Introduction To Earth Science

Scientists may change a scientific theory when new evidence contradicts it. This is because the scientific method relies on empirical evidence and observations to form and modify theories. When new evidence emerges that contradicts the existing theory, scientists are compelled to reevaluate and potentially revise their understanding of the phenomenon in question. This process of updating theories based on new evidence is fundamental to the advancement of scientific knowledge and the pursuit of more accurate explanations of the natural world.

Geology is the correct answer because it is the branch of Earth Science that focuses on the study of the solid Earth. It involves examining the rocks, minerals, and processes that shape the Earth's surface and interior. Geologists study various aspects such as the formation of mountains, earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the composition of different layers of the Earth. Oceanography involves the study of the oceans, astronomy focuses on celestial bodies and the universe, while meteorology deals with the study of weather and the atmosphere.

A summary of what you have learned from a scientific experiment is called a conclusion. This is because after conducting an experiment, scientists analyze the data collected and draw a conclusion based on the results obtained. The conclusion summarizes the findings of the experiment and provides insight into whether the hypothesis was supported or not. It is an important part of the scientific method as it helps to communicate the results and implications of the experiment to others.

Environmental scientists study the effects of human activities on Earth's land, air, water, and living things. They analyze and assess the impact of human actions on the environment, and develop strategies to mitigate and manage these effects. This includes studying pollution, climate change, habitat destruction, and the conservation of natural resources. Astronomers study celestial objects and phenomena in outer space, meteorologists study weather patterns and atmospheric conditions, and oceanographers study the oceans and marine life. However, none of these fields specifically focus on the effects of human activities on Earth's environment, making environmental scientists the correct answer.

The prefix "milli-" is the smallest because it represents one thousandth (1/1000) of a unit. In contrast, "kilo-" represents a thousand (1000) units, "centi-" represents one hundredth (1/100) of a unit, and "mega-" represents one million (1,000,000) units. Therefore, "milli-" is the smallest prefix among the given options.

A hypothesis in science must be testable, meaning that it can be subjected to experimentation and observation to determine its accuracy or validity. A testable hypothesis allows scientists to gather evidence and data through controlled experiments, making it possible to either support or reject the hypothesis based on the results. This is crucial for the scientific method as it ensures that hypotheses can be objectively evaluated and contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge.

Observing refers to the act of using one or more of our senses to gather information. It involves paying attention to details, events, or behaviors in order to gain knowledge or understanding about a particular subject or situation. By observing, we can gather data and make observations that can be used as a basis for further analysis, interpretation, or decision-making.

The SI unit for liquid volume is liter. The liter is a metric unit of volume that is equal to 1 cubic decimeter or 1000 cubic centimeters. It is commonly used to measure the volume of liquids such as water, milk, or gasoline. The other options, kelvin, gram, and meter, are not units of liquid volume but rather units for temperature, mass, and length respectively.

In order for researchers to draw a logical conclusion from an experiment, it is crucial to control the variables. Variables are the factors that can potentially influence the outcome of the experiment. By controlling the variables, researchers can ensure that any changes observed in the experiment are a result of the manipulated factors and not due to other uncontrolled variables. This allows for a more accurate and reliable interpretation of the experiment's results, leading to a logical conclusion.

A data table is an organized way to collect and record scientific observations because it allows for the systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns. This format makes it easier to analyze and interpret the information collected during an experiment. By using a data table, scientists can easily compare and contrast different observations, identify patterns or trends, and draw conclusions based on the data. It provides a clear and concise representation of the collected information, making it an effective tool for scientific research and analysis.

A well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results is called a scientific theory. Unlike a hypothesis, which is an educated guess or prediction, a theory is supported by extensive evidence and experimentation. It is a comprehensive explanation that can be used to make predictions and is widely accepted within the scientific community. A theory is considered to be the highest level of scientific understanding and is constantly subject to scrutiny and refinement as new evidence emerges.

Theories are not examples of data because data refers to factual information or raw facts that can be collected and analyzed. Theories, on the other hand, are explanations or interpretations of data that are based on evidence and observations. They are derived from analyzing and interpreting data, but they are not data themselves.

A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a set of observations or answers to a scientific question. It is a proposed explanation that can be tested through experimentation and further observation. A hypothesis is often based on prior knowledge or observations and serves as a starting point for scientific investigation. It is different from a theory, which is a well-substantiated explanation that has been extensively tested and supported by evidence.

A balance is the tool that scientists use to measure mass. A balance works by comparing the mass of an object to a known mass, typically using a beam or electronic scale. By comparing the two masses, scientists can determine the mass of the object being measured. A graduated cylinder is used to measure volume, a meter stick is used to measure length, and a thermometer is used to measure temperature. However, none of these tools are specifically designed to measure mass, making the balance the correct answer.

In an experiment, the manipulated variable is the one that the researcher purposely changes or controls. In this case, the temperature is intentionally altered to test a hypothesis. Therefore, the temperature is the manipulated variable. The dependent variable, on the other hand, is the variable that is being measured or observed to see how it responds to the changes in the manipulated variable. The responding variable and hypothetical variable are not relevant in this context.

The responding variable is the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable. It is the variable that is being observed or measured in an experiment to determine the effect of the manipulated variable. In other words, it is the variable that is expected to be influenced or affected by the changes made to the manipulated variable.

A scientific law is a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions. It is a well-established and widely accepted principle that has been repeatedly tested and proven through empirical evidence. Unlike a scientific theory, which explains why something happens, a scientific law simply describes the observed phenomenon. A scientific hypothesis is an educated guess that is yet to be tested, and scientific inquiry refers to the process of investigating and exploring scientific questions.

The temperature of an average room on the Celsius scale is 20 degrees.

The metric prefix "centi-" represents one hundredth of a unit, while the prefix "kilo-" represents one thousand times a unit. Therefore, both "centi-" and "kilo-" can be used to indicate "thousand" in the metric system.