Mitosis And Meiosis Quiz Questions And Answers
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What do you know about cell division processes? Choose the appropriate answers to all questions and test your knowledge about mitosis and meiosis in the quiz below. Meiosis and mitosis are two different processes with different functions. Meiosis is required for genetic variation and to maintain the continuity of life on earth, whereas mitosis is a fundamental process for life. Can you differentiate between these two? Can you identify their different phases by observing the diagram? Let's check all these things with this quiz.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which is not a phase of mitosis?
- A.
Anaphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Prephase
- D.
Metaphase
Correct Answer
C. PrephaseExplanation
Prephase is not a phase of mitosis. Mitosis consists of four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible. In metaphase, the chromosomes align along the equatorial plane of the cell. Anaphase is the phase where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes. Prephase is not a recognized phase in mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 2.
During which phase does the cell prepare for division?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Telophase
- D.
Metaphase
Correct Answer
A. InterphaseExplanation
Interphase is the correct answer because it is the phase in the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. During interphase, the cell undergoes growth, DNA replication, and prepares the necessary materials for cell division. This phase is essential for ensuring that the cell has enough resources and genetic material to divide into two daughter cells successfully. Prophase, telophase, and metaphase are all stages that occur during mitosis, which is the actual process of cell division, and do not involve the preparation of the cell for division.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The final phase of Mitosis is called:
- A.
Metaphase
- B.
Dolophase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
D. TelophaseExplanation
The final phase of mitosis is called telophase. During telophase, the chromosomes have reached opposite poles of the cell and begin to decondense. Nuclear envelopes start to form around each set of chromosomes, creating two separate nuclei. The spindle fibers disassemble, and the cell undergoes cytokinesis, dividing into two daughter cells. This phase marks the completion of cell division and the beginning of the interphase of the cell cycle.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Apoptosis is:
- A.
Programmed cell death
- B.
Another word for Interphase
- C.
A fungal infection of the epidermal lining of the human cheek
- D.
Cell division
Correct Answer
A. Programmed cell deathExplanation
Apoptosis refers to programmed cell death, which is a normal physiological process in which cells self-destruct. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as development, tissue homeostasis, and elimination of damaged or unwanted cells. This process is tightly regulated and involves a series of molecular events that ultimately lead to cell death. Unlike cell division, which involves the replication and division of cells, apoptosis is the opposite process and serves as a mechanism to remove unnecessary or harmful cells from the body.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate during which phase of Mitosis?
- A.
Anaphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
C. MetaphaseExplanation
During metaphase, the chromosomes align themselves along the equatorial plate of the cell. This alignment ensures that each chromosome is properly separated and distributed to the daughter cells during the subsequent stages of mitosis. The chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers at their centromeres, which helps in their proper alignment along the equatorial plate. Once the chromosomes are aligned, they are ready to be separated and pulled apart during anaphase. Therefore, metaphase is the correct phase of mitosis where the chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The number of chromosomes in a human cell is:
- A.
23
- B.
46
- C.
52
- D.
2
Correct Answer
B. 46Explanation
The number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46. This is because humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. Therefore, when these pairs are combined, the total number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46.Rate this question:
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- 7.
During which stage of Mitosis do chromatids separate to form two sets of daughter chromosomes?
- A.
Anaphase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Interphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
A. AnaphaseExplanation
During Anaphase, the chromatids, which are the replicated chromosomes, separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This process ensures that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of chromosomes. Therefore, Anaphase is the stage of Mitosis where chromatids separate to form two sets of daughter chromosomes.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Genetic information is transferred from parent to daughter cells through the:
- A.
Chromatid
- B.
Centromere
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer
C. NucleusExplanation
Genetic information is transferred from parent to daughter cells through the nucleus. The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which carries the genetic instructions necessary for cell function and development. During cell division, the DNA replicates and is passed on to the daughter cells through a process called mitosis. The nucleus plays a crucial role in maintaining and transmitting genetic information, making it the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which stage of Mitosis is depicted in the diagram below?
- A.
Metaphase
- B.
Telophase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Prophase
Correct Answer
C. AnaphaseExplanation
The correct answer is Anaphase because in the diagram, the chromosomes are seen separating and moving towards opposite poles of the cell. This is a characteristic feature of anaphase in mitosis, where the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell by the spindle fibers.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which phase of Mitosis is depicted in the diagram below?
- A.
Telophase
- B.
Anaphase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
A. TelophaseExplanation
The diagram shows a stage in which the chromosomes are beginning to decondense and two new nuclei are forming at opposite ends of the cell. This is characteristic of telophase, the final stage of mitosis. In telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes, and the cell undergoes cytokinesis to divide into two daughter cells.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which phase of Mitosis is depicted in the diagram below?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Anaphase
Correct Answer
B. ProphaseExplanation
The correct answer is Prophase because in the diagram, the chromosomes are condensing and becoming visible, the nuclear membrane is starting to break down, and the spindle fibers are forming. These are all characteristic events of prophase in mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 12.
During which phase of Meiosis does crossing-over occur?
- A.
Prophase I
- B.
Metaphase II
- C.
Anaphase I
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
A. Prophase IExplanation
During Prophase I of Meiosis, crossing-over occurs. This is the phase where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing-over or recombination. This genetic exchange leads to genetic variation and ensures the shuffling of genes between homologous chromosomes. It occurs before the separation of chromosomes during Anaphase I, making Prophase I the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 13.
How many daughter cells are formed in Meiosis?
- A.
2
- B.
4
- C.
6
- D.
8
Correct Answer
B. 4Explanation
In meiosis, a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms, four daughter cells are formed. This is because meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in the separation of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the chromosome number by half. Each of the four daughter cells produced at the end of meiosis is genetically unique and contains half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is 4.Rate this question:
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- 14.
After meiotic cell division, the number of chromosomes in daughter cells:
- A.
Increase
- B.
Decrease
- C.
Remain the same
- D.
It depends on the division.
Correct Answer
B. DecreaseExplanation
During meiotic cell division, the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells decreases. This is because meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This reduction in chromosome number is essential for sexual reproduction, as it ensures that when the sperm and egg cells combine during fertilization, the resulting zygote will have the correct number of chromosomes.Rate this question:
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- 15.
During which phase of Meiosis do chromosomes divide at the centromeres?
- A.
Anaphase II
- B.
Prophase II
- C.
Metaphase I
- D.
Metaphase II
Correct Answer
A. Anaphase IIExplanation
Anaphase II is the correct answer because during this phase of meiosis, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This separation occurs at the centromeres, which hold the two chromatids together. Therefore, chromosomes divide at the centromeres in Anaphase II. Prophase II is the phase where the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers form, Metaphase I is the phase where homologous chromosomes align at the cell's equator, and Metaphase II is the phase where sister chromatids align at the cell's equator.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Duplicated chromosomes are joined at the:
- A.
Chromosome
- B.
Centromere
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
Chromatid
Correct Answer
B. CentromereExplanation
Duplicated chromosomes are joined at the centromere. The centromere is a region on the chromosome where the sister chromatids are held together after DNA replication. It plays a crucial role in ensuring that the duplicated chromosomes are properly segregated during cell division. The centromere also serves as an attachment point for spindle fibers, which aid in the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Each half of a chromosome is called:
- A.
Centromere
- B.
Mitochondrion
- C.
Chromatid
- D.
Centrosome
Correct Answer
C. ChromatidExplanation
A chromatid is each half of a replicated chromosome, which are joined together by a centromere. During cell division, chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes. The other options, centromere, mitochondrion, and centrosome, do not refer to each half of a chromosome.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the correct order of classification?
- A.
Kingdom, Phylum, Genus, Species,Class, Order, Family
- B.
Kingdom, Class, Order, Genus, Species, Phylum, Family
- C.
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
- D.
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Genus, Species
Correct Answer
C. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, SpeciesExplanation
The correct order of classification is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. This order follows the hierarchical system of classification in biology, where each level represents a larger group encompassing smaller, more specific groups. The Kingdom is the highest level of classification, followed by Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This order allows for the organization and categorization of living organisms based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The systematic classification of living organisms is known as:
- A.
Phylogeny
- B.
Taxonomy
- C.
Classonomy
- D.
Dichotomy
Correct Answer
B. TaxonomyExplanation
Taxonomy is the correct answer because it refers to the systematic classification of living organisms. It involves organizing and categorizing organisms based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. This classification system helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how different species are related to each other. Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms, which is a component of taxonomy. Classonomy and dichotomy are not recognized terms in the field of biological classification.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The arrangements of objects, ideas, or information into groups where the members of each have one or more characteristics in common is called:
- A.
Melanation
- B.
Differentiation
- C.
Inclination
- D.
Classification
Correct Answer
D. ClassificationExplanation
The correct answer is classification because it refers to the process of organizing objects, ideas, or information into groups based on shared characteristics. This helps in understanding and categorizing things more efficiently and effectively. Melanation, differentiation, and inclination do not accurately describe this process.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following cells undergo meiosis?
- A.
Germ cells
- B.
Somatic cells
- C.
Both A and B
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Germ cellsExplanation
Germ cells undergo meiosis. Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in germ cells to produce gametes (sperm and eggs) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This is necessary for sexual reproduction to maintain the correct number of chromosomes in the offspring. Somatic cells, on the other hand, undergo mitosis, a type of cell division that produces identical copies of the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is germ cells.Rate this question:
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