Economic Geography
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- 1.Which of the following is NOT a primary industrial region of the world today?
- A.
South Asia
- B.
Eastern Asia
- C.
Western and Central Europe
- D.
Russia and the Ukraine
- E.
Eastern North America
- 2.Which country possesses the greatest natural gas reserves?
- A.
China
- B.
Brazil
- C.
United States
- D.
Russia
- E.
India
- 3.Twenty thousand nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh constitute what can be called ___________
- A.
Development islands.
- B.
A parallel state.
- C.
Subversive zones.
- D.
Colonial enclaves.
- 4.A large component of survival in countries with low per capita GNP is___________
- A.
The informal economy.
- B.
Foreign aid.
- C.
Tourism.
- D.
The sale of resources.
- 5.In peripheral countries it is not unusual for hotels in tourist areas to be owned by _________________
- A.
Local owner operators.
- B.
Worker's cooperatives.
- C.
Multinational corporations.
- D.
Local or regional governments.
- 6.The transfer of an automobile from a train to a truck at a distribution point is a good example of a(n)
- A.
Outsourcing
- B.
Break-of-bulk point
- C.
Gross national product
- D.
Growth pole
- E.
Carrier efficiency
- 7.
- A.
Harold Hotelling/ locational interdependence theory
- B.
Alfred Weber/ variable revenue analysis theory
- C.
Immanuel Wallerstein/ modernization theory
- D.
Von Thuen/ space-time compression theory
- E.
W.W. Rostow/ capitalist world economy theory
- 8.Company A orders 1,000 pounds of sugar at a cost of $1 per pound. Company B purchases 500 pounds of sugar at $2 per pound. This is an example of what concept?
- A.
Variable costs
- B.
Agglomeration
- C.
Fixed costs
- D.
Carrier efficiency
- E.
Substitution principle
- 9.Establishment of government quotas on imports (e.g. cotton shirts or steel) to the U.S. has led to _______________
- A.
A collapse of the U.S. market for shirts.
- B.
A decrease in Chinese shirt production.
- C.
A shifting of production form country to country in the periphery and semi-periphery.
- D.
An increase in Chinese wages.
- 10.Which of the four classifications of industry must locate where the resources are found?
- A.
Tertiary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Primary
- D.
Quaternary
- 11._______ give loans to poor people, preferably women, to encourage development of small businesses.
- A.
NGOs
- B.
Structural adjustment loans
- C.
Micro credit programs
- D.
Maquiladoras
- 12.
- A.
Singapore
- B.
Vietnam
- C.
Taiwan
- D.
Hong Kong
- E.
South Korea
- 13.The UN developed which statistic as a measure of development in the 1970s to try to quantify economic development?
- A.
Dependence theory
- B.
Technology gap
- C.
Purchasing power parity
- D.
Physical Quality of Life Index
- E.
Human Development Indes
- 14.In 2005, China, Japan, the United States, Russia, and South Korea were the five top producers of ________
- A.
Steel.
- B.
Coal.
- C.
Airplanes.
- D.
Titanium.
- 15.Alfred Weber identified three factors that determine the location of industries: transportation, labor costs and
- A.
Agglomeration
- B.
Site factors
- C.
Sustainable development
- D.
Space-time compression
- E.
Location of competitors
- 16.Economic development in some African states (e.g. Malawi and Zimbabwe) is hampered by _____________
- A.
Drought.
- B.
Drop in the price of oil.
- C.
Corrupt governments.
- D.
Religions intolerance.
- 17.
- A.
Traditional society, preconditions for takeoff, drive to maturity, takeoff age of mass consumption
- B.
Traditional society, takeoff, preconditions for takeoff, age of mass consumption, drive to maturity
- C.
Traditional society, preconditions for takeoff, takeoff, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption
- D.
Preconditions for takeoff, takeoff, traditional society, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption
- E.
Drive to maturity, traditional society, takeoff, preconditions for takeoff, age of mass consumption
- 18.
- A.
Worker productivity
- B.
Literacy rates
- C.
Access to raw materials
- D.
Gross Domestic Product
- E.
Availability of consumer goods
- 19.The increase in time and cost with distance is referred to as _____________
- A.
Distribution costs.
- B.
Production costs.
- C.
Friction of distance.
- D.
Distance decay.
- 20.The principal structuralist alternative to Rostow's model of economic development is known as __________
- A.
Dependency theory.
- B.
The "takeoff" model.
- C.
The liberal model.
- D.
The modernization model.
- 21.
- A.
Washington Federal Savings and Loan
- B.
United Nations
- C.
World Bank
- D.
IMF
- 22.The country with the largest oil reserves in the world is
- A.
China
- B.
Kuwait
- C.
Saudi Arabia
- D.
United States
- E.
Russia
- 23.Mexico has established export processing zones with special tax, trade and regulatory arrangements for foreign firms. This phenomena is referred to as _____________
- A.
Haciendas.
- B.
NAFTA zones.
- C.
Maquiladoras.
- D.
Border cities.
- 24.According to the Core-Periphery Model of economic development, all of the following are peripheral areas of Europe EXCEPT
- A.
Portugal
- B.
Southern Italy
- C.
Greece
- D.
Ukraine
- E.
Southeastern England
- 25.Industrialization occurred along an axis from Northern France through North-Central Germany to Czech Republic and South Poland. This axis correlates with ___________ as a locational factor.
- A.
Coalfields
- B.
Population
- C.
Major ports
- D.
The trend of the drainage system
- 26.In terms of today's global economy, which areas would be considered the resource frontier of the world?
- A.
Central and Western Europe
- B.
Eastern South America
- C.
East Asin
- D.
Southwest Asia
- E.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- 27.What is the major drawback to burning lignite coal?
- A.
the health of the coal miners is adversely affected by working in shaft mines
- B.
It produces a large amount of air pollution
- C.
It cannot produce enough heat for many blast furnaces
- D.
It costs too much to transport from its sources in the Rocky Mountains to the industrial plants in the eastern U.S.
- E.
Mining it is not profitable enough to justify the investment and effort
- 28.Just-in-time delivery refers to what?
- A.
The process of getting food to the market as people are willing to buy it
- B.
The process of reducing labor costs to control prices
- C.
The process of moving materials to reduce cost
- D.
The process of producing food in time to meet the demand for the food
- E.
He process of getting food to the market before it spoils
- 29.Which does NOT make up a portion of Columbia's GNP?
- A.
Professional sports franchises
- B.
Drug trafficking
- C.
Coffee production
- D.
Tourism
- 30.Which of the following factors would most likely increase the cost of transportation the most?
- A.
Volumn
- B.
Refrigeration
- C.
Finished products
- D.
Size
- E.
Weight
- 31.A sock manufacturing in China needs support services, such as surface and ocean transportion, and access to telephone and electricity. These supporting services are all examples of
- A.
Infrastructure
- B.
Situational factors
- C.
Deglomeration
- D.
Substainable development
- E.
Value adding products
- 32.Theories which hold that economic disparities are built into the global economic system are referred to as ______
- A.
Neo-capitalist theories
- B.
Liberal theories
- C.
Structuralist theories
- D.
Modernization theories
- 33.This cartel, established in 1960, is the primary group in the world setting oil prices.
- A.
Oil and Petroleum Exporting Companies
- B.
Organization of Phosphate Enhancing Countries
- C.
Oil and Petroleum Exporting Countries
- D.
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
- E.
Oil Producing Exporting Countries
- 34.Fast, flexible production of small lots with outsourcing around the world is referred to as: ___________
- A.
Post-Fordist
- B.
Socialist
- C.
Colonial production
- D.
Fordist
- 35.The word "development" implies ________
- A.
Technology
- B.
Progress
- C.
Colonialism
- D.
Lowering wages through mechanization
- 36.The country with the largest coal reserves in the world is
- A.
Brazil
- B.
Canada
- C.
Russia
- D.
U.S.
- E.
China
- 37.Southeast Asia cities have promoted economic growth through what primary means?
- A.
Western transportation systems
- B.
Western investment and trade
- C.
Irrigated fruit farming
- D.
Truck farming
- E.
Eastern religion
- 38.Special economic zones (SEZs) are most common in which country?
- A.
Japan
- B.
Great Britain
- C.
China
- D.
Russia
- E.
Brazil
- 39.Which of the following would be most likely to be critical of modernization theory?
- A.
A variable revenue analysus theorist
- B.
A locational interdependence theorist
- C.
A dependency theorist
- D.
A least cost theorist
- E.
A westernization theorist
- 40.Countries in which tier of the world economy (region) have high birth and death rates and low life expectancy at birth?
- A.
Post-industrial
- B.
Semi-periphery
- C.
Core
- D.
Periphery
- 41.What major factor has led the Four Asian Tigers to economic success?
- A.
Low land costs
- B.
Cheap immigrant labor
- C.
Low transportation costs
- D.
Raw materials
- E.
Trading goods
- 42.Even if the Gross National Product (GNP) index is used to measure the well-being of a country, it will fail to show _________
- A.
the distribution of wealth
- B.
Growth in secondary industries(manufacturing)
- C.
Growth within tertiary industries (services)
- D.
Growth within primary industries (mining, forestry, agriculture, fishing)
- 43.The Ruhr industrial area is connected to its port by _________
- A.
Cart roads
- B.
North Sea
- C.
Rail roads
- D.
Rhine river
- 44.The most important cost in Weber's least cost theory is
- A.
Transportation costs
- B.
Labor costs
- C.
Land plot costs
- D.
Infrastructure costs
- E.
Energy production costs
- 45.Most of the ethanol (a form of biomass) in the U.S. comes from which biodegradable commodity?
- A.
Wheat
- B.
Soybeans
- C.
Corn
- D.
Sugarcane
- E.
Urban Waste
- 46.Which of the following is the best example of a labor-intensive industry?
- A.
An automobile manufacturer
- B.
A textile manufacturer
- C.
A soft drink manufacturer
- D.
A computer parts manufacturer
- E.
An iron ore processor
- 47.The U.S. and many other more developed countries rely on what natural resources for the majority of their electricity production?
- A.
Nuclear power
- B.
Natural gas
- C.
Uranium
- D.
Petroleum
- E.
Coal
- 48.Which continent uses nuclear power for a greater percentage of its total power output than any other continent?
- A.
South America
- B.
Europe
- C.
North America
- D.
Asia
- E.
Africa
- 49.Core area agriculture is characterized by_____________
- A.
High levels of farmer education
- B.
Scientific agronomy
- C.
Mechanization
- D.
All of the above
- 50.Which of the following is used to determine the Human Development Index for economic development?
- A.
Natural increase rate
- B.
Gender inequalities
- C.
Literacy rate
- D.
Contagion
- E.
Resource orientation
- 51.Which of the following is used to determine the Human Development Index for economic development?
- A.
Natural increase rate
- B.
Gender inequalities
- C.
Literacy rate
- D.
Contagion
- E.
Resource orientation
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