Mic Exam 3 Practice Questions

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Quizzes Created: 7 | Total Attempts: 15,366

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1/69 Questions

Gram-negative bacilli can be zoonotic.
- True
- False

About This Quiz

The 'MIC Exam 3 Practice Questions' quiz tests knowledge on Gram-Negative Bacilli, focusing on common virulence factors, disease types, environmental niches, zoonotic potential, and classification. It's designed to enhance understanding of bacterial pathogenicity relevant to both academic and medical fields.

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2.

T/F: Gram negative bacilli cause the same types of disease..
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

False. They differ in the types of diseases they cause

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3.

Which gram-negative bacilli causes whooping cough?
- Bordetella pertussis
- Francisella tularemia
- Pasturella multocida
- H. influenzae
- Brucella species
Correct Answer

A. Bordetella pertussis

Explanation

Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, also known as pertussis. This gram-negative bacilli is responsible for the contagious respiratory infection that affects the airways and causes severe coughing fits. It is transmitted through respiratory droplets and primarily affects infants and young children. The characteristic "whooping" sound occurs when the infected person tries to inhale after a coughing episode.

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4.

What is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease?
- Enterobacteriaceae
- Helicobacter pylori
- Yersinia pestis
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer

A. Enterobacteriaceae

Explanation

4 billion infections per year; 3 million deaths per year; More morbidity than any other bacterial group

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5.

Which of the following bacteria is the cause for Bubonic Plague?
- Yersinia pestis
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
Correct Answer

A. Yersinia pestis

Explanation

It is spread by a flea bite… the Bacilli travel to lymph nodes… the infection results in swelling and pain… symptoms include high fever, chills, headache, nausea

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6.

H. . influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

H. influenzae is a bacterium that can cause various diseases, including respiratory tract infections, meningitis, and septicemia. It possesses endotoxins, which are molecules that can trigger inflammation in the body. When H. influenzae is present in the environment and enters the body, it can cause an immune response that leads to inflammation. Therefore, the statement that H. influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin is true.

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7.

H. influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

H. influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin. This means that the mere presence of H. influenzae can lead to inflammation in the body, which can result in various diseases. Endotoxins are substances released by certain bacteria, including H. influenzae, that can trigger an inflammatory response in the host. Therefore, it is true that H. influenzae can cause disease by being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin.

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8.

What causes meningitis?
- Encapsulated strain of H. influenzae
- Unencapsulated strain of H. influenzae
- Bordatella pertussis
- Fransicella tularensis
Correct Answer

A. Encapsulated strain of H. influenzae

Explanation

Meningitis is caused by the encapsulated strain of H. influenzae. This bacterium has a protective capsule that allows it to evade the immune system and invade the meninges, which are the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Infection with the encapsulated strain of H. influenzae can lead to inflammation of the meninges, resulting in meningitis.

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9.

Which of the following are symptoms of C. botulinum?
- Double vision
- Dizzy, weak
- Difficulty swallowing/speech
- Respiratory failure/death
- All of the above are symptoms
Correct Answer

A. All of the above are symptoms

Explanation

All of the listed symptoms, including double vision, dizziness, weakness, difficulty swallowing/speech, and respiratory failure/death, are symptoms associated with C. botulinum infection. This bacterium produces a neurotoxin that affects the nervous system, leading to muscle paralysis and various symptoms.

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2
10.

Secondary pneumonia is biggest threat of Whooping Cough
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The statement is true because secondary pneumonia is indeed the biggest threat of whooping cough. Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It primarily affects the respiratory system and can cause severe coughing fits, difficulty breathing, and a characteristic "whooping" sound. While whooping cough itself can be dangerous, secondary pneumonia is a common complication that can occur as a result of the infection. Pneumonia is a serious condition that can lead to further complications and even death, particularly in infants, young children, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Therefore, secondary pneumonia poses a significant threat in cases of whooping cough.

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11.

The anthrax capsule is composed of glutamic acid.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The anthrax capsule is composed of glutamic acid. This statement is true. Glutamic acid is a key component of the anthrax capsule, which is a protective layer surrounding the anthrax bacteria. The capsule helps the bacteria evade the immune system and survive in the host's body. By understanding the composition of the anthrax capsule, researchers can develop strategies to target and disrupt its formation, potentially leading to new treatments or preventive measures against anthrax infection.

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12.

Which of the following are environmental niches that gram-negative bacilli occupy?
- Intestines
- Respiratory tract
- Soil and water
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Gram-negative bacilli are a diverse group of bacteria that can occupy various environmental niches. They are commonly found in the intestines, where they play a role in digestion and nutrient absorption. Additionally, they can colonize the respiratory tract, causing infections such as pneumonia. Gram-negative bacilli are also present in soil and water, where they contribute to the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as gram-negative bacilli can be found in intestines, respiratory tract, soil, and water.

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13.

All gram negative coccobacilli affect both animals and humans equally.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

They differe in Their ability to infect animals as well as humans

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14.

What are primarily caused by unencapsulated strains of H. influenzae?
- Meningitis
- Local respiratory tract infections
- Systemic infections
- Whooping cough
Correct Answer

A. Local respiratory tract infections

Explanation

Unencapsulated strains of H. influenzae primarily cause local respiratory tract infections. These infections occur in the respiratory tract, such as the nose and throat, and can lead to symptoms like a sore throat, runny nose, and cough. Meningitis, systemic infections, and whooping cough are caused by other factors or pathogens, not specifically unencapsulated strains of H. influenzae.

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15.

Which infection is a Systemic infection caused by H. influenza?
- Meningitis
- Sinus infection
- Pneumonia
- Diarrhea
Correct Answer

A. Meningitis

Explanation

Meningitis is a systemic infection caused by H. influenza. It is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. H. influenza is one of the common bacteria that can cause meningitis, especially in young children. Symptoms of meningitis include severe headache, fever, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. If left untreated, meningitis can be life-threatening. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat it promptly.

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16.

With B. pertussis the cells must die and release their toxins to cause the symptoms of the disease
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The statement is true because B. pertussis, the bacterium that causes whooping cough, produces toxins that are released when infected cells die. These toxins are responsible for the symptoms of the disease, such as severe coughing fits, difficulty breathing, and the characteristic "whooping" sound. Therefore, for the symptoms to occur, the cells must die and release the toxins.

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17.

For which gram-negative bacilli is a protective antibody against the capsule the key?
- H. influenzae
- B. pertussis
- F. tularemia
- P. multocida
Correct Answer

A. H. influenzae

Explanation

A protective antibody against the capsule is key for H. influenzae. The capsule of H. influenzae is a major virulence factor that helps the bacteria evade host immune responses. Antibodies against the capsule can neutralize the bacteria and prevent infection.

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2
18.

W hich of the following bacteria shows pigmented growth on agar and has a distinct odor?
- Yersinia pestis
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
Correct Answer

A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Explanation

usually green or red and smells like grapes or juicy fruit gum

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19.

What virulence factor do ALL Gram-Negative Bacilli have in common?
- Endotoxin
- Exotoxins
- Enzymes capsules
- Fimbreae
Correct Answer

A. Endotoxin

Explanation

All contain endotoxin
Large variety of them also have exotoxins, enzymes capsules, fimbreae

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20.

Haemophilus influenza is easy to grow
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

It is Fastidious… this means it is difficult to grow. We must give it lots of growth factors

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1
21.

Which encapsulated H. Influenzae serotype causes 95% of invasive disease (meaning the bacteria enters the bloodstream).
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Correct Answer

A. B

Explanation

Serotype B (Hib) causes 95% of invasive disease, meaning the bacteria enters the bloodstream
Almost all Hib cases are in young children

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22.

Which of the following is NOT a virulence factor produced by H. influenza?
- Fimbriae
- Capsule
- Endotoxin
- Exotoxin
Correct Answer

A. Exotoxin

Explanation

Exotoxins are not produced by H. influenza. Exotoxins are toxic substances secreted by bacteria that can cause damage to host cells or tissues. While H. influenza produces other virulence factors such as fimbriae, capsule, and endotoxin, it does not produce exotoxins. Exotoxins are commonly produced by other bacteria such as Clostridium tetani (causing tetanus) or Corynebacterium diphtheriae (causing diphtheria).

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2
23.

Haemophilus influenzae strains can be divided into two groups based upon
- Their ability to produce capsules
- Their ability to produce endotoxins
- Their ability to produce exotoxins
Correct Answer

A. Their ability to produce capsules

Explanation

Encapsulated strains produce the capsule
Unencapsulated strains don’t produce the capsule

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24.

Which of the following are routes of transmission for Francisella tularemia?
- Infected tissue
- Inhalation
- Ingestion
- Insect bites
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Francisella tularemia can be transmitted through various routes, including infected tissue, inhalation, ingestion, and insect bites. This means that all of the options listed are correct routes of transmission for this bacterium.

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25.

Which of the following is NOT a Gram-negative coccobacilli?
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Francisella tularemia
- Brucella species
- Pasteurella multocida
- Clostridium perfringens
Correct Answer

A. Clostridium perfringens

Explanation

Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium. It is not a Gram-negative coccobacilli, which are typically small, oval-shaped bacteria that stain pink in the Gram stain. The other options listed, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Francisella tularemia, Brucella species, and Pasteurella multocida, are all Gram-negative coccobacilli.

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26.

Which of the following virulence factors is not produced by H. influenzae
- Fimbriae
- Capsule
- Endotoxin
- Exotoxin
Correct Answer

A. Exotoxin

Explanation

Fimbriae for attachment to respiratory tract cells
Capsule is produced to prevent phagocytosis
Endotoxin which is part of ALL Gram-negative cells

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2
27.

What is the most important cause of nosocomial infections?
- E. coli
- H. pylori
- Salmonella typhi
- Shigella dysenteriae
Correct Answer

A. E. coli

Explanation

The most important cause of nosocomial infections is E. coli. This bacterium is commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals and can cause various infections, especially in healthcare settings. It can be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or contact with infected individuals. E. coli infections can lead to urinary tract infections, pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and surgical site infections. Proper hygiene practices and infection control measures are important in preventing the spread of E. coli in healthcare settings.

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28.

W hat is the first stage of whooping cough that occurs just as bacteria just start to die and release toxin?
- Catarrhal stage
- Paroxysmal stage
- Convalescent stage
Correct Answer

A. Catarrhal stage

Explanation

The catarrhal stage is the first stage of whooping cough that occurs just as the bacteria start to die and release toxins. During this stage, symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, mild cough, and low-grade fever may appear. It is characterized by inflammation and increased mucus production in the respiratory tract. This stage typically lasts for 1-2 weeks before progressing to the paroxysmal stage, where severe coughing fits occur. After the catarrhal and paroxysmal stages, the convalescent stage follows, where the symptoms gradually decrease and the person starts to recover.

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29.

Which of the following Anaerobic G+ Bacilli can cause gas gangrene , food poisoning, and uterine infections?
- Clostridium botulinum
- Clostridium perfringens
- Clostridium tetani
- Clostridium difficile
Correct Answer

A. Clostridium perfringens

Explanation

Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that can cause gas gangrene, food poisoning, and uterine infections. Gas gangrene is a severe infection that destroys muscle tissue and can lead to tissue death. Food poisoning caused by Clostridium perfringens occurs when contaminated food is consumed, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. Uterine infections caused by this bacterium can occur after childbirth or during gynecological procedures. Clostridium botulinum causes botulism, a severe form of food poisoning, while Clostridium tetani causes tetanus. Clostridium difficile causes a serious infection called Clostridium difficile colitis.

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30.

W hich of the following is not a type of anthrax?
- Pulmonary anthrax
- Membranous anthrax
- Cutaneous anthrax
- Intestinal Anthrax
Correct Answer

A. Membranous anthrax

Explanation

pulmonary anthrax via inhalation of spores/antiphagocytic capsule/exotoxin … Cutaneous anthrax = localized/spores enter abrasions in skin … intestinal anthrax progresses to generalized toxemia, with fever, acute gastroenteritis, vomiting, bloody diarrhea

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31.

What is characteristic of the Paroxysmal stage of whooping cough?
- Parents think it is the common cold and do not isolate their children from other children.
- Mucous build-up in Lungs causing air blockage
- Coughing spells diminish slowly and decrease in number of spells and severity
Correct Answer

A. Mucous build-up in Lungs causing air blockage

Explanation

During the paroxysmal stage of whooping cough, one of the characteristic symptoms is mucous build-up in the lungs causing air blockage. This can lead to difficulty in breathing and can be a serious complication of the disease. It is important to recognize this stage and seek medical attention to prevent further complications and to ensure proper treatment.

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32.

Which of the following is not part of the Enterobacteriaceae family?
- Vibrio cholerae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Enterobacter
- Serratia
- Citrobacter
Correct Answer

A. Vibrio cholerae

Explanation

The vibrio species have many similarities to Enterobacteriaceae, but not part of that family

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33.

Which gram-negative bacilli is hard to grow like H. influenzae; however, does not specifically require X and V?
- Bordetella pertussis
- Francisella tularemia
- Pasturella multocida
Correct Answer

A. Bordetella pertussis

Explanation

Bordetella pertussis is the correct answer because it is a gram-negative bacilli that is difficult to grow, similar to H. influenzae. However, unlike H. influenzae, it does not specifically require X and V factors for growth.

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34.

Bordatella pertussis does most of its damage in the blood stream
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

It is non-invasive and It does all its damage where it lands in the respiratory tract

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35.

Which strain of Haemophilus influenzae causes 90% of noninvasive respiratory tract infections
- Encapsulated
- Nonencapsulated
- Option 3
Correct Answer

A. Nonencapsulated

Explanation

Nonencapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae are responsible for causing 90% of noninvasive respiratory tract infections. This means that the majority of respiratory infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae are caused by strains that do not have a protective capsule around them. The capsule helps bacteria evade the immune system, so nonencapsulated strains are more easily recognized and eliminated by the body's defenses.

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36.

Which of the following is a common cause of septicemia and meningitis in both neonates and adults with impaired cell-mediated immunity?
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
- Ordetella pertussis
Correct Answer

A. Listeria monocytogenes

Explanation

Listeria monocytogenes is a common cause of septicemia and meningitis in both neonates and adults with impaired cell-mediated immunity. Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium that can be found in contaminated food, especially unpasteurized dairy products and deli meats. It can cross the placenta and cause infections in neonates, and it can also infect adults with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. This bacterium has the ability to invade and replicate within host cells, allowing it to evade the immune system and cause systemic infections like septicemia and meningitis.

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37.

Which of the following is not a Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli?
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
- Bordetella pertussis
Correct Answer

A. Bordetella pertussis

Explanation

Bordetella pertussis is not a Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli. This bacterium is a small, aerobic, Gram-negative coccobacillus that causes whooping cough or pertussis. Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli include corynebacterium diphtheriae, listeria monocytogenes, and bacillus anthracis.

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38.

Which zoonotic gram-negative bacilli causes undulant fever?
- Bordetella pertussis
- Francisella tularemia
- Pasturella multocida
- H. influenzae
- Brucella species
Correct Answer

A. Brucella species

Explanation

these medically important species are named for the livestock they commonly come from

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39.

Antibodies against the capsule show that there are ____different serotypes for Encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
Correct Answer

A. 6

Explanation

Antibodies against the capsule show that there are 6 different serotypes (a-f)

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1
40.

Which of the following is NOT a gram-negative bacilli?
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Francisella tularemia
- Pasturella multocida
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer

A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Explanation

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacilli, so it is not the correct answer. Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Francisella tularemia, and Pasturella multocida are all gram-negative bacilli.

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41.

What is the main difference in virulence factors between bordetella pertussis and H. influenzae?
- B. pertussis does not have fimbrae
- B. pertussis does not have endotoxins
- B. pertussis produces exotoxins
Correct Answer

A. B. pertussis produces exotoxins

Explanation

Bordetella pertussis produces exotoxins, which are toxic substances secreted by the bacteria that can damage host cells and tissues. These exotoxins play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pertussis (whooping cough) by causing damage to the respiratory tract and impairing the immune response. On the other hand, the main difference in virulence factors with H. influenzae is that B. pertussis does not have fimbrae or endotoxins. Fimbrae are hair-like structures that allow bacteria to attach to host cells, while endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria that can cause inflammation and other harmful effects.

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2
42.

Which of the following are not an exotoxin produced by B. pertussis?
- Pertussis toxin
- Adenylate Cyclase Toxin
- Pore-forming exotoxin
- Dermonecrotic Toxin
- Tracheal cytotoxin
Correct Answer

A. Pore-forming exotoxin

Explanation

The correct answer is "pore-forming exotoxin." This is because all the other options listed (Pertussis toxin, Adenylate Cyclase Toxin, dermonecrotic Toxin, and tracheal cytotoxin) are exotoxins produced by B. pertussis. Exotoxins are proteins secreted by bacteria that can cause damage to host cells. Pore-forming exotoxins, on the other hand, create pores in the host cell membrane, leading to cell lysis.

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43.

Which Clinical syndrome of Franciscella tularensis is caused by the ingestion of contaminated meat or water?
- Ulceroglandular
- Oculoglandular
- Pneumonic
- Typhoidal
Correct Answer

A. Typhoidal

Explanation

The clinical syndrome of Franciscella tularensis caused by the ingestion of contaminated meat or water is typhoidal. This form of tularemia is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, headache, body aches, and gastrointestinal symptoms. It can also involve the lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Unlike other forms of tularemia, the typhoidal form does not typically present with ulceration or involvement of the eyes or lungs.

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44.

Which of the following statements about diphtheria toxin is not true?
- It is an enzyme that removes the ADP-ribose from NAD+ and places it onto Elongation Factor II.
- The enzyme is an ADP-ribosylating exotoxin (ADP-ribosyltransferase)
- The action of this enzyme stops protein synthesis in the mammalian host cell
- The host cell dies
- All of the above are true
Correct Answer

A. All of the above are true

Explanation

The given answer is correct because all of the statements about diphtheria toxin are true. Diphtheria toxin is an enzyme that removes the ADP-ribose from NAD+ and transfers it to Elongation Factor II, making it an ADP-ribosylating exotoxin. This action of the toxin stops protein synthesis in the mammalian host cell, leading to the death of the host cell. Therefore, all of the above statements are true.

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45.

Which stage of the Whooping Cough is the MOST contagious stage?
- Catarrhal stage
- Paroxysmal stage
- Convalescent stage
- None, it is not contagious
Correct Answer

A. Catarrhal stage

Explanation

i. This is the MOST contagious stage since many bacteria still alive in respiratory tract and all the coughing and sneezing spread live bacteria easily to other children

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46.

Which of the following is not true in regards to Enteritis (enteric fever/diarrhea)?
- Most common infection seen with Salmonella
- Invade cells of GI tract
- Decrease in cAMP (NO TOXIN)
- Spontaneous resolution in days to a week
- Should not be treated with antibiotics
Correct Answer

A. Decrease in cAMP (NO TOXIN)

Explanation

there is an increase in cAMP. Increased cAMP causes loss of water from cells giving rise to watery diarrhea, fever, cramps

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47.

Which of the following is NOT one of the best drugs active against almost 100 percent of H. influenzae strains?
- Azithromycin (macrolide)
- Fluoroquinolones
- Cephalosporin
- Ampicillin
Correct Answer

A. Ampicillin

Explanation

Ampicillin is not one of the best drugs active against almost 100 percent of H. influenzae strains. This is because H. influenzae has developed resistance to ampicillin over time, making it less effective against the bacteria. Therefore, while azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporin are all effective drugs against H. influenzae, ampicillin is not.

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48.

Which of the following contaminates food and can withstand short periods of heating causing an entertoxin-mediated food poisoning?
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
- Bacillus cereus
Correct Answer

A. Bacillus cereus

Explanation

Bacillus food poisoning usually occurs because heat-resistant endospores survive cooking or pasteurization and then germinate and multiply when the food is inadequately refrigerated.

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49.

W hich of the following is not used in the prevention of disease caused by Brucella species?
- Human vaccine
- Animal vaccine
- Killing infected animals
- Pasteurizing milk
- Wearing protecting clothing while in contact with animals
Correct Answer

A. Human vaccine

Explanation

just a note: Tetracycline is the drug of choice when treating the disease

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Oct 29, 2010

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Mic Exam 3 Practice Questions

Gram-negative bacilli can be zoonotic.

Quiz Preview

T/F: Gram negative bacilli cause the same types of disease..

Which gram-negative bacilli causes whooping cough?

What is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease?

Which of the following bacteria is the cause for Bubonic Plague?

H. . influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin

H. influenzae causes disease by simply being in the environment and sparking inflammation through endotoxin

What causes meningitis?

Which of the following are symptoms of C. botulinum?

Secondary pneumonia is biggest threat of Whooping Cough

The anthrax capsule is composed of glutamic acid.

Which of the following are environmental niches that gram-negative bacilli occupy?

All gram negative coccobacilli affect both animals and humans equally.

What are primarily caused by unencapsulated strains of H. influenzae?

Which infection is a Systemic infection caused by H. influenza?

With B. pertussis the cells must die and release their toxins to cause the symptoms of the disease

For which gram-negative bacilli is a protective antibody against the capsule the key?

W hich of the following bacteria shows pigmented growth on agar and has a distinct odor?

What virulence factor do ALL Gram-Negative Bacilli have in common?

Haemophilus influenza is easy to grow

Which encapsulated H. Influenzae serotype causes 95% of invasive disease (meaning the bacteria enters the bloodstream).

Which of the following is NOT a virulence factor produced by H. influenza?

Haemophilus influenzae strains can be divided into two groups based upon

Which of the following are routes of transmission for Francisella tularemia?

Which of the following is NOT a Gram-negative coccobacilli?

Which of the following virulence factors is not produced by H. influenzae

What is the most important cause of nosocomial infections?

W hat is the first stage of whooping cough that occurs just as bacteria just start to die and release toxin?

Which of the following Anaerobic G+ Bacilli can cause gas gangrene , food poisoning, and uterine infections?

W hich of the following is not a type of anthrax?

What is characteristic of the Paroxysmal stage of whooping cough?

Which of the following is not part of the Enterobacteriaceae family?

Which gram-negative bacilli is hard to grow like H. influenzae; however, does not specifically require X and V?

Bordatella pertussis does most of its damage in the blood stream

Which strain of Haemophilus influenzae causes 90% of noninvasive respiratory tract infections

Which of the following is a common cause of septicemia and meningitis in both neonates and adults with impaired cell-mediated immunity?

Which of the following is not a Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli?

Which zoonotic gram-negative bacilli causes undulant fever?

Antibodies against the capsule show that there are ____different serotypes for Encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae

Which of the following is NOT a gram-negative bacilli?

What is the main difference in virulence factors between bordetella pertussis and H. influenzae?

Which of the following are not an exotoxin produced by B. pertussis?

Which Clinical syndrome of Franciscella tularensis is caused by the ingestion of contaminated meat or water?

Which of the following statements about diphtheria toxin is not true?

Which stage of the Whooping Cough is the MOST contagious stage?

Which of the following is not true in regards to Enteritis (enteric fever/diarrhea)?

Which of the following is NOT one of the best drugs active against almost 100 percent of H. influenzae strains?

Which of the following contaminates food and can withstand short periods of heating causing an entertoxin-mediated food poisoning?

W hich of the following is not used in the prevention of disease caused by Brucella species?