband assemblies can be separated?

50.

100.

150.

200.

The maximum distance in feet that the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's radio frequency and baseband assemblies can be separated is 150.

Explanation

The maximum distance in feet that the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio's radio frequency and baseband assemblies can be separated is 150.

33. When computing satellite look angles, the ground distance on the earth's surface is expressed in

Degrees.

Seconds.

Minutes.

Nautical miles.

When computing satellite look angles, the ground distance on the earth's surface is expressed in degrees. This is because look angles are used to determine the direction of the satellite from a specific point on the earth's surface. The ground distance is measured in degrees of latitude and longitude, which provide a precise and standardized way to describe locations on the earth's surface. Using degrees allows for accurate calculations and consistent communication of satellite positions.

Explanation

When computing satellite look angles, the ground distance on the earth's surface is expressed in degrees. This is because look angles are used to determine the direction of the satellite from a specific point on the earth's surface. The ground distance is measured in degrees of latitude and longitude, which provide a precise and standardized way to describe locations on the earth's surface. Using degrees allows for accurate calculations and consistent communication of satellite positions.

34. How are the high power amplifiers normally configured in the AN/GSC–52 earth terminal?

One operating online with three cold standby.

Two operating online with two hot standby.

Three operating online with one hot standby.

Four operating online with no hot standby.

The high power amplifiers in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal are configured with three operating online and one hot standby. This means that three amplifiers are actively working to amplify the signal, while one amplifier is on standby and ready to take over in case any of the online amplifiers fail. This configuration ensures redundancy and uninterrupted signal amplification in case of equipment failure.

Explanation

The high power amplifiers in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal are configured with three operating online and one hot standby. This means that three amplifiers are actively working to amplify the signal, while one amplifier is on standby and ready to take over in case any of the online amplifiers fail. This configuration ensures redundancy and uninterrupted signal amplification in case of equipment failure.

35. The MARK IVB antennas can be located up to how many feet away from the processing area?

1000.

1500.

2500.

3000.

The MARK IVB antennas can be located up to 1500 feet away from the processing area.

Explanation

The MARK IVB antennas can be located up to 1500 feet away from the processing area.

36. The trunk group multiplexer TD–1236 can multiplex up to

One group of the 512 Kbps data rate family.

One group of the 576 Kbps data rate family.

Four groups of the 512 Kbps data rate families or 576 Kbps data rate families.

Four groups of the 12 Kbps data rate families and 576 Kbps data rate families.

The trunk group multiplexer TD-1236 is capable of multiplexing four groups of either the 512 Kbps data rate families or the 576 Kbps data rate families. This means that it can handle a total of four groups, regardless of the specific data rate family.

Explanation

The trunk group multiplexer TD-1236 is capable of multiplexing four groups of either the 512 Kbps data rate families or the 576 Kbps data rate families. This means that it can handle a total of four groups, regardless of the specific data rate family.

37. Which maximum distance in miles can a Tropo/Satellite Support Radio operate with the 2- foot antenna?

9.

24.

90.

240.

A Tropo/Satellite Support Radio with a 2-foot antenna can operate at a maximum distance of 24 miles. This means that the radio can transmit and receive signals within a radius of 24 miles, allowing for communication over long distances. The larger the antenna, the greater the range of the radio, so a 2-foot antenna limits the operating distance to 24 miles.

Explanation

A Tropo/Satellite Support Radio with a 2-foot antenna can operate at a maximum distance of 24 miles. This means that the radio can transmit and receive signals within a radius of 24 miles, allowing for communication over long distances. The larger the antenna, the greater the range of the radio, so a 2-foot antenna limits the operating distance to 24 miles.

38. Telecommunications service orders are issued by the

Department of Defense (DOD).

Users’ technical control facility.

National Communications System (NCS).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

The correct answer is Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). DISA is responsible for issuing telecommunications service orders. The Department of Defense (DOD) is a broader organization that oversees defense operations, but DISA specifically handles the telecommunications services for the DOD. The users' technical control facility and the National Communications System (NCS) may be involved in the process, but DISA is the agency that issues the service orders.

Explanation

The correct answer is Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). DISA is responsible for issuing telecommunications service orders. The Department of Defense (DOD) is a broader organization that oversees defense operations, but DISA specifically handles the telecommunications services for the DOD. The users' technical control facility and the National Communications System (NCS) may be involved in the process, but DISA is the agency that issues the service orders.

39. Which jack field in the AN/TRC–170's baseband patch panel provides timing and data connections?

Middle.

Center.

Upper.

Lower.

The correct answer is "Upper." In the AN/TRC-170's baseband patch panel, the upper jack field provides both timing and data connections.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Upper." In the AN/TRC-170's baseband patch panel, the upper jack field provides both timing and data connections.

40. Which satellite access technique is being used when all channels are pooled and used by any station, according to its instantaneous traffic load?

Code division multiple access (CDMA).

Time division multiple access (TDMA).

Demand assigned multiple access (DAMA).

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA).

Demand assigned multiple access (DAMA) is the satellite access technique being used when all channels are pooled and used by any station, according to its instantaneous traffic load. DAMA allows stations to dynamically request and assign channels as needed, based on their traffic demands. This ensures efficient utilization of satellite resources and allows for flexible allocation of channels among multiple stations. CDMA, TDMA, and FDMA are not suitable for this scenario as they involve different methods of channel allocation.

Explanation

Demand assigned multiple access (DAMA) is the satellite access technique being used when all channels are pooled and used by any station, according to its instantaneous traffic load. DAMA allows stations to dynamically request and assign channels as needed, based on their traffic demands. This ensures efficient utilization of satellite resources and allows for flexible allocation of channels among multiple stations. CDMA, TDMA, and FDMA are not suitable for this scenario as they involve different methods of channel allocation.

41. What specifically does wavelength division multiplexing assign each incoming optical signal?

Pseudorandom code.

Frequency of light.

Radio frequency.

Time slot.

Wavelength division multiplexing assigns each incoming optical signal a specific frequency of light. This means that different signals can be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths of light. By assigning different frequencies to each signal, they can be separated and then combined again at the receiving end. This allows for efficient and high-capacity transmission of multiple signals over a single fiber.

Explanation

Wavelength division multiplexing assigns each incoming optical signal a specific frequency of light. This means that different signals can be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths of light. By assigning different frequencies to each signal, they can be separated and then combined again at the receiving end. This allows for efficient and high-capacity transmission of multiple signals over a single fiber.

42. Which feedhorns are located in the AN/GSC–52 earth terminal feed assembly?

Single tracking and communication feedhorn.

One tracking feedhorn and one communications feedhorn.

One tracking feedhorn and four communications feedhorns.

Four tracking feedhorns and one communication feedhorn.

The correct answer is four tracking feedhorns and one communication feedhorn. This means that in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal feed assembly, there are four feedhorns dedicated to tracking and one feedhorn dedicated to communication.

Explanation

The correct answer is four tracking feedhorns and one communication feedhorn. This means that in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal feed assembly, there are four feedhorns dedicated to tracking and one feedhorn dedicated to communication.

43. Which office resolves conflicts regarding Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) ground mobile forces (GMF) satellite resources that cannot be settled by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), and the regional satellite communications support center (RSSC)?

Joint Staff.

Combatant commander (COCOM).

Defense Information Systems Agency Operations Control Complex (DOCC).

Consolidated Space Operations Center (CSOC).

The Joint Staff is the correct answer because it is the office that resolves conflicts regarding Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) ground mobile forces (GMF) satellite resources that cannot be settled by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) and the regional satellite communications support center (RSSC). The Joint Staff is responsible for coordinating and integrating military activities across the different branches of the armed forces, and resolving conflicts in satellite resource allocation falls under their purview.

Explanation

The Joint Staff is the correct answer because it is the office that resolves conflicts regarding Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) ground mobile forces (GMF) satellite resources that cannot be settled by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) and the regional satellite communications support center (RSSC). The Joint Staff is responsible for coordinating and integrating military activities across the different branches of the armed forces, and resolving conflicts in satellite resource allocation falls under their purview.

44. Which term is defined as those measures taken to ensure the continued use of the frequency spectrum by Department of Defense (DOD) and friendly forces?

Electronic attack (EA).

Electronic warfare (EW).

Electronic support (ES).

Counter-counter measures (CCM).

Counter-counter measures (CCM) refers to the measures taken to ensure the continued use of the frequency spectrum by the Department of Defense (DOD) and friendly forces. These measures are aimed at countering any electronic attacks (EA) or electronic warfare (EW) that may be directed towards disrupting or denying the use of the frequency spectrum. CCM is a proactive approach that involves implementing defensive strategies and techniques to neutralize or mitigate the effects of electronic attacks, thereby safeguarding the availability and integrity of the frequency spectrum for DOD and friendly forces.

Explanation

Counter-counter measures (CCM) refers to the measures taken to ensure the continued use of the frequency spectrum by the Department of Defense (DOD) and friendly forces. These measures are aimed at countering any electronic attacks (EA) or electronic warfare (EW) that may be directed towards disrupting or denying the use of the frequency spectrum. CCM is a proactive approach that involves implementing defensive strategies and techniques to neutralize or mitigate the effects of electronic attacks, thereby safeguarding the availability and integrity of the frequency spectrum for DOD and friendly forces.

45. What is the seconds delay of a real-time satellite?

0.1.

0.6.

1.0.

6.0.

The correct answer is 0.6. This suggests that the real-time satellite has a delay of 0.6 seconds. This delay refers to the time it takes for the satellite to transmit data or signals from one point to another. It indicates that there is a slight delay in the communication process due to the distance the signals have to travel.

Explanation

The correct answer is 0.6. This suggests that the real-time satellite has a delay of 0.6 seconds. This delay refers to the time it takes for the satellite to transmit data or signals from one point to another. It indicates that there is a slight delay in the communication process due to the distance the signals have to travel.

46. What happens in the event of a downconverter failure in the AN/GSC–52 earth terminal?

The downconverter switch assembly (under terminal server A control) automatically places aspare online.

The downconverter alarm monitor (under terminal server A control) automatically places aspare online.

The downconverter controller (under terminal server A control) automatically places a spareonline.

The spare downconverter must be configured and placed online manually.

In the event of a downconverter failure in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal, the downconverter switch assembly, which is controlled by terminal server A, will automatically place a spare downconverter online. This ensures that the terminal continues to function properly without any interruption in signal conversion.

Explanation

In the event of a downconverter failure in the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal, the downconverter switch assembly, which is controlled by terminal server A, will automatically place a spare downconverter online. This ensures that the terminal continues to function properly without any interruption in signal conversion.

47. Which Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) elements receive only real-time satellite imagery when the satellite is in view?

Strategic.

Tactical.

Air Force Weather Agency.

Automated remote tracking stations.

The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) elements that receive only real-time satellite imagery when the satellite is in view are the Tactical elements. This means that these elements are able to access and utilize the satellite imagery in real-time for their specific operational needs and decision-making processes. The Strategic elements, Air Force Weather Agency, and Automated remote tracking stations may also receive real-time satellite imagery, but they are not limited to it and may have access to other types of data and information as well.

Explanation

The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) elements that receive only real-time satellite imagery when the satellite is in view are the Tactical elements. This means that these elements are able to access and utilize the satellite imagery in real-time for their specific operational needs and decision-making processes. The Strategic elements, Air Force Weather Agency, and Automated remote tracking stations may also receive real-time satellite imagery, but they are not limited to it and may have access to other types of data and information as well.

48. For global positioning system (GPS) receivers, how much of a difference in target coordinates is there if the Datum mismatches?

7.5 meters.

75 meters.

750 meters.

7,500 meters.

If the Datum mismatches in GPS receivers, there will be a difference of 750 meters in target coordinates. This means that the location obtained from the GPS receiver will be off by 750 meters from the actual target location.

Explanation

If the Datum mismatches in GPS receivers, there will be a difference of 750 meters in target coordinates. This means that the location obtained from the GPS receiver will be off by 750 meters from the actual target location.

49. Modifications on the Defense Satellite Communications System phase III (DSCS III) satellite include

Larger solar panels.

Smaller solar panels.

Multibeam array antenna.

Single-channel transponder (SCT) downlink.

The modifications on the Defense Satellite Communications System phase III (DSCS III) satellite include a single-channel transponder (SCT) downlink. This means that the satellite now has the capability to transmit and receive signals through a single-channel transponder, allowing for improved communication and data transfer. This modification is likely to enhance the overall performance and efficiency of the satellite's communication system.

Explanation

The modifications on the Defense Satellite Communications System phase III (DSCS III) satellite include a single-channel transponder (SCT) downlink. This means that the satellite now has the capability to transmit and receive signals through a single-channel transponder, allowing for improved communication and data transfer. This modification is likely to enhance the overall performance and efficiency of the satellite's communication system.

50. What agency initiates satellite access authorizations for missions using nonstandard tactical terminals?

Ground mobile forces (GMF) network controller.

Defense Satellite Communications System operation center (DSCSOC) satellite networkcontroller (SNC).

Regional space support center (RSSC).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) is responsible for initiating satellite access authorizations for missions using nonstandard tactical terminals. This agency is in charge of managing and providing information technology and communications support to the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government organizations. They ensure that authorized users have the necessary access to satellite networks for their missions.

Explanation

The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) is responsible for initiating satellite access authorizations for missions using nonstandard tactical terminals. This agency is in charge of managing and providing information technology and communications support to the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government organizations. They ensure that authorized users have the necessary access to satellite networks for their missions.

51. The MD–1026 digital data modem can interface up to four groups of, which type of signals?

Balanced non-return-to-zero (NRZ).

Conditioned diphase.

Unbalanced NRZ.

Isochronous.

The MD-1026 digital data modem can interface up to four groups of conditioned diphase signals. Conditioned diphase encoding is a method of encoding digital data where each bit is represented by a transition in the middle of a bit period. This encoding scheme is commonly used in digital communication systems to ensure reliable data transmission and minimize errors. By supporting conditioned diphase signals, the MD-1026 modem can effectively interface with multiple data sources and facilitate efficient data transfer.

Explanation

The MD-1026 digital data modem can interface up to four groups of conditioned diphase signals. Conditioned diphase encoding is a method of encoding digital data where each bit is represented by a transition in the middle of a bit period. This encoding scheme is commonly used in digital communication systems to ensure reliable data transmission and minimize errors. By supporting conditioned diphase signals, the MD-1026 modem can effectively interface with multiple data sources and facilitate efficient data transfer.

52. The tropospheric scatter modem processes mission traffic at data rates of 128 through 4,096 Kbps, within which data rate family?

512 Kbps.

576 Kbps.

1,024 Kbps.

1,152 Kbps.

The tropospheric scatter modem processes mission traffic at data rates ranging from 128 to 4,096 Kbps. Among the given options, the closest data rate family to this range is 512 Kbps.

Explanation

The tropospheric scatter modem processes mission traffic at data rates ranging from 128 to 4,096 Kbps. Among the given options, the closest data rate family to this range is 512 Kbps.

53. The quick reaction antenna for the V3 AN/TRC–170 terminal uses how many linearly dualpolarized antennas?

Two 6-foot-diameter.

Four 6-foot-diameter.

Two 9.5-foot-diameter.

Four 9.5-foot-diameter.

The quick reaction antenna for the V3 AN/TRC-170 terminal uses two 6-foot-diameter linearly dual-polarized antennas.

Explanation

The quick reaction antenna for the V3 AN/TRC-170 terminal uses two 6-foot-diameter linearly dual-polarized antennas.

54. The intermediate frequencies/levels used by Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) earth terminals are 70 MHz at

–10 dBm and 630 MHz @ –13 dBm.

–13 dBm and 630 MHz @ –10 dBm.

–10 dBm and 700 MHz @ –13 dBm.

–13 dBm and 700 MHz @ –10 dBm.

The correct answer is –10 dBm and 700 MHz @ –13 dBm. This is because the question is asking for the intermediate frequencies/levels used by the Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) earth terminals. The given answer specifies that the intermediate frequency is 700 MHz and the level is –13 dBm. The other options either have the incorrect frequency or level values.

Explanation

The correct answer is –10 dBm and 700 MHz @ –13 dBm. This is because the question is asking for the intermediate frequencies/levels used by the Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) earth terminals. The given answer specifies that the intermediate frequency is 700 MHz and the level is –13 dBm. The other options either have the incorrect frequency or level values.

55. What does one degree of arc on the Earth's surface equal?

One statute mile.

One nautical mile.

69 statute miles.

69 nautical miles.

One degree of arc on the Earth's surface equals approximately 69 statute miles. This measurement is derived from the Earth's circumference, which is approximately 24,901 miles. Dividing the circumference by 360 (representing the degrees in a circle) gives us the value of 69.17 miles per degree of arc. However, since the answer options are rounded, the closest approximation is 69 statute miles.

Explanation

One degree of arc on the Earth's surface equals approximately 69 statute miles. This measurement is derived from the Earth's circumference, which is approximately 24,901 miles. Dividing the circumference by 360 (representing the degrees in a circle) gives us the value of 69.17 miles per degree of arc. However, since the answer options are rounded, the closest approximation is 69 statute miles.

56. To send information over telephone lines, the modulator in a voice modem converts the

Audio signal into digital data.

Optical signal into digital data.

Digital data into an audio signal.

Digital data into an optical signal.

The modulator in a voice modem is responsible for converting the digital data into an audio signal. This audio signal is then transmitted over telephone lines.

Explanation

The modulator in a voice modem is responsible for converting the digital data into an audio signal. This audio signal is then transmitted over telephone lines.

57. What is the primary advantage of using an extremely high frequency communications link for critical command and control (C2) data?

Cannot be jammed.

Not affected by weather.

Can pass higher data rates.

Less affected by scintillation.

An extremely high frequency communications link is less affected by scintillation, which refers to the rapid changes in the amplitude and phase of a signal caused by atmospheric conditions. This advantage is crucial for critical command and control (C2) data as it ensures a more reliable and stable connection, reducing the chances of signal disruptions or loss of data. Unlike other options like being jammed, affected by weather, or limited in data rates, the reduced impact of scintillation allows for a more consistent and dependable communication link for important C2 data.

Explanation

An extremely high frequency communications link is less affected by scintillation, which refers to the rapid changes in the amplitude and phase of a signal caused by atmospheric conditions. This advantage is crucial for critical command and control (C2) data as it ensures a more reliable and stable connection, reducing the chances of signal disruptions or loss of data. Unlike other options like being jammed, affected by weather, or limited in data rates, the reduced impact of scintillation allows for a more consistent and dependable communication link for important C2 data.

58. The military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) waveform derives its anti-jam (AJ) capabilities by using a

Large bandwidth.

Narrow bandwidth.

Large antenna beamwidth.

Large amount of output power.

The MILSTAR waveform derives its anti-jam capabilities by using a large bandwidth. This means that it can transmit and receive a wide range of frequencies, allowing it to avoid interference and jamming from enemy signals. A large bandwidth provides more channels for communication and increases the system's ability to detect and counteract jamming attempts.

Explanation

The MILSTAR waveform derives its anti-jam capabilities by using a large bandwidth. This means that it can transmit and receive a wide range of frequencies, allowing it to avoid interference and jamming from enemy signals. A large bandwidth provides more channels for communication and increases the system's ability to detect and counteract jamming attempts.

59. In the tropospheric scatter mode, the high power amplifier amplifies the radio frequency to

1 milliwatt.

1 watt.

100 watt.

1 kilowatt.

In the tropospheric scatter mode, the high power amplifier is used to amplify the radio frequency signal. The power output required for this mode is typically high in order to overcome the attenuation caused by the scattering of the signal in the troposphere. The correct answer of 1 kilowatt indicates that a power output of 1000 watts is needed to ensure effective communication over long distances in this mode.

Explanation

In the tropospheric scatter mode, the high power amplifier is used to amplify the radio frequency signal. The power output required for this mode is typically high in order to overcome the attenuation caused by the scattering of the signal in the troposphere. The correct answer of 1 kilowatt indicates that a power output of 1000 watts is needed to ensure effective communication over long distances in this mode.

60. Which type of diversity requires two antennas, two receivers, and two transmitters?

Polarization.

Crossband.

Frequency.

Space.

Polarization diversity requires two antennas, two receivers, and two transmitters. This is because polarization diversity involves transmitting and receiving signals with different polarizations. By using two antennas, receivers, and transmitters, the system can effectively capture and transmit signals with different polarizations, improving signal quality and reducing interference. Crossband diversity, frequency diversity, and space diversity do not require multiple antennas, receivers, and transmitters.

Explanation

Polarization diversity requires two antennas, two receivers, and two transmitters. This is because polarization diversity involves transmitting and receiving signals with different polarizations. By using two antennas, receivers, and transmitters, the system can effectively capture and transmit signals with different polarizations, improving signal quality and reducing interference. Crossband diversity, frequency diversity, and space diversity do not require multiple antennas, receivers, and transmitters.

61. Which satellite access technique was the first multiple access method developed?

Code division multiple access (CDMA).

Time division multiple access (TDMA).

Demand assigned multiple access (DAMA).

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA).

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) was the first multiple access method developed. In FDMA, different users are assigned different frequency bands to transmit their signals simultaneously. Each user is allocated a specific frequency range, and the signals are separated by using different carrier frequencies. This allows multiple users to share the same physical channel without interfering with each other. FDMA is commonly used in analog cellular systems and satellite communication systems.

Explanation

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) was the first multiple access method developed. In FDMA, different users are assigned different frequency bands to transmit their signals simultaneously. Each user is allocated a specific frequency range, and the signals are separated by using different carrier frequencies. This allows multiple users to share the same physical channel without interfering with each other. FDMA is commonly used in analog cellular systems and satellite communication systems.

62. Which Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR) capability is very different from previous military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) and commercial satellite communications systems?

Crossbanding.

Crosslinking.

Multi-service.

Secure networking.

Crosslinking is the correct answer because it refers to a capability that is unique to the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR) system. Crosslinking allows communication between MILSTAR satellites without the need for ground-based infrastructure, unlike previous military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) and commercial satellite communications systems. This capability enhances the resilience and reliability of the MILSTAR system, making it different from other satellite communication systems.

Explanation

Crosslinking is the correct answer because it refers to a capability that is unique to the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR) system. Crosslinking allows communication between MILSTAR satellites without the need for ground-based infrastructure, unlike previous military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) and commercial satellite communications systems. This capability enhances the resilience and reliability of the MILSTAR system, making it different from other satellite communication systems.

63. Which of the following is not a service provided by the commercial satellite communications branch (CSB)?

Help obtain host nation approvals.

Recommend and/or obtain ground terminals.

Act as the day-to-day mobile satellite services (MSS) system manager.

Evaluate customer requests to see if commercial service is the best option.

The commercial satellite communications branch (CSB) provides various services, such as helping to obtain host nation approvals, recommending and/or obtaining ground terminals, and evaluating customer requests to determine if commercial service is the best option. However, it does not act as the day-to-day mobile satellite services (MSS) system manager. This means that the CSB is not responsible for managing the day-to-day operations and maintenance of the MSS system.

Explanation

The commercial satellite communications branch (CSB) provides various services, such as helping to obtain host nation approvals, recommending and/or obtaining ground terminals, and evaluating customer requests to determine if commercial service is the best option. However, it does not act as the day-to-day mobile satellite services (MSS) system manager. This means that the CSB is not responsible for managing the day-to-day operations and maintenance of the MSS system.

64. One of the functions of the telecommunication certification office is to

Assign a circuit number to the telecommunications service request.

Ensure the user agency is prepared to pay for the service.

Review the circuit priority against mission needs.

Maintain case files on all major commands (MAJCOM) circuits.

The function of the telecommunication certification office is to ensure that the user agency is prepared to pay for the service. This implies that the office is responsible for verifying the financial readiness of the user agency before providing the requested telecommunication service. It suggests that the office plays a role in ensuring that the user agency has the necessary funds or payment arrangements in place to cover the cost of the service.

Explanation

The function of the telecommunication certification office is to ensure that the user agency is prepared to pay for the service. This implies that the office is responsible for verifying the financial readiness of the user agency before providing the requested telecommunication service. It suggests that the office plays a role in ensuring that the user agency has the necessary funds or payment arrangements in place to cover the cost of the service.

65. The Tropo/Satellite Support Radio frequency coverage extends from

4.4 to 5.25 GHz.

7.25 to 8.4 GHz.

14.4 to 15.25 GHz.

17.25 to 18.4 GHz.

The correct answer is 14.4 to 15.25 GHz. This range falls within the frequency coverage of Tropo/Satellite Support Radio.

Explanation

The correct answer is 14.4 to 15.25 GHz. This range falls within the frequency coverage of Tropo/Satellite Support Radio.

66. Which early warning center receives Defense Support Program warning data from the 460th Space Wing units?

Air Force Weather Agency.

Mission Control Squadron.

Mission Control Command.

North American Aerospace Defense Command.

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) receives Defense Support Program warning data from the 460th Space Wing units. NORAD is responsible for aerospace warning and control, and it collaborates with the United States Space Command to provide early warning of missile launches and other space-related activities.

Explanation

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) receives Defense Support Program warning data from the 460th Space Wing units. NORAD is responsible for aerospace warning and control, and it collaborates with the United States Space Command to provide early warning of missile launches and other space-related activities.

67. In the AN/GSC–52 earth terminal's tracking system, the azimuth-plus (+AZ), azimuthminus (–AZ), elevation-plus (+EL) and elevation-minus (–EL) signals are fed to the

Scanner.

Comparator.

Servo amplifier.

Optical converter.

The correct answer is comparator. In the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal's tracking system, the azimuth-plus (+AZ), azimuth-minus (-AZ), elevation-plus (+EL), and elevation-minus (-EL) signals are fed to the comparator. A comparator is a device that compares two voltages or signals and determines the difference between them. In this case, the comparator is used to compare the tracking signals from the scanner with the desired azimuth and elevation values, allowing the system to make adjustments and maintain accurate tracking.

Explanation

The correct answer is comparator. In the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal's tracking system, the azimuth-plus (+AZ), azimuth-minus (-AZ), elevation-plus (+EL), and elevation-minus (-EL) signals are fed to the comparator. A comparator is a device that compares two voltages or signals and determines the difference between them. In this case, the comparator is used to compare the tracking signals from the scanner with the desired azimuth and elevation values, allowing the system to make adjustments and maintain accurate tracking.

68. What is the number of global positioning system (GPS) orbital planes?

Four.

Five.

Six.

Seven.

The number of global positioning system (GPS) orbital planes is six. GPS satellites are arranged in six equally spaced orbital planes around the Earth, with each plane containing four satellites. This configuration allows for global coverage and ensures that at least four satellites are always visible from any point on Earth, enabling accurate positioning and navigation.

Explanation

The number of global positioning system (GPS) orbital planes is six. GPS satellites are arranged in six equally spaced orbital planes around the Earth, with each plane containing four satellites. This configuration allows for global coverage and ensures that at least four satellites are always visible from any point on Earth, enabling accurate positioning and navigation.

69. Which type of extremely high frequency (EHF) antenna is used on the military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) EHF and ultrahigh frequency (UHF) airborne command post terminals?

Cassegrain 16-inch dish.

Cassegrain 26-inch dish.

Front-feed 16-inch dish.

Front-feed 26-inch dish.

The Cassegrain 26-inch dish is used on the military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) EHF and UHF airborne command post terminals. Cassegrain antennas are a type of EHF antenna that use a parabolic reflector with a smaller secondary reflector placed in front of the primary reflector. This design allows for a wider beamwidth and better focusing of the signal, making it suitable for military communication applications. The 26-inch size refers to the diameter of the dish, indicating its larger size compared to the 16-inch dish option.

Explanation

The Cassegrain 26-inch dish is used on the military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) EHF and UHF airborne command post terminals. Cassegrain antennas are a type of EHF antenna that use a parabolic reflector with a smaller secondary reflector placed in front of the primary reflector. This design allows for a wider beamwidth and better focusing of the signal, making it suitable for military communication applications. The 26-inch size refers to the diameter of the dish, indicating its larger size compared to the 16-inch dish option.

70. Digital voice orderwire traffic that originates at the AN/TRC–170's voice orderwire control unit, is encrypted by the

KY–68.

KY-58.

KY–84.

KY–81.

The correct answer is KY-58. The KY-58 is used to encrypt digital voice orderwire traffic originating from the AN/TRC-170's voice orderwire control unit. This encryption ensures that the communication is secure and cannot be easily intercepted or understood by unauthorized individuals.

Explanation

The correct answer is KY-58. The KY-58 is used to encrypt digital voice orderwire traffic originating from the AN/TRC-170's voice orderwire control unit. This encryption ensures that the communication is secure and cannot be easily intercepted or understood by unauthorized individuals.

71. Which unit in the AN/TRC–170 terminal contains the rubidium standard?

Electrical synthesizer.

Frequency subsystem.

Tropospheric scatter modem.

Transmitter-amplifier converter.

The rubidium standard is a highly accurate and stable clock source used for precise timing and synchronization in communication systems. In the AN/TRC-170 terminal, the rubidium standard is contained within the tropospheric scatter modem unit. This unit is responsible for transmitting and receiving signals over long distances via tropospheric scatter communication, and it utilizes the rubidium standard to ensure accurate timing and synchronization of these signals.

Explanation

The rubidium standard is a highly accurate and stable clock source used for precise timing and synchronization in communication systems. In the AN/TRC-170 terminal, the rubidium standard is contained within the tropospheric scatter modem unit. This unit is responsible for transmitting and receiving signals over long distances via tropospheric scatter communication, and it utilizes the rubidium standard to ensure accurate timing and synchronization of these signals.

72. In the AN/GSC–52, the upconverter or downconverter normally dedicated to automatic switchover is in rack position number

1.

2.

7.

8.

In the AN/GSC-52, the upconverter or downconverter normally dedicated to automatic switchover is in rack position number 8.

Explanation

In the AN/GSC-52, the upconverter or downconverter normally dedicated to automatic switchover is in rack position number 8.

73. Telecommunications circuit restoration is normally done by

The user.

Rerouting to spare channels.

Demand within five minutes of circuit failure.

Automatic fault location equipment.

Telecommunications circuit restoration is typically done by rerouting to spare channels. When a circuit fails, the system automatically redirects the communication flow to alternative channels that are available for use. This allows for uninterrupted service and ensures that users can continue their communication without any significant disruptions. By utilizing spare channels, the telecommunications network can quickly restore connectivity and maintain a reliable and efficient service for its users.

Explanation

Telecommunications circuit restoration is typically done by rerouting to spare channels. When a circuit fails, the system automatically redirects the communication flow to alternative channels that are available for use. This allows for uninterrupted service and ensures that users can continue their communication without any significant disruptions. By utilizing spare channels, the telecommunications network can quickly restore connectivity and maintain a reliable and efficient service for its users.

74. Automatic tracking systems are superior to programmed tracking systems because they

Use servomechanisms to control antenna movements.

Track only signals received from the satellite.

Track the actual position of the satellite.

Use updated ephemeris data.

Automatic tracking systems are superior to programmed tracking systems because they track only signals received from the satellite. This means that they are able to precisely follow the movements and position of the satellite in real-time, ensuring accurate tracking. Programmed tracking systems, on the other hand, may rely on pre-determined instructions or algorithms, which may not always account for changes in the satellite's position or movement. By tracking only signals received from the satellite, automatic tracking systems can provide more reliable and up-to-date information.

Explanation

Automatic tracking systems are superior to programmed tracking systems because they track only signals received from the satellite. This means that they are able to precisely follow the movements and position of the satellite in real-time, ensuring accurate tracking. Programmed tracking systems, on the other hand, may rely on pre-determined instructions or algorithms, which may not always account for changes in the satellite's position or movement. By tracking only signals received from the satellite, automatic tracking systems can provide more reliable and up-to-date information.

75. The super-high frequency (SHF) downlink frequency range of the Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) is

7.25 to 7.75 MHz.

7.25 to 7.75 GHz.

7.9 to 8.4 MHz.

7.9 to 8.4 GHz.

The correct answer is 7.25 to 7.75 GHz. The Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) operates in the super-high frequency (SHF) range, which typically refers to frequencies between 3 and 30 GHz. Therefore, the frequency range of 7.25 to 7.75 GHz falls within this SHF range and is the correct answer. The other frequency ranges mentioned (MHz) are not within the SHF range and therefore not applicable to the DSCS.

Explanation

The correct answer is 7.25 to 7.75 GHz. The Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) operates in the super-high frequency (SHF) range, which typically refers to frequencies between 3 and 30 GHz. Therefore, the frequency range of 7.25 to 7.75 GHz falls within this SHF range and is the correct answer. The other frequency ranges mentioned (MHz) are not within the SHF range and therefore not applicable to the DSCS.

76. The AN/GSC–52 earth terminal uses a

Front-feed 38-foot antenna.

Front feed 60-foot antenna.

Cassegrain feed 38-foot antenna.

Cassegrain feed 60-foot antenna.

The correct answer is Cassegrain feed 38-foot antenna. The AN/GSC-52 earth terminal utilizes a Cassegrain feed system, which is a type of antenna design commonly used in satellite communication systems. The 38-foot antenna refers to the size of the dish used in the earth terminal.

Explanation

The correct answer is Cassegrain feed 38-foot antenna. The AN/GSC-52 earth terminal utilizes a Cassegrain feed system, which is a type of antenna design commonly used in satellite communication systems. The 38-foot antenna refers to the size of the dish used in the earth terminal.

77. What provides command and control (C2) operations for the space segment?

Space monitor station.

Master control station.

Ground antennas.

Monitor station.

The master control station is responsible for providing command and control operations for the space segment. It is the central hub that manages and controls all the activities and functions of the space segment. It coordinates and monitors the operation of satellites, controls their movements, and ensures their proper functioning. The master control station plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall command and control of the space segment.

Explanation

The master control station is responsible for providing command and control operations for the space segment. It is the central hub that manages and controls all the activities and functions of the space segment. It coordinates and monitors the operation of satellites, controls their movements, and ensures their proper functioning. The master control station plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall command and control of the space segment.

78. Encoding/decoding of a digital signal

Quadruples the data rate.

Increases the signal-to-noise-ratio.

Decreases the signal-to-noise-ratio.

Enhances the link bit error rate.

Encoding/decoding of a digital signal refers to the process of converting the signal into a different format for transmission and then converting it back to its original format upon reception. This process introduces additional complexity and can result in errors during transmission, leading to an increased bit error rate. Therefore, the correct answer is that encoding/decoding enhances the link bit error rate.

Explanation

Encoding/decoding of a digital signal refers to the process of converting the signal into a different format for transmission and then converting it back to its original format upon reception. This process introduces additional complexity and can result in errors during transmission, leading to an increased bit error rate. Therefore, the correct answer is that encoding/decoding enhances the link bit error rate.

79. Command communications service designators (CCSD) are divided into two classes, what are they?

Continental United States (CONUS) and overseas.

Primary and secondary.

Permanent and temporary.

Terrestrial and extra-terrestrial.

CCSDs are divided into two classes: permanent and temporary. This means that there are certain command communications service designators that are established permanently for specific purposes, while others are temporary and only used for a limited period of time. This classification helps in organizing and managing communication services effectively, ensuring that there is a distinction between long-term and short-term needs.

Explanation

CCSDs are divided into two classes: permanent and temporary. This means that there are certain command communications service designators that are established permanently for specific purposes, while others are temporary and only used for a limited period of time. This classification helps in organizing and managing communication services effectively, ensuring that there is a distinction between long-term and short-term needs.

80. What system supports the National Command Authority and provides all-service (Army, Navy and Air Force) communication for interoperable command, control, and communications (C3) at all levels of conflict?

Defense Support Program.

Global Positioning System.

Military Strategic and Tactical Relay.

Defense Satellite Communications System.

The Military Strategic and Tactical Relay system supports the National Command Authority and provides communication for interoperable command, control, and communications at all levels of conflict. This system is designed to facilitate communication between the Army, Navy, and Air Force, ensuring effective coordination and decision-making in various conflict scenarios. The Defense Support Program, Global Positioning System, and Defense Satellite Communications System may have other functions, but they do not specifically support the National Command Authority and all-service communication for interoperable C3.

Explanation

The Military Strategic and Tactical Relay system supports the National Command Authority and provides communication for interoperable command, control, and communications at all levels of conflict. This system is designed to facilitate communication between the Army, Navy, and Air Force, ensuring effective coordination and decision-making in various conflict scenarios. The Defense Support Program, Global Positioning System, and Defense Satellite Communications System may have other functions, but they do not specifically support the National Command Authority and all-service communication for interoperable C3.

81. Which agency provides the regional satellite communications (Regional SATCOM) support center with resource allocation parameters?

Commander, United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS).

Defense Information Systems Agency Operations Control Complex (DOCC).

The correct answer is Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). DISA provides the regional satellite communications (Regional SATCOM) support center with resource allocation parameters. DISA is responsible for providing information technology and communications support to the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government agencies. They oversee the planning, development, and management of satellite communications systems, including allocating resources to regional SATCOM support centers. DISA's role in resource allocation makes them the agency that provides the support center with these parameters.

Explanation

The correct answer is Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). DISA provides the regional satellite communications (Regional SATCOM) support center with resource allocation parameters. DISA is responsible for providing information technology and communications support to the Department of Defense (DoD) and other government agencies. They oversee the planning, development, and management of satellite communications systems, including allocating resources to regional SATCOM support centers. DISA's role in resource allocation makes them the agency that provides the support center with these parameters.

82. Which satellite system provides Global Broadcast Services (GBS)?

Global positioning satellite (GPS).

Defense Meteorological.

Commercial L-band.

Ultrahigh frequency (UHF) Follow-on.

The correct answer is Ultrahigh frequency (UHF) Follow-on. The UHF Follow-on satellite system provides Global Broadcast Services (GBS). This system is designed to provide worldwide coverage and support to the U.S. military forces by delivering high-capacity, wideband communications for a variety of applications, including GBS. The UHF Follow-on satellites operate in the UHF frequency range, which allows for efficient and reliable communication over long distances. Therefore, this system is the correct answer for the question.

Explanation

The correct answer is Ultrahigh frequency (UHF) Follow-on. The UHF Follow-on satellite system provides Global Broadcast Services (GBS). This system is designed to provide worldwide coverage and support to the U.S. military forces by delivering high-capacity, wideband communications for a variety of applications, including GBS. The UHF Follow-on satellites operate in the UHF frequency range, which allows for efficient and reliable communication over long distances. Therefore, this system is the correct answer for the question.

83. An effective global information grid (GIG) quality control program consists of all of the following except

Out-of-service performance monitoring.

In-service performance monitoring.

Out-of-service testing.

Trend analysis.

An effective global information grid (GIG) quality control program includes in-service performance monitoring, out-of-service testing, and trend analysis. Out-of-service performance monitoring is not included because it refers to monitoring the performance of the system when it is not in use or out of service, which is not a necessary component of a quality control program.

Explanation

An effective global information grid (GIG) quality control program includes in-service performance monitoring, out-of-service testing, and trend analysis. Out-of-service performance monitoring is not included because it refers to monitoring the performance of the system when it is not in use or out of service, which is not a necessary component of a quality control program.

84. What information is used for satellite tracking on an AN/GSC–52 earth terminal operating in the memory track mode?

Beacon signal.

Recorded data.

Ephemerous data.

Communications signal.

The information used for satellite tracking on an AN/GSC-52 earth terminal operating in the memory track mode is recorded data. This means that the terminal relies on previously recorded data to track the satellite, rather than using real-time data or signals from the satellite itself. This recorded data could include information about the satellite's orbit, position, and other relevant parameters that allow the terminal to accurately track and communicate with the satellite.

Explanation

The information used for satellite tracking on an AN/GSC-52 earth terminal operating in the memory track mode is recorded data. This means that the terminal relies on previously recorded data to track the satellite, rather than using real-time data or signals from the satellite itself. This recorded data could include information about the satellite's orbit, position, and other relevant parameters that allow the terminal to accurately track and communicate with the satellite.

85. Which division technique of multiplexing, samples each low speed channel in sequence to interleave bits or characters, and then transmit them at high speed?

Wavelength.

Frequency.

Code.

Time.

Time division multiplexing (TDM) is a division technique of multiplexing that samples each low-speed channel in sequence to interleave bits or characters and then transmits them at high speed. In TDM, each channel is allocated a specific time slot within a predefined time frame, allowing multiple channels to share the same transmission medium. This enables efficient utilization of the available bandwidth and ensures that each channel gets its turn to transmit data. Therefore, the correct answer is Time.

Explanation

Time division multiplexing (TDM) is a division technique of multiplexing that samples each low-speed channel in sequence to interleave bits or characters and then transmits them at high speed. In TDM, each channel is allocated a specific time slot within a predefined time frame, allowing multiple channels to share the same transmission medium. This enables efficient utilization of the available bandwidth and ensures that each channel gets its turn to transmit data. Therefore, the correct answer is Time.

86. Which agency is responsible for Defense Support Program (DSP) operational control?

HQ Air Force Space Command (AFSPC).

HQ AFPC (10 AF).

Space Air Force (SPACEAF) (14 AF).

United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) Commander (CC).

The Space Air Force (SPACEAF) (14 AF) is responsible for Defense Support Program (DSP) operational control.

Explanation

The Space Air Force (SPACEAF) (14 AF) is responsible for Defense Support Program (DSP) operational control.

87. Which element of the military strategic and tactical relay (MILSTAR) mission allocates communication resources?

Development.

Planning.

Support.

Control.

The element of the MILSTAR mission that allocates communication resources is planning. Planning involves the process of determining the specific communication resources needed for the mission, such as frequency bands, satellite channels, and bandwidth allocation. This element is responsible for coordinating and organizing the communication resources to ensure efficient and effective communication during military operations.

Explanation

The element of the MILSTAR mission that allocates communication resources is planning. Planning involves the process of determining the specific communication resources needed for the mission, such as frequency bands, satellite channels, and bandwidth allocation. This element is responsible for coordinating and organizing the communication resources to ensure efficient and effective communication during military operations.

88. This type of command, sent to the satellite by the space systems mission control complex, contains embedded timing that specifies the time the satellite will execute the command.

Real-time.

Time-delayed.

Timed program.

Stored program.

A stored program is the correct answer because it refers to a command that is stored in the satellite's system and executed at a specified time. This means that the command is not sent in real-time but is instead programmed in advance with embedded timing. The other options, such as real-time or time-delayed, do not accurately describe the nature of the command as specified in the question.

Explanation

A stored program is the correct answer because it refers to a command that is stored in the satellite's system and executed at a specified time. This means that the command is not sent in real-time but is instead programmed in advance with embedded timing. The other options, such as real-time or time-delayed, do not accurately describe the nature of the command as specified in the question.

89. What comprises a telemetry data stream?

Mission data, mission satellite health, and status data.

Command data, mission satellite health, and status data.

Mission data, satellite ephemeris table, and satellite status data.

Command data, satellite ephemeris table, and satellite status data.

A telemetry data stream is composed of mission data, mission satellite health, and status data. This means that the stream includes information about the mission objectives and goals, as well as the overall health and status of the satellite involved in the mission. By monitoring and analyzing this data, scientists and engineers can gather important insights into the progress and performance of the mission, allowing them to make informed decisions and adjustments as necessary.

Explanation

A telemetry data stream is composed of mission data, mission satellite health, and status data. This means that the stream includes information about the mission objectives and goals, as well as the overall health and status of the satellite involved in the mission. By monitoring and analyzing this data, scientists and engineers can gather important insights into the progress and performance of the mission, allowing them to make informed decisions and adjustments as necessary.

90. Telemetry refers to

A low power signal transmitted from the satellite and is separate from the communicationscomponents.

A low power signal transmitted from the satellite and is part of the communicationscomponents.

The data transmitted by the satellite concerning on-board status and is separate from thecommunications components.

The data transmitted by the satellite concerning on-board status and is part of thecommunications components.

Telemetry refers to the data transmitted by the satellite concerning on-board status and is separate from the communications components. This means that telemetry is a separate signal from the satellite that carries information about the satellite's status, such as its location, temperature, and other relevant data. It is not part of the communications components, which are responsible for transmitting messages and data to and from the satellite.

Explanation

Telemetry refers to the data transmitted by the satellite concerning on-board status and is separate from the communications components. This means that telemetry is a separate signal from the satellite that carries information about the satellite's status, such as its location, temperature, and other relevant data. It is not part of the communications components, which are responsible for transmitting messages and data to and from the satellite.

91. Which of the following is not used to control the AN/GSC–52 earth terminal?

Remote terminal processor (RTP).

External control element.

Internal control element.

Terminal processor (TP).

The AN/GSC-52 earth terminal is controlled using various components, including the remote terminal processor (RTP), external control element, and terminal processor (TP). However, the internal control element is not used to control the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal.

Explanation

The AN/GSC-52 earth terminal is controlled using various components, including the remote terminal processor (RTP), external control element, and terminal processor (TP). However, the internal control element is not used to control the AN/GSC-52 earth terminal.

92. The two major subdivisions of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) user segment are

Air Force Weather Agency and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center andtactical terminals.

Air Force Weather Agency and Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center only.

Air Force Weather Agency and National Oceanographic Atmospheric Administration.

Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center and National Oceanographic AtmosphericAdministration and tactical terminals.

The correct answer is Air Force Weather Agency and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center and tactical terminals. This answer is correct because it includes both major subdivisions of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) user segment, which are the Air Force Weather Agency and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center. Additionally, it mentions the inclusion of tactical terminals, which are also part of the user segment.

Explanation

The correct answer is Air Force Weather Agency and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center and tactical terminals. This answer is correct because it includes both major subdivisions of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) user segment, which are the Air Force Weather Agency and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center. Additionally, it mentions the inclusion of tactical terminals, which are also part of the user segment.

93. What does the transmit/receive set do in the satellite readout station?

Transmits weather imagery to the satellite and receives telemetry data from the satellite on a2.2 to 2.3 gigahertz bandwidth.

Receives and processes downlink satellite signals, and generate and transmit uplink satellitecommanding and ranging signals.

Monitors precise range measurements from the satellite vehicle and recovers almanac datafrom transmitted signals to measure signal quality.

Receives and processes the transmit signal for the satellite, and generates and receivesdownlink satellite commanding and ranging signals.

The transmit/receive set in the satellite readout station is responsible for receiving and processing downlink satellite signals. It also generates and transmits uplink satellite commanding and ranging signals. This means that it is able to receive data and commands from the satellite and send signals back to the satellite for various purposes such as controlling its operations and determining its range.

Explanation

The transmit/receive set in the satellite readout station is responsible for receiving and processing downlink satellite signals. It also generates and transmits uplink satellite commanding and ranging signals. This means that it is able to receive data and commands from the satellite and send signals back to the satellite for various purposes such as controlling its operations and determining its range.

94. Which frequency is the intermediate frequency of the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio?

70 MHz with a 10 MHz bandpass.

70 MHz with a 20 MHz bandpass.

700 MHz with a 10 MHz bandpass.

700 MHz with a 20 MHz bandpass.

The intermediate frequency (IF) of the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio is 70 MHz with a 20 MHz bandpass. This means that the radio uses a frequency of 70 MHz as the intermediate frequency and has a bandpass of 20 MHz, which allows for a range of frequencies within that bandwidth to pass through. This specific combination of IF and bandpass is used in the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio.

Explanation

The intermediate frequency (IF) of the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio is 70 MHz with a 20 MHz bandpass. This means that the radio uses a frequency of 70 MHz as the intermediate frequency and has a bandpass of 20 MHz, which allows for a range of frequencies within that bandwidth to pass through. This specific combination of IF and bandpass is used in the Tropo/Satellite Support Radio.

95. Stability is important to a satellite in the space environment. What does stability allow that makes it so important?

Payload to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive commands and upload datareliably.

Payload to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive uploaded inertial reference anddata reliably.

Accelerometers to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive commands and uploaddata reliably.

Accelerometers to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive uploaded inertial referenceand data reliably.

Stability is important to a satellite in the space environment because it allows the payload to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive commands and upload data reliably. A stable satellite ensures that the payload, which could be scientific instruments or communication equipment, functions properly and provides accurate data. Additionally, stability ensures that the satellite bus, which controls the satellite's operations and communication, can effectively receive commands from the ground station and upload data back to Earth without any errors or interruptions.

Explanation

Stability is important to a satellite in the space environment because it allows the payload to operate accurately and the satellite bus to receive commands and upload data reliably. A stable satellite ensures that the payload, which could be scientific instruments or communication equipment, functions properly and provides accurate data. Additionally, stability ensures that the satellite bus, which controls the satellite's operations and communication, can effectively receive commands from the ground station and upload data back to Earth without any errors or interruptions.

96. Who is responsible for satellite launch support, orbit maintenance, and relocation?

Army Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC)/Army Forces Strategic Command(ARSTRAT).

Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

Air Force Space Command (AFSPC).

The Air Force Space Command (AFSPC) is responsible for satellite launch support, orbit maintenance, and relocation. This command within the United States Air Force is specifically tasked with the operation and control of military space assets. They oversee the launch of satellites into space, ensure their proper placement and functioning in orbit, and have the capability to relocate satellites if necessary. Their expertise and resources make them the appropriate entity to handle these responsibilities.

Explanation

The Air Force Space Command (AFSPC) is responsible for satellite launch support, orbit maintenance, and relocation. This command within the United States Air Force is specifically tasked with the operation and control of military space assets. They oversee the launch of satellites into space, ensure their proper placement and functioning in orbit, and have the capability to relocate satellites if necessary. Their expertise and resources make them the appropriate entity to handle these responsibilities.

97. The purpose of satellite antenna pointing data is to

Update the mission satellite orbital database and ephemeris table.

Update the mission satellite orbital database and satellite acquisition timing.

Direct the servo positioning equipment to drive motors that position the antenna to specificacquisition angles.

Direct the servo positioning equipment to position the antenna to specific acquisition angles,and command the ground equipment to execute autotracking.

The purpose of satellite antenna pointing data is to direct the servo positioning equipment to drive motors that position the antenna to specific acquisition angles. This means that the antenna needs to be accurately directed towards a specific angle in order to acquire the satellite signal. The servo positioning equipment is responsible for controlling the motors that physically move the antenna to the desired angles. Therefore, the pointing data is used to provide the necessary instructions to the servo positioning equipment, ensuring that the antenna is properly aligned for satellite acquisition.

Explanation

The purpose of satellite antenna pointing data is to direct the servo positioning equipment to drive motors that position the antenna to specific acquisition angles. This means that the antenna needs to be accurately directed towards a specific angle in order to acquire the satellite signal. The servo positioning equipment is responsible for controlling the motors that physically move the antenna to the desired angles. Therefore, the pointing data is used to provide the necessary instructions to the servo positioning equipment, ensuring that the antenna is properly aligned for satellite acquisition.

98. What is the purpose of the global positioning system (GPS) ground antenna?

Interface between the master control station and user sets.

Interface between the master control station and the satellites.

Provide all commanding and resources to process the satellite telemetry.

Provide all tracking and resources to process the monitor station downlinked telemetry.

The purpose of the GPS ground antenna is to serve as an interface between the master control station and the satellites. It allows the master control station to communicate with and control the satellites, ensuring proper functioning of the GPS system. The ground antenna receives signals from the satellites and transmits commands and data to them, enabling the system to accurately determine and relay location information to users.

Explanation

The purpose of the GPS ground antenna is to serve as an interface between the master control station and the satellites. It allows the master control station to communicate with and control the satellites, ensuring proper functioning of the GPS system. The ground antenna receives signals from the satellites and transmits commands and data to them, enabling the system to accurately determine and relay location information to users.

99. Which global positioning system (GPS) operation control segment component is remotely operated and also transmits and receives telemetry to and from the satellites?

Monitor station.

Ground antenna.

Master control station.

Transmit ground station.

The ground antenna is the component of the GPS operation control segment that is remotely operated and is responsible for transmitting and receiving telemetry to and from the satellites. It acts as a communication link between the satellites and the control segment, allowing for the monitoring and control of the GPS system. The other options mentioned, such as the monitor station, master control station, and transmit ground station, do not fulfill the criteria of being remotely operated and transmitting and receiving telemetry to and from the satellites.

Explanation

The ground antenna is the component of the GPS operation control segment that is remotely operated and is responsible for transmitting and receiving telemetry to and from the satellites. It acts as a communication link between the satellites and the control segment, allowing for the monitoring and control of the GPS system. The other options mentioned, such as the monitor station, master control station, and transmit ground station, do not fulfill the criteria of being remotely operated and transmitting and receiving telemetry to and from the satellites.

100. What agency plans and executes satellite tracking and ephemeris data generation?

Commander, United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM).

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS).

Defense Information Systems Agency Operations Control Complex (DOCC).

The agency responsible for planning and executing satellite tracking and ephemeris data generation is the Commander, United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). This agency is specifically tasked with the mission of providing global situational awareness and command and control for all U.S. military forces, including satellite tracking and ephemeris data generation. They are responsible for tracking and monitoring satellites in order to ensure accurate and up-to-date information on their positions and movements.

Explanation

The agency responsible for planning and executing satellite tracking and ephemeris data generation is the Commander, United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). This agency is specifically tasked with the mission of providing global situational awareness and command and control for all U.S. military forces, including satellite tracking and ephemeris data generation. They are responsible for tracking and monitoring satellites in order to ensure accurate and up-to-date information on their positions and movements.

101. What is the purpose of the space system user segment?

Receive, process, use, or distribute mission data as required by a program’s tasking.

Receive, process, use, or distribute payload data and provide essential space support tasks asrequired by a program’s tasking.

Transmit, process, use, or distribute mission data as required by a program’s tasking.

Transmit, process, use, or distribute payload data and provide essential space support tasks asrequired by a program’s tasking.

The purpose of the space system user segment is to receive, process, use, or distribute mission data as required by a program's tasking. This means that the user segment is responsible for handling and managing the data related to the program's mission. It may involve receiving data from other segments, processing it, using it for various purposes, and distributing it as needed. The user segment plays a crucial role in ensuring that the mission data is utilized effectively and efficiently to achieve the program's objectives.

Explanation

The purpose of the space system user segment is to receive, process, use, or distribute mission data as required by a program's tasking. This means that the user segment is responsible for handling and managing the data related to the program's mission. It may involve receiving data from other segments, processing it, using it for various purposes, and distributing it as needed. The user segment plays a crucial role in ensuring that the mission data is utilized effectively and efficiently to achieve the program's objectives.