Trivia Quiz On Part Of Human Body Chapter 25

41 Questions | By Lilmama27 | Last updated: Oct 26, 2018 | Total Attempts: 753

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Questions and Answers

1.

Which hormone causes the kidneys to retain sodium and to secrete potassium?
- A.
  
  ADH
- B.
  
  Erythropoietin
- C.
  
  Aldosterone
- D.
  
  PTH
2.

More than 99% of this cation is stored in the bones and teeth.
- A.
  
  Potassium
- B.
  
  Hydrogen
- C.
  
  Chloride
- D.
  
  Calcium
3.

This is the chief extracellular cation.
- A.
  
  Chloride
- B.
  
  Calcium
- C.
  
  Sodium
- D.
  
  Potassium
4.

This ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle.
- A.
  
  Sodium
- B.
  
  Calcium
- C.
  
  Hydrogen
- D.
  
  Potassium
5.

Most diuretics increase urine production by blocking the effects of this cations.
- A.
  
  Calcium
- B.
  
  Bicarbonate
- C.
  
  Chloride
- D.
  
  Sodium
6.

Which hormone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb calcium and to excrete phosphate?
- A.
  
  ADH
- B.
  
  Aldosterone
- C.
  
  Parathyroid hormone
- D.
  
  Erythropoietin
7.

Respiratory rate is most sensitive to the effects of this ion.
- A.
  
  Na+
- B.
  
  K+
- C.
  
  H+
- D.
  
  Cl-
8.

Which of the following anions buffers H+?
- A.
  
  Ca2+
- B.
  
  HCO-3
- C.
  
  Na+
- D.
  
  K+
9.

Which of the following is true about interstitial fluid, plasma, lymph, and transcellular fluid?
- A.
  
  Contain no electrolytes
- B.
  
  Protein-free fluids
- C.
  
  Classified as extracellular
- D.
  
  PH less than 6 (highly acidic)
10.

Which of the following forms the greatest extracellular fluid compartment?
- A.
  
  Lymph
- B.
  
  Interstitial
- C.
  
  Plasma
- D.
  
  Transcellular
11.

Which fluid compartment is located between the cells and is also called tissue fluid?
- A.
  
  lymph
- B.
  
  Plasma
- C.
  
  Interstitial
- D.
  
  Transcellular
12.

Which of the following is descriptive of normal saline?
- A.
  
  Distilled water
- B.
  
  0.9 % sodium chloride
- C.
  
  Highly acidic
- D.
  
  Contains albumin
13.

Which of the following is most likely to occur when output exceeds intake?
- A.
  
  Diuresis
- B.
  
  Polyuria
- C.
  
  Hematuria
- D.
  
  Dehydration
14.

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of this cation.
- A.
  
  Bicarbonate
- B.
  
  Sodium
- C.
  
  Potassium
- D.
  
  Albumin
15.

Poor skin turgor is most indicative of
- A.
  
  Cystitis.
- B.
  
  Acidosis.
- C.
  
  Edema.
- D.
  
  Dehydration.
16.

Kaliuresis refers to the urinary loss of
- A.
  
  Water.
- B.
  
  Albumin.
- C.
  
  Potassium.
- D.
  
  Sodium.
17.

K^{+K k K+}
- A.
  
  Is a cation.
- B.
  
  Is an acid
- C.
  
  Neutralizes H+.
- D.
  
  Is the chief extracellular cation.
18.

Bicarbonate (HCO^–₃) is considered an anion because it
- A.
  
  Contains hydrogen.
- B.
  
  Contains carbon.
- C.
  
  Contains oxygen
- D.
  
  Carries a negative charge
19.

Which of the following can be defined as an H⁺ donor?
- A.
  
  Ion
- B.
  
  Tincture
- C.
  
  Acid
- D.
  
  Bicarbonate
20.

Which of the following acts as a base?
- A.
  
  H+
- B.
  
  OH–
- C.
  
  Calcium ion
- D.
  
  Gastric juice
21.

Excess diuresis is most likely to cause
- A.
  
  Edema.
- B.
  
  Overhydration.
- C.
  
  Blood volume depletion.
- D.
  
  Acidosis.
22.

Which of the following is most likely to occur when output is less than intake?
- A.
  
  Dehydration
- B.
  
  Edema
- C.
  
  Hypovolemia
- D.
  
  Polyuria
23.

Hypoventilation is most likely to cause
- A.
  
  Acidosis.
- B.
  
  Edema.
- C.
  
  Renal excretion of bicarbonate.
- D.
  
  Hypokalemia.
24.

Which of the following is not a function of the lungs?
- A.
  
  Oxygenation of blood
- B.
  
  Excretion of carbon dioxide
- C.
  
  Secretion of aldosterone and the regulation of Na+
- D.
  
  Regulation of blood pH
25.

Hyperventilation is most likely to cause
- A.
  
  A blood pH greater than 7.45.
- B.
  
  Diuresis.
- C.
  
  Edema.
- D.
  
  Acidosis.
26.

Metabolic acidosis such as diabetic ketoacidosis is most likely to cause
- A.
  
  Hypoventilation.
- B.
  
  Kussmaul respirations.
- C.
  
  The renal excretion of bicarbonate.
- D.
  
  The renal retention of H+.
27.

Most body water is located within which space?
- A.
  
  Interstitial
- B.
  
  Intravascular
- C.
  
  Intracellular
- D.
  
  Transcellular
28.

Which of the following is not true of extracellular fluid?
- A.
  
  Most body water is extracellular.
- B.
  
  Plasma is extracellular fluid.
- C.
  
  Transcellular fluid is extracellular.
- D.
  
  There is more interstitial fluid than intravascular fluid.
29.

Which ion determines pH?
- A.
  
  Sodium
- B.
  
  Hydrogen
- C.
  
  Bicarbonate
- D.
  
  Potassium
30.

Hyperkalemia refers to an increase in the blood levels of which ion?
- A.
  
  Hydrogen
- B.
  
  Bicarbonate
- C.
  
  Calcium
- D.
  
  Potassium
31.

Retention of this ion causes water retention and edema formation.
- A.
  
  Potassium
- B.
  
  Hydrogen
- C.
  
  Sodium
- D.
  
  Bicarbonate
32.

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?
- A.
  
  PH of 7.55
- B.
  
  A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ion in the blood
- C.
  
  Urinary excretion of bicarbonate
- D.
  
  PH less than 7.35
33.

Which Which of the following is most likely to develop in a patient who hypoventilates because of a chronic respiratory disease, such as emphysema?
- A.
  
  Kussmaul respirations
- B.
  
  A decrease in the plasma concentration of hydrogen ion
- C.
  
  An increase in plasma pH
- D.
  
  Acidosis
34.

Which of the following is most likely to develop in an anxious hyperventilating patient?
- A.
  
  Respiratory acidosis
- B.
  
  Alkalosis
- C.
  
  A decrease in plasma pH
- D.
  
  Ketoacidosis
35.

Which Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?
- A.
  
  Hyperkalemia
- B.
  
  Hypernatremia and blood volume expansion
- C.
  
  Hypocalcemic tetany
- D.
  
  Alkalosis
36.

Which condition stimulates Kussmaul respirations?
- A.
  
  Respiratory acidosis
- B.
  
  Respiratory alkalosis
- C.
  
  Ketoacidosis
- D.
  
  Hypocalcemic tetany
37.

Which of the following is a buffer pair?
- A.
  
  PTH, aldosterone
- B.
  
  ADH, ANF
- C.
  
  HCO–3, H2CO3
- D.
  
  Sodium, potassium
38.

What dWhat does urinary specific gravity measure?
- A.
  
  Plasma H+ concentration
- B.
  
  Hydration status of the body
- C.
  
  Plasma potassium
- D.
  
  The buffering capacity of the blood
39.

A patient is admitted with severe emphysema and a PO₂ of 85. He also has a blood pH of 7.25 and a serum bicarbonate of 40. Which of the following is the accurate description?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Metabolic acidosis and respiratory compensation
- B.
  
  Metabolic alkalosis with a respiratory compensation
- C.
  
  Respiratory alkalosis with a renal compensation
- D.
  
  Respiratory acidosis with a renal compensation
40.

Which group is incorrect?
- A.
  
  Cations: sodium, potassium, calcium
- B.
  
  Acid-base imbalances: acidosis and alkalosis
- C.
  
  Lines of defense against acid-base imbalance: buffers, lungs, kidneys
- D.
  
  Transcellular fluids: aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma
41.

Which group is incorrect?
- A.
  
  Anions: bicarbonate, chloride, phosphate
- B.
  
  Lines of defense against acid-base imbalance: buffers, lungs, kidneys
- C.
  
  Transcellular fluids: aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid
- D.
  
  Hormones: aldosterone, ADH, ANP, urea

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