Chapter 3: Sleep (grivas)
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Unit 3 exam prep.
- 1.As we drift in and out of sleep at the start of a typical night’s sleep, we enter a sleep period known as
- A.
REM sleep.
- B.
NREM sleep
- C.
Slow wave sleep.
- D.
Delta sleep.
- 2.Compared with stages 1 and 2 of the NREM sleep period, in stages 3 and 4
- A.
Sleep is lighter and it is easier to wake the sleeper.
- B.
Theta waves are more common.
- C.
Muscle tone, heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature all increase.
- D.
Delta waves are more common.
- 3.With each complete progressive sleep cycle throughout the nightly sleep of an adolescent,
- A.
Duration of REM sleep increases.
- B.
Duration of NREM sleep increases.
- C.
Duration of REM sleep decreases.
- D.
The brain becomes less active.
- 4.The most accurate physiological measure for distinguishing between the different stages of NREM sleep is
- A.
The pattern of brain wave activity.
- B.
The presence or absence of rapid eye movements.
- C.
Sudden changes in heart rate and muscle tone.
- D.
Changes in body temperature.
- 5.The effects of partial sleep deprivation impairing daily functioning are best explained in terms of
- A.
Proportions of REM and NREM sleep.
- B.
External cues in the environment.
- C.
Biologically induced hormones.
- D.
Accrued sleep debt.
- 6.
- A.
REM
- B.
REM stage 1
- C.
NREM stage 2
- D.
NREM stage 3
- 7.Which of the following is not true of REM sleep?
- A.
During the night, REM sleep lengthens in duration.
- B.
During the night, REM sleep occurs after an NREM sleep cycle.
- C.
Muscle tone increases during REM sleep.
- D.
REM follows the lightest stages of sleep.
- 8.Studies indicate that, on average, the amount of nightly sleep required in adolescence is about _____ hours.
- A.
6.5
- B.
7
- C.
9
- D.
10–12
- 9.Which of the following can be used to collect self-reports when studying sleep?
- A.
Video monitoring
- B.
Sleep diaries
- C.
Experiments
- D.
Polygraphy
- 10.A researcher conducted an experiment to test whether sleeping immediately after learning improves memory of the learned information. On the first evening of the experiment, volunteer non-Spanish-speaking participants were required to learn a list of Spanish words. They were then allowed to sleep for an hour. On awakening, they were asked to recall as many of the words as they could. On the second evening, the same participants learnt a new list of Spanish words. They then watched a television program for an hour, after which they were asked to recall as many of the words as they could. The research design of this experiment is best described as
- A.
Repeated-measures
- B.
Independent-groups
- C.
Mixed-participants
- D.
Matched-participants
- 11.In a subsequent experiment investigating the effect of sleep on learning, half of the participants attempted condition 1 on the first day (sleeping after learning the Spanish words), then condition 2 on the second day (watching television after learning the Spanish words). The other half of the participants attempted condition 2 on the first day, then condition 1 on the second day. The experimenter used _____ to control _____ .
- A.
Order effects; counterbalancing
- B.
Counterbalancing; order effects
- C.
Single-blind; order effects
- D.
Order effects; confounding
- 12.Someone who has been sleep-deprived for a prolonged period of time is likely to _____ than they would when not deprived of sleep.
- A.
Make more errors on all types of tasks
- B.
Make fewer errors on simple, boring tasks
- C.
Make more errors on complex or interesting tasks
- D.
Make more errors on simple, boring tasks
- 13.Which stage or period of sleep is characterised by brain wave activity consisting mainly of theta waves?
- A.
REM sleep
- B.
NREM stage 1
- C.
NREM stage 2
- D.
NREM stage 4
- 14.
- A.
REM sleep.
- B.
Muscle paralysis.
- C.
NREM stage 2 sleep.
- D.
Stage 4 sleep.
- 15.
- A.
Sleep deprivation has no psychological effects.
- B.
Sleep deprivation affects one’s ability to perform cognitive tasks.
- C.
Sleep deprivation has lasting physiological effects.
- D.
The effects of sleep deprivation disappear only after the individual has slept for the same amount of time they were sleep-deprived.
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