Child Psychology Final Exam Summer 2009

2.

Which of the following would not describe students focused on mastery goals

Bettering themselves in terms of skill competencies
Finishing tasks so that they can seek new challenges
Confident they put forth their best effort
Concerned about their grades

Correct Answer

A. Concerned about their grades

Explanation

Students focused on mastery goals are primarily concerned with bettering themselves in terms of skill competencies and seeking new challenges. They are confident in putting forth their best effort. However, they are not primarily concerned about their grades. Their focus is on learning and improving their skills rather than achieving high grades.

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3.

Which one of the following ways of learning an applied skill is most consistent with a constructivist approach?

Using realistic materials and a group format to provide support for individuals
The teacher walking the students step-by-step through the process
Providing well-constructed worksheets with which students can practice individually
Using simplified, manufactured materials in order to make the task easier for students

Correct Answer

A. Using realistic materials and a group format to provide support for individuals

Explanation

In a constructivist approach to learning, the emphasis is on actively constructing knowledge and understanding through hands-on experiences and social interactions. Using realistic materials and a group format allows individuals to engage in authentic, real-world tasks and collaborate with others, which aligns with the constructivist approach. This approach encourages active participation and problem-solving, as well as the development of critical thinking skills.

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4.

The cognitive view of learning assumes that people are motivated by

Acquiring understanding of external events
The consequences of external events
The need for fulfillment
Sociocultural expectations

Correct Answer

A. Acquiring understanding of external events

Explanation

The cognitive view of learning suggests that individuals are motivated by acquiring an understanding of external events. This means that people are driven to learn and make sense of the world around them. They are motivated to gather information, process it, and develop a deeper understanding of the events and phenomena they encounter. This understanding helps individuals navigate their environment, make decisions, and adapt their behavior accordingly.

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5.

Choose the educational practices that promote intuitive, creative thinking

Punishes wrong guesses in class discussions and on tests
Uses standardized tests to evaluate learning
Uses objective tests to evaluate learning
Engages students in Socratic questioning

Correct Answer

A. Engages students in Socratic questioning

Explanation

Engaging students in Socratic questioning promotes intuitive, creative thinking. Socratic questioning encourages students to think critically, analyze information, and develop their own ideas. It fosters active participation and discussion, allowing students to explore different perspectives and consider alternative solutions. By encouraging students to ask and answer thought-provoking questions, Socratic questioning promotes deeper understanding and the development of creative and intuitive thinking skills.

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6.

Which of the following approaches would more likely enhance students' self-esteem?

Give the high achievers bumper stickers for their car
Encourage and help students to set very high goals for themselves
Curve grades so that there are more A’s and B’s
Give everyone a reward just for trying

Correct Answer

A. Encourage and help students to set very high goals for themselves

Explanation

Encouraging and helping students to set very high goals for themselves is more likely to enhance students' self-esteem. By setting high goals, students are challenged to push themselves and strive for personal growth and achievement. This can boost their confidence and sense of self-worth as they work towards these goals and experience success along the way. Additionally, the process of setting and achieving high goals can also foster a sense of self-efficacy, as students realize their own ability to overcome challenges and accomplish difficult tasks.

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7.

One cognitively oriented technique for reducing aggression is

Positive reinforcement
Neocognitive associationism
Education in social skills
Classical conditioning

Correct Answer

A. Education in social skills

Explanation

Education in social skills is a cognitively oriented technique for reducing aggression because it focuses on teaching individuals how to effectively interact with others and navigate social situations. By providing individuals with knowledge and skills related to communication, empathy, problem-solving, and conflict resolution, education in social skills helps individuals develop healthier and more constructive ways of expressing themselves and resolving conflicts, thereby reducing aggressive behaviors. This approach emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in understanding and modifying aggressive behavior patterns.

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8.

Which of the following best describes the behavioral perspective of learners?

Active
Social
Passive
Egocentric

Correct Answer

A. Passive

Explanation

The behavioral perspective of learners refers to a passive approach, where learners are seen as passive recipients of information rather than actively engaging in the learning process. This perspective emphasizes the role of external stimuli and reinforcement in shaping behavior and learning outcomes. In this view, learners are seen as being influenced by their environment and responding to external cues, rather than actively seeking out knowledge or engaging in self-directed learning.

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Child Psychology Final Exam Summer 2009

One teacher behavior that supports self-directed learning is

Quiz Preview

Which of the following would not describe students focused on mastery goals

Which one of the following ways of learning an applied skill is most consistent with a constructivist approach?

The cognitive view of learning assumes that people are motivated by

Choose the educational practices that promote intuitive, creative thinking

Which of the following approaches would more likely enhance students' self-esteem?

One cognitively oriented technique for reducing aggression is

Which of the following best describes the behavioral perspective of learners?