Test: Computed Tomography MCQ Quiz!

The correct answer is 1, 2, and 3. Prior to an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast material, it is important to question the patient regarding their renal function, allergic history, and cardiac history. This is because iodinated contrast material can have adverse effects on patients with impaired renal function, allergies to contrast material, or underlying cardiac conditions. By questioning the patient about these factors, healthcare professionals can determine the appropriate course of action and take necessary precautions to ensure the safety of the patient during the procedure.

A patient in shock may exhibit tachycardia, which is a rapid heart rate. This is because the body is trying to compensate for the decrease in blood flow and oxygen delivery. Rapid, shallow breathing is also a symptom of shock as the body tries to increase oxygen intake. Cyanosis, or discolored skin that appears bluish, can occur due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Therefore, all of the above symptoms can be seen in a patient experiencing shock.

Millliampre-second (MAS) is a technical factor that directly affects patient dose in medical imaging. MAS refers to the product of milliamperage (mA) and exposure time (seconds), which determines the amount of radiation delivered to the patient. Increasing the MAS value increases the radiation dose received by the patient, while decreasing it reduces the dose. Therefore, MAS is an important factor in controlling and optimizing patient dose during imaging procedures.

Patients with a prior allergic reaction to iodinated contrast media are at risk of developing an allergic reaction again during a contrast-enhanced CT exam. To prevent this, premedication with steroids and antihistamines is recommended. Steroids help to reduce inflammation and allergic reactions, while antihistamines block the effects of histamine, which is released during an allergic reaction. This premedication can help to minimize the risk of an allergic reaction and ensure the safety of the patient during the procedure.

Both Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine can be used to evaluate the renal function of a patient. BUN is a measure of the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood, which is a waste product filtered by the kidneys. Elevated BUN levels can indicate impaired kidney function. Creatinine is a waste product produced by the muscles and excreted by the kidneys. High levels of creatinine in the blood can also indicate kidney dysfunction. Therefore, both BUN and creatinine are important laboratory values to assess renal function.

The normal range of respiration for an adult is 12-20 breaths per minute. This range indicates the average number of breaths an adult takes in one minute. Respiration rate can vary depending on factors such as age, activity level, and overall health. A rate below or above this range may indicate an underlying medical condition or respiratory distress. Therefore, a respiration rate of 12-20 breaths per minute is considered normal for an adult.

Osmolality refers to the number of ions formed when a substance dissociates in a solution. In the context of determining the biologic effect of iodinated contrast media, osmolality is used to measure the concentration of particles in a solution. It helps determine the osmotic pressure and potential impact on the body's cells and tissues. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, concentration refers to the amount of a substance present in a solution, and iodination refers to the process of introducing iodine into a compound.

The correct answer is "all the above" because the cephalic vein, antecubital vein, and basilic vein are all commonly used sites for intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media. These veins are easily accessible and have a good blood supply, making them suitable for injections.

Injection route

Surgical asepsis is required at the site of an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media because it involves a sterile procedure. This technique involves creating and maintaining a sterile field, using sterile instruments and supplies, and following strict hand hygiene practices. It is necessary to prevent the introduction of microorganisms into the bloodstream and reduce the risk of infection at the injection site. Contact isolation, medical asepsis, and enteric precautions are not specifically related to the sterile technique required for intravenous injections.