DNA Cloning: An Overview

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DNA CLONING: AN OVERVIEW “Instant Notes in Molecular Biology (Turner et al. , 2005): 105-109Nurul Layyin H

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1.

A wide variety of natural replicons have the properties required to allow them to act as ___________
- A.
  
  DNA ligase
- B.
  
  DNA probe
- C.
  
  Alkaline phosphatase
- D.
  
  Selectable marker
- E.
  
  Cloning vectors
2.

Most of the routine manipulations involved in gene cloning use Escherichia coli as _______
- A.
  
  Cloning vectors
- B.
  
  Genomic libraries
- C.
  
  CDNA libraries
- D.
  
  DNA probe
- E.
  
  The host organism
3.

A gene which allows host cells containing the vector to be selected from amongst those which do not, usually by conferring resistance to a toxin.
- A.
  
  Selectable marker.
- B.
  
  DNA probe
- C.
  
  Recombinant DNA
- D.
  
  Ti plasmid
- E.
  
  Plasmid
4.

An enzyme that joins two double-stranded DNAs end to end.
- A.
  
  DNA ligase
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  Alkaline phosphatase
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Restriction enzyme
5.

A set of clones containing DNA fragments derived directly from a genome.
- A.
  
  Cloning vectors
- B.
  
  Genomic librariy
- C.
  
  CDNA libraries
- D.
  
  DNA probe
- E.
  
  The host organism
6.

DNA copies (cDNA) are synthesized from the mRNA by _________
- A.
  
  Subcloning
- B.
  
  Hybridization
- C.
  
  Digestion
- D.
  
  Reverse transcription
- E.
  
  Ligation
7.

The joining together of artificially separated nucleic acid molecules via hydrogen bonding between complementary bases.
- A.
  
  Subcloning
- B.
  
  Hybridization
- C.
  
  Digestion
- D.
  
  Reverse transcription
- E.
  
  Ligation
8.

Enzymes used in DNA cloning that removes phosphate from 5′-ends of double- or single-stranded DNA or RNA .
- A.
  
  DNA ligase
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  Alkaline phosphatase
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Restriction enzyme
9.

A labelled molecule used in hybridisation procedures.
- A.
  
  Cloning vector
- B.
  
  Genomic library
- C.
  
  CDNA library
- D.
  
  DNA probe
- E.
  
  Plasmid
10.

An endonuclease that cuts DNA at sites defined by its recognition sequence.
- A.
  
  DNA ligase
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  Alkaline phosphatase
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Restriction enzyme
11.

An enzyme that hydrolyses (degrades) single-stranded DNA.
- A.
  
  S1 nuclease
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  Alkaline phosphatase
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Terminal transferase
12.

An enzyme that adds nucleotide residues to the 3' terminus of an oligo- or polynucleotide.
- A.
  
  S1 nuclease
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  DNA polymerase I
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Terminal transferase
13.

Applications of DNA cloning , often collected together under the term genetic engineering, are the following:
- A.
  
  Engineering animals and plants, and gene therapy
- B.
  
  Engineering proteins to alter their properties
- C.
  
  DNA sequencing
- D.
  
  Identification of mutations
- E.
  
  All of the above
14.

A collection of clones prepared from the mRNA of a given cell or tissue type,re presenting the genetic information expressed by such cells
- A.
  
  Cloning vectors
- B.
  
  Genomic library
- C.
  
  CDNA library
- D.
  
  DNA probe
- E.
  
  The host organism
15.

A vector for cloning very large pieces of DNA in yeast.
- A.
  
  BAC
- B.
  
  YAC
- C.
  
  Ti plasmid
- D.
  
  Plasmid
- E.
  
  Phage M13
16.

An RNA-dependent DNA polymerase found in retroviruses, used in vitro for the synthesis of cDNA.
- A.
  
  S1 nuclease
- B.
  
  RNase A
- C.
  
  DNA polymerase I
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Terminal transferase
17.

The analysis of the fragmentation of the DNA with restriction enzymes.
- A.
  
  Subcloning
- B.
  
  Hybridization
- C.
  
  Digestion
- D.
  
  Restriction mapping
- E.
  
  Transformation
18.

Technique for separating nucleic acid molecules on the basis of their movement through a gel matrix under the influence of an electric field.
- A.
  
  Subcloning
- B.
  
  Hybridization
- C.
  
  Gel electrophoresis
- D.
  
  Ligation
- E.
  
  The polymerase chain reaction
19.

Plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that can be used to integrate DNA into the genome.
- A.
  
  SV40
- B.
  
  YAC
- C.
  
  Ti plasmid
- D.
  
  Baculovirus
- E.
  
  Phage M13
20.

An enzyme derived from a thermostable bacterium (Thermus aquaticus). Operates at 72°C and is reasonably stable above 90°C. Used in PCR
- A.
  
  S1 nuclease
- B.
  
  Taq DNA polymerase
- C.
  
  DNA polymerase I
- D.
  
  Reverse transcriptase
- E.
  
  Exonuclease III