Daily Science Final Test

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During respiration, the Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria. The Krebs cycle is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells, and it is an essential part of cellular respiration. It is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP, which is used by the cell for various metabolic processes. Therefore, the correct answer is "মাইটোকনড্রিয়ায়" (in the mitochondria).

রাফিনোজ একটি ডিসাকারাইড ক্যারবোহাইড্রেট যা পলিস্যাকারাইড নয়। এটি একটি ডিসাকারাইড কারণ এটি দুটি মণ্ডল গ্লুকোজ মধ্যে সংযুক্ত হয়ে থাকে, যা পলিস্যাকারাইডের বৈশিষ্ট্য নয়। আরও পলিস্যাকারাইড সমূহ যেমন গ্লাইকোজেন, সেলুলোজ এবং স্টার্চ পলিস্যাকারাইড হিসাবে পরিচিত।

The given options represent different types of sugars. Among them, fructose is the correct answer.

The question asks which material has the highest durability. The correct answer is "হীরা" (diamond), as it is known to be the hardest material and has high resistance to damage or wear.

The correct answer states that watching TV in a dark room is not recommended because it creates a complete internal reflection in the eyes. This means that the light from the TV screen reflects back into the eyes without any loss, causing strain and discomfort.

প্রেসবায়োপিয়া হলে চোখের সমস্যা যা চোখের উপযোজন ক্ষমতা কমিয়ে দেয়। এটি হলে দূরের বস্তুগুলি স্পষ্টভাবে দেখা যায় না এবং সামগ্রিকভাবে চোখের ভালো দেখা কমে যায়। প্রেসবায়োপিয়ার কারণ হতে পারে চোখের লেন্সের কার্বনাইট এক্সকারশন বা চোখের সংক্রমণের সমস্যা।

Among the given options, the most harmful radiation for living organisms is ionizing radiation, which includes high-energy particles such as gamma rays and X-rays. These types of radiation have enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, causing damage to DNA and other cellular structures. Therefore, the correct answer is "অতিবেগুনি রশ্মি" which translates to "ionizing radiation" in English.

The correct answer is "সূর্য ও পৃথিবীর মধ্যে চাঁদ অবস্থান করে" which means "The moon is located between the sun and the earth." This answer states the correct position of the moon in relation to the sun and the earth during a solar eclipse. It is the moon that comes in between the sun and the earth, causing a solar eclipse.

The other options involve determining the presence or characteristics of sound waves. However, determining the depth of the sea does not involve the application of sound waves.

The given question describes a device that is created by joining two ends of two different metals and generates a temperature difference when an electric current flows through it. This device is called a thermocouple. A thermocouple is commonly used for temperature measurement and is based on the principle of the Seebeck effect, which states that a temperature difference between two junctions of dissimilar metals generates a voltage. Therefore, the correct answer is "থার্মোকাপল" (thermocouple).

When pressure increases, the volume of a substance decreases. This is known as Boyle's Law. Therefore, when pressure increases, the substance becomes more compact and its volume decreases.

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The correct answer is "সোডিয়াম, ক্রোমিয়াম, ম্যাঙ্গানিজ" which translates to "Sodium, Chromium, Manganese" in English. These elements (sodium, chromium, and manganese) are paramagnetic substances, meaning they are attracted to magnetic fields but do not retain their magnetism once the field is removed.

The given answer states that the lines create an open curved line. The other options mention that the lines are always generated from the North Pole to the South Pole, they apply lateral pressure on each other, and they never intersect. However, none of these options indicate that the lines create an open curved line. Therefore, the correct answer is that the lines create an open curved line.

This answer states that a step-up transformer converts high electrical current to low electrical current. However, the question asks for a characteristic that is NOT true for a step-down transformer. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.

When the cross-sectional area of a metallic substance decreases, its electrical resistance increases. This is because the electrons have less space to move through, leading to more collisions with atoms and thus increased resistance. Therefore, when the area increases, the electrical resistance decreases, allowing for easier flow of electric current.

The question asks for the first spacecraft sent to Jupiter. The correct answer is Galileo. Galileo was a NASA spacecraft that was launched in 1989 and reached Jupiter in 1995. It spent several years studying the planet and its moons before being intentionally crashed into Jupiter's atmosphere in 2003.

In a galvanic cell, the cathode is where reduction occurs, meaning it gains electrons and becomes negatively charged. Therefore, the statement "ক্যাথোড ঋণাত্মক চার্জযুক্ত হয়ে থাকে" (The cathode is negatively charged) is incorrect.

If four 100 watt bulbs are burned for 5 hours, the total energy consumed can be calculated by multiplying the power of each bulb by the number of hours they are burned. In this case, the total energy consumed is 100 watts * 4 bulbs * 5 hours = 2000 watt-hours or 2 units of electricity. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 units.

The journey of electronics began with the discovery of the vacuum tube. The vacuum tube was the first device that allowed the amplification and control of electrical signals. It played a crucial role in the development of early electronic devices such as radios and televisions. The discovery of the vacuum tube paved the way for further advancements in electronics, leading to the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and computers. Therefore, the correct answer is "ভ্যাকিউম টিউব আবিষ্কারের মাধ্যমে" (through the discovery of the vacuum tube).

When the air pressure decreases, the column of the barometer rises. This is because the weight of the air above the column decreases, causing the column to rise in order to maintain equilibrium. Therefore, the statement that "বায়ুর চাপ কমলে ব্যারোমিটারের পারদ স্তম্ভের উচ্চতা বাড়ে" (when the air pressure decreases, the height of the barometer column increases) is correct.

ডায়োডকে সুইচ হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয় না। ডায়োড একটি অর্ধপরিবাহী উপাদান যা তড়িৎ প্রবাহ শুধুমাত্র একমুখী করে এবং প্রবাহ একদিকের মাত্র হতে দেয়। আরওয়াল, ডায়োডকে রেক্টিফায়ার হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয় যাতে এটি একমুখী প্রবাহ নির্মাণ করে এবং তড়িৎ সম্পূর্ণভাবে একমুখী হয়।

The correct answer is "গ্রুপ IV + গ্রুপ V". In the periodic table, elements in Group IV have four valence electrons, while elements in Group V have five valence electrons. When elements from these two groups combine, they can share or transfer electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration. This combination results in the formation of n-type semiconductors, which have an excess of electrons and can conduct electricity. Therefore, the combination of Group IV and Group V elements is used to create n-type semiconductors.

The question asks for the element that is not a noble gas. Throrium, Francium, and Radon are all noble gases. However, Platinum is not a noble gas.

কয়লা is not a renewable source of energy. It is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Once it is burned, it cannot be replaced. In contrast, বায়োমাস and বায়োফুয়েল are derived from organic matter and can be replenished. পারমাণবিক শক্তি, on the other hand, is generated through nuclear reactions.

Fusion is the process in which multiple atoms combine to form a new atom. This process occurs in stars and nuclear reactors. The given answer states that multiple atoms combine to form a new atom, which accurately describes the fusion process.

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When an impurity is added to a solid, it disrupts the regular arrangement of its particles, making it difficult for them to move freely and causing a decrease in the melting point. On the other hand, the impurity increases the boiling point of the substance because it creates additional intermolecular forces between the impurity and the particles of the solid, making it harder for the particles to escape into the gas phase. Therefore, the correct answer is that the melting point decreases and the boiling point increases when an impurity is added to a solid.

আইসোটোপ হলো এমন পারমাণবিক মৌল যাদের পারমাণবিক সংখ্যা এবং পারমাণবিক ভর সংখ্যা সমান থাকে, কিন্তু তাদের নিউট্রন সংখ্যা ভিন্ন হতে পারে। আর এদের নামকরণ সাধারণত পারমাণবিক ভর সংখ্যার ভিত্তিতে হয়। তাই এই ক্ষেত্রে এরা ভিন্ন মৌলের হয়।

The correct answer is "১ মোল গাঢ় নাইট্রিক এসিড ও ৩ মোল গাঢ় হাইড্রোক্লোরিক এসিডের মিশ্রণ". This is because aqua regia is a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 1:3. Aqua regia is a highly corrosive and powerful mixture that is used to dissolve noble metals, such as gold and platinum.

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HClO4 is the most powerful acid among the given options. This is because it is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water, releasing a high concentration of H+ ions. HClO4 has a very low pKa value, indicating a high acidity. It is also highly reactive and can easily donate a proton to a base. Therefore, HClO4 is considered to be the strongest acid among the given options.

জারণ একটি বিক্রিয়া যা অ্যানোডে সম্পন্ন হয়। জারণে, অ্যানোডে ইলেকট্রন হারানো হয় এবং অক্সিজেন প্রতিস্থাপন পায়। এই প্রক্রিয়ায় অ্যানোডের পার্থক্য কমতে থাকে এবং অ্যানোড ধীরে ধীরে হিসাবে খসে যায়। জারণ হলে অ্যানোডের জীবনকাল কম হয় এবং তার পারদর্শিতা কম হয়।

Oxygen is the most abundant element on the Earth's surface. It makes up about 46% of the Earth's crust by mass. It is found in various forms such as oxides, silicates, and minerals. Oxygen is essential for supporting life and plays a crucial role in many chemical and biological processes. Therefore, out of the given options, oxygen is the element that is present in the highest quantity on the Earth's surface.

Calcium phosphate is the compound that is most abundant among the given inorganic substances. This can be inferred from the fact that calcium phosphate is listed twice in the options, while the other substances are only listed once. Therefore, it can be concluded that calcium phosphate has the highest quantity among the given substances.

লিগামেন্ট হলো একধরনের সংযোগবদ্ধ ঊর্ব্বশীর্ষ কোষসমূহ, যা অস্থির সাথে যুক্ত থাকে। অস্থিকে অস্থির সাথে যুক্ত করার জন্য লিগামেন্ট কাজ করে।

The hormone released from the alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas is glucagon. Glucagon plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. It acts in opposition to insulin, which lowers blood sugar levels.

The hypothalamus controls various bodily functions, including emotions, body temperature, hunger, and thirst. It also plays a role in regulating the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Therefore, it can be inferred that the hypothalamus is responsible for controlling the sense of touch.

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The carotid artery supplies oxygenated blood to the brain.

The correct answer is "ক্যারোলাস লিনিয়াস" (Carolus Linnaeus). Species Plantarum is a book written by Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, in 1753. This book is considered one of the most important works in the field of botanical taxonomy as it introduced a standardized system for naming and classifying plants. Linnaeus' system of binomial nomenclature is still widely used in biology today.

Histology is the study of tissues. Tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function in the body. This field of study involves examining the structure, composition, and function of different types of tissues. It helps in understanding the organization and arrangement of cells in tissues and how they contribute to the overall functioning of organs and systems in the body.

The correct answer is "বিটা সায়ানিন" which means "beta carotene" in English. Beta carotene is responsible for the purple color of the eggplant.

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The correct answer is "সাইটোকাইনেসিস" which means cytokinesis in English. Cytokinesis refers to the process of cell division, specifically the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. This process occurs after the nuclear division (mitosis or meiosis) and is essential for the growth and development of organisms. The other options mentioned (মেটাকাইনেসিস, ইন্টারকাইনেসিস, ক্যারিওকাইনেসিস) are not the correct terms for the division of the cytoplasm during cell division.

The question asks which of the options is a DNA virus. The correct answer is "হেপাটাইটিস বি" (Hepatitis B), as it is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a DNA virus.