How Do Cells Work Quiz

16 Questions | By Alfredhook3 | Updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Attempts: 148

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Do you know how plants prepare their food? Do you know how energy is transferred through cells? Find out the answers to all these questions in this interesting biology quiz. Understand more about biology and sharpen your skills!

Questions and Answers

1.

Prokaryotic cells
- A.
  
  Contain a small piece of linear DNA
- B.
  
  Contain ribosomes
- C.
  
  Combine to make larger organisms
- D.
  
  Are commonly bigger than eukaryotic cells
2.

Which of the following is not true regarding a plasma membrane?
- A.
  
  It is composed of two layers of phospholipids arranged with their hydrophilic ends pointing inwards.
- B.
  
  Protein channels span the width of the membrane and allow the transport of substances through them
- C.
  
  Lipid-soluble substances such as alcohol can diffuse through unhindered by the plasma membrane’s control system
- D.
  
  Molecules of cholesterol regulate the fluidity of the structure.
3.

The purpose of photosynthesis is to
- A.
  
  Convert glucose into a useable form of energy for the cell
- B.
  
  Harness the sun’s energy to convert inorganic nutrients such as water and carbon dioxide into organic nutrients
- C.
  
  Extract excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
- D.
  
  Convert the chemical energy from the sun into light energy.
4.

In eukaryotes, aerobic cellular respiration occurs in
- A.
  
  Ribosomes
- B.
  
  Chloroplasts
- C.
  
  Mitochondria
- D.
  
  Lungs
5.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the comparison of aerobic cellular respiration and fermentation?
- A.
  
  Aerobic respiration would be the primary source of energy when an organism is attempting to escape a predator
- B.
  
  Aerobic respiration is more efficient as it completely breaks down the glucose molecule and creates the maximum possible amount of ATP.
- C.
  
  Fermentation produces 10 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, whilst aerobic respiration produces 36–38 molecules of ATP
- D.
  
  Ermentation is a much slower process and is really only used when an organism is in grave danger
6.

The main component of a plasma membrane is
- A.
  
  Protein
- B.
  
  Carbohydrate
- C.
  
  Lipid
- D.
  
  Cholesterol
7.

Chlorophyll can absorb some wavelengths of light more effectively than others. It can most effectively absorb light that is
- A.
  
  Green
- B.
  
  White
- C.
  
  Yellow
- D.
  
  Blue
8.

After this time, which test tube would you expect to have shown the most digestion?
- A.
  
  B because the stomach is an acidic environment and protein digestion occurs here
- B.
  
  C because pepsin is the enzyme that digests protein and its optimum pH is acidic.
- C.
  
  D because it has the same conditions as C but the protein has a higher surface area to volume ratio for more efficient enzyme action
- D.
  
  D because it has the same conditions as C but the protein has a lower surface area to volume ratio for more efficient enzyme action
9.

The Cell Theory was developed in the mid-1800s as a result of the work of Schwann, Schleiden and Virchow. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Cell Theory?
- A.
  
  All living things are composed of groups of cells.
- B.
  
  Cells are the basic unit of life
- C.
  
  New cells are produced from existing cells
- D.
  
  Cells are organised structures
10.

A typical prokaryote cell is likely to demonstrate a
- A.
  
  Defined internal structure
- B.
  
  Nucleus that is not membrane-bound
- C.
  
  Single-stranded DNA molecule
- D.
  
  Membrane-bound organelles
11.

A sample of pond water contained many unicellular organisms, four of which are shown in the diagram. The pond water was placed in a glass beaker and supplied with nutrients over a period of 5 days. Which organism would be the most efficient (per unit volume per unit time) at absorbing nutrients?
- A.
  
  Organism Q
- B.
  
  Organism R
- C.
  
  Organism S
- D.
  
  Organism T
12.

A plasma membrane has the ability to allow the passage of some substances through it. The membrane is said to be
- A.
  
  Partially impermeable
- B.
  
  Impermeable
- C.
  
  Partially permeable
- D.
  
  Permeable
13.

Which organism would NOT contain this kind of structure?
- A.
  
  Animal
- B.
  
  Plant
- C.
  
  Algae
- D.
  
  Protist
14.

What is the most correct combination of various processes by which substances can cross cell membranes?
- A.
  
  Diffusion: along the concentration gradient Osmosis: movement of dissolved salts Active transport: requires energy
- B.
  
  Diffusion: Passive Osmosis: movement of water from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration Active transport: occurs through a protein channel
- C.
  
  Diffusion: requires energy Osmosis: movement of water Active transport: against the concentration gradient
- D.
  
  Diffusion: movement of a substance from a region of high to a region of low concentration Osmosis: occurs through a protein channel Active transport: along the concentration gradient
15.

In comparison to aerobic cellular respiration, fermentation
- A.
  
  Occurs in the presence of oxygen, produces less ATP and produces lactic acid in plants
- B.
  
  Occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces more ATP and produces ethanol in plants
- C.
  
  Occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces less ATP and produces lactic acid in animals
- D.
  
  Occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces less ATP and produces ethanol in animals
16.

These structures are the site of an energy transformation process essential to living organisms. The process which occurs can be summarised as
- A.
  
  C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
- B.
  
  C6H12O6 + 6CO2 → 6O2 + 6H2O
- C.
  
  6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- D.
  
  6CO2 + 6O2 → C6H12O6 + 6 H2O