General Biology Test #2 Molecules And Cells
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Multiple Choice: Choose the BEST answer
- 1.When subunits called monomers are bonded together, they form larger molecules called polymers. Proteins are a type of polymer. What is the monomer that makes up proteins?
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
Ions
- C.
DNA
- D.
Nucleotides
- 2.During photosynthesis, plants convert carbon dioxide and water to sugar and oxygen. In this reaction, sugar and oxygen are the;
- A.
Enzymes
- B.
Products
- C.
Directions
- D.
Reactants
- 3.
- A.
The number of protons in the nuclei of their atoms
- B.
The number of atoms in a sample of each element
- C.
The number of electrons in the nuclei of their atoms
- D.
The number of nuclei in their atoms
- 4.How is an ionic bond formed between two atoms?
- A.
A pair of electrons is shared between two atoms.
- B.
The outer energy levels of the atoms are filled.
- C.
An electrical force forms between pairs of electrons.
- D.
An electrical force forms between oppositely charged ions.
- 5.What term describes the sugar in a glass of lemonade?
- A.
Solvent
- B.
Solution
- C.
Solute
- D.
Protein
- 6.What elements make up a carbohydrate?
- A.
Carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen
- B.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- C.
Starches and sugars
- D.
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
- 7.
- A.
Saturated fatty acids contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
- B.
Saturated fatty acids are found only in oils.
- C.
Carbons in saturated fatty acids are bonded together only with covalent bonds.
- D.
Saturated fatty acids contain only carbon-carbon single bonds.
- 8.What term describes the amount of energy that must be absorbed before a chemical reaction can start?
- A.
Bond energy
- B.
Activation energy
- C.
Endothermic energy
- D.
Exothermic energy
- 9.What are the parts that make up the lock-and-key model of enzyme function?
- A.
Enzyme and products
- B.
Enzyme and catalyst
- C.
Enzyme and substrates
- D.
Enzyme and active site
- 10.
- A.
It raises the activation energy of the reaction.
- B.
It lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
- C.
It has no effect on the activation energy of the reaction.
- D.
First it lowers the activation energy to start the reaction, then it raises the activation energy to keep the reaction under control.
- 11.What term describes the reactants that an enzyme acts on?
- A.
Substrate
- B.
Lock-and-key
- C.
Product
- D.
Active site
- 12.Which conditions are likely to affect the shape of an enzyme?
- A.
Concentration of substrate
- B.
Temperature
- C.
PH
- D.
Both temperature and pH
- 13.Acidic solutions have a pH that is
- A.
Less than 7
- B.
Between 7 and 14
- C.
A negative number
- D.
More than 7
- 14.All organic compounds contain the element
- A.
Carbon
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Calcium
- D.
Sodium
- 15.The molecule below is a
- A.
Lipid
- B.
Carbohydrate
- C.
Protein
- D.
Nucleic acid
- 16.The following molecules are mirror images of each other. What is the term for this?
- A.
Structural Isomers
- B.
Stereoisomers
- C.
Equivalents
- D.
Nonequivalents
- 17.What is the correct term for the energy releasing graph below?
- A.
Endothermic
- B.
Exothermic
- C.
Kinetic
- D.
Passive
- 18.What is the correct term for the energy gaining graph below?
- A.
Endothermic
- B.
Exothermic
- C.
Kinetic
- D.
Passive
- 19.The graph below shows a catalyzed reaction vs. an uncatalyzed reaction. Which of the following statements is true about the graph?
- A.
The Catalyst lowers the energy needed for the reaction to proceed.
- B.
The Catalyst raises the energy needed for the reaction to proceed.
- C.
The Catalyst does not affect the reaction.
- D.
The reaction will not work without the catalyst
- 20.Which term describes the tendency of a water molecule to stick to another water molecule?
- A.
Cohesion
- B.
Adhesion
- C.
Density
- D.
Bouyancy
- 21.Which term describes the tendency of a water molecule to stick to different types molecules?
- A.
Cohesion
- B.
Adhesion
- C.
Density
- D.
Bouyancy
- 22.The diagram below shows a water molecule. What do the charges on either end of the molecule indicate about the molecule?
- A.
Water is a polar molecule.
- B.
Water is a nonpolar molecule.
- C.
Water is an ionic compound.
- D.
Water is an ion.
- 23.What structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Vesicle
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Cell wall
- 24.What materials makes up a cell membrane?
- A.
Phospholipids and proteins
- B.
Cholesterol and nucleic acids
- C.
Proteins, nucleic acids, and cholesterol
- D.
Phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins
- 25.What type of receptor is within a cell?
- A.
Membrane receptor
- B.
Intercellular receptor
- C.
Intracellular receptor
- D.
Ligand receptor
- 26.What type of membrane allows some, but not all, materials to cross?
- A.
Diffusible
- B.
Permeable
- C.
Impermeable
- D.
Selectively permeable
- 27.Which part(s) of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?
- A.
Phosphate group and glycerol head
- B.
Fatty acid tails
- C.
Phosphate groups only
- D.
The entire phospholipid molecule
- 28.What term describes the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down a concentration gradient?
- A.
Osmotic pressure
- B.
Osmosis
- C.
Hydro-diffusion
- D.
Fluid diffusion
- 29.In which kind of solution would water move from the solution into the cell?
- A.
Hypotonic
- B.
Hypertonic
- C.
Isotonic
- D.
Hydrotonic
- 30.
- A.
Add more solutes
- B.
Add more solutes and water
- C.
Add more water
- D.
Boil off some water
- 31.What term describes the movement of molecules that are pumped from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
- A.
Passive transport
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Energy transport
- D.
Diffusion
- 32.Living cells are continuously making a variety of proteins. This process occurs on what organelle?
- A.
Vacuole
- B.
Ribosome
- C.
Vesicle
- D.
Rough ER
- 33.Certain types of small molecules cross the plasma membrane without the cell exerting any energy. This type of movement is an example of
- A.
Passive transport
- B.
Transport proteins
- C.
Kinetic transport
- D.
Active transport
- 34.The energy needed to drive molecules across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient typically comes from
- A.
Proteins
- B.
ATP
- C.
Amino acids
- D.
NaCl
- 35.
![The process taking place below is called]( "The process taking place below is called")
The process taking place below is called- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Pinocytosis
- C.
Phagocytosis
- D.
Exocytosis
- 36.
![The process taking place below is called]( "The process taking place below is called")
The process taking place below is called- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Passive transport
- 37.The diagram below shows a plant cell. This can easily determined because of the presence of:
- A.
A cell wall
- B.
A large vacuole
- C.
Chloroplasts
- D.
All of the above
- 38.The diagram below shows a prokaryotic cell. This can easily determined because:
- A.
The cell lacks DNA
- B.
The cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
- C.
The cell has a flagellum
- D.
None of the above
- 39.
![In a laboratory a student found a cell under high power of the microscope. In order to calculate the correct power of magnification she would:]( "In a laboratory a student found a cell under high power of the microscope. In order to calculate the correct power of magnification she would:")
In a laboratory a student found a cell under high power of the microscope. In order to calculate the correct power of magnification she would:- A.
Add the power of the eyepiece with the power of the objective
- B.
Multiply the power of the eyepiece with the power of the objective
- C.
Add the power of the iris with the power of the condenser
- D.
Multiply the power of the iris to the power of the condenser
- 40.What is the ability of organisms and cells to maintain a stable internal environment called?
- A.
Protein synthesis
- B.
Digestion
- C.
Photosynthesis
- D.
Homeostasis
- 41.The structure in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis is called
- A.
Cell membrane
- B.
Chloroplast
- C.
Ribosome
- D.
Nucleus
- 42.Diffusion is an example of
- A.
Passive transport
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Membrane receptors
- D.
Transport proteins
- 43.
- A.
Endothermic
- B.
Exothermic
- C.
At equilibrium
- D.
Ionic
- 44.Respiration is a type of chemical reaction that releases a lot of energy. This type of reaction is called
- A.
Exothermic
- B.
Endothermic
- C.
At equilibrium
- D.
Ionic
- 45.In a laboratory a student collected data that showed a dialysis bag had doubled in weight when it was placed in a beaker of distilled water. When compared to the cell the solution in the beaker is termed
- A.
Hypertonic
- B.
Hypotonic
- C.
Isotonic
- D.
None of the above
- 46.Cells must be small in size (surface area to volume ratio is similar) in order to function because if a cell gets to large
- A.
Diffusion cannot take place
- B.
The cell would decay
- C.
The cell would explode
- D.
None of the above
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