Chapter 5: The Peripheral Nervous System (Grivas)
Unit 3 exam prep.
- 1.
A mosquito lands on your arm. You move your hand to swat it. Your sensation and your response are the result of ______ activity.
- A.
Adrenal gland
- B.
Autonomic nervous system
- C.
Somatic nervous system
- D.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Somatic nervous systemExplanation
The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and sensory perception. In this scenario, when the mosquito lands on your arm, your sensory receptors detect the sensation and send signals to your brain through the somatic nervous system. In response, you consciously move your hand to swat the mosquito, which is also controlled by the somatic nervous system. The somatic nervous system allows for conscious control over our body's movements and responses to external stimuli.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Maria saw a child run across the road and get hit by a car. When she reached the child, who was unconscious on the road, Maria was in a state of panic. She was sweating and her heart was racing Maria’s physiological state when she reached the child resulted from the activation of the ______ nervous system.
- A.
Parasympathetic
- B.
Sympathetic
- C.
Somatic
- D.
Central
Correct Answer
B. SympatheticExplanation
When Maria saw the child get hit by a car and reached the child, her physiological state of sweating and racing heart indicates a state of panic. This response is consistent with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response in stressful or dangerous situations. The sympathetic nervous system triggers the release of stress hormones, increases heart rate, and prepares the body for immediate action.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The division of the nervous system that automatically restores bodily systems to their normal level of functioning after heightened activity is called the ______ nervous system.
- A.
Somatic
- B.
Central
- C.
Sympathetic
- D.
Parasympathetic
Correct Answer
C. SympatheticExplanation
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response in the body, which prepares it for heightened activity and stress. After this heightened activity, the parasympathetic nervous system takes over and restores bodily systems to their normal level of functioning. Therefore, the correct answer is parasympathetic.Rate this question:
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- 4.
As the result of a car accident, Jana was diagnosed with paraplegia. Her inability to use her legs to walk is the result of the inability of her ______ nervous system to communicate with her ______ nervous system.
- A.
Central; autonomic
- B.
Somatic; central
- C.
Somatic; sympathetic
- D.
Autonomic; sympathetic
Correct Answer
B. Somatic; centralExplanation
Jana's inability to use her legs to walk is caused by the inability of her somatic nervous system to communicate with her central nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements, such as walking, while the central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, which coordinate and control these movements. Therefore, if there is a disruption in the communication between the somatic nervous system and the central nervous system, it can result in the inability to use the legs for walking.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A key role of the peripheral nervous system is to
- A.
Integrate and coordinate all neural information arriving from outside the body so that messages can be sent to different parts of the body.
- B.
Carry information to and from the CNS.
- C.
Carry information to sensory organs, muscles and glands, but not the CNS.
- D.
Carry information from muscles, organs and glands to the CNS.
Correct Answer
B. Carry information to and from the CNS.Explanation
The peripheral nervous system plays a crucial role in carrying information to and from the central nervous system (CNS). It serves as a communication pathway, transmitting sensory information from the sensory organs to the CNS, and relaying motor commands from the CNS to muscles, organs, and glands. This bidirectional flow of information allows for the integration and coordination of neural signals, enabling the body to respond and adapt to its environment.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which division of the nervous system transmits messages to initiate muscle activity?
- A.
Sympathetic
- B.
Parasympathetic
- C.
Autonomic
- D.
Somatic
Correct Answer
D. SomaticExplanation
The division of the nervous system that transmits messages to initiate muscle activity is the somatic division. This division is responsible for voluntary movements and controls skeletal muscles. It is involved in activities such as walking, talking, and writing. The somatic division receives information from sensory organs and sends motor signals to the muscles, allowing us to consciously control our movements.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Something gives you a sudden and unexpected fright. Which division of the nervous system will be activated when this happens?
- A.
Sympathetic
- B.
Parasympathetic
- C.
Somatic
- D.
Central
Correct Answer
A. SympatheticExplanation
When something gives you a sudden and unexpected fright, the sympathetic division of the nervous system will be activated. This division is responsible for the body's fight or flight response, which prepares the body to react to perceived threats or danger. It increases heart rate, dilates the pupils, and releases adrenaline, among other physiological responses, in order to prepare the body for action.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following statements about the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems is correct?
- A.
The sympathetic nervous system stimulates secretion of adrenaline, whereas the sympathetic nervous system inhibits secretion of adrenaline.
- B.
The parasympathetic nervous system increases contractions of the bladder, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system relaxes the bladder.
- C.
The parasympathetic nervous system increases heart rate, whereas the sympathetic nervous system restores the heart rate to its normal level of functioning.
- D.
The parasympathetic nervous system dilates the pupils, whereas the sympathetic nervous system contracts the pupils.
Correct Answer
A. The sympathetic nervous system stimulates secretion of adrenaline, whereas the sympathetic nervous system inhibits secretion of adrenaline. -
- 9.
The autonomic nervous system
- A.
Regulates movements of skeletal muscles
- B.
Initiates movements of skeletal muscles
- C.
Regulates the activities of visceral muscles, organs and glands
- D.
Regulates biofeedback and biofeedback responses
Correct Answer
C. Regulates the activities of visceral muscles, organs and glandsExplanation
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating the activities of visceral muscles, organs, and glands. This system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and hormone secretion. It works automatically and continuously to maintain homeostasis in the body by adjusting these activities based on the body's needs.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Sensory neurons carry information to the ______, and motor neurons carry information from the ______.
- A.
Somatic nervous system; peripheral nervous system
- B.
Central nervous system; somatic nervous system
- C.
Central nervous system; central nervous system
- D.
Peripheral nervous system; peripheral nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Central nervous system; central nervous systemExplanation
Sensory neurons carry information from the sensory organs to the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. On the other hand, motor neurons carry information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands in the body, allowing for movement and response. Therefore, the correct answer is central nervous system; central nervous system.Rate this question:
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