This quiz focuses on key aspects of the respiratory and renal systems, exploring principles like Boyle's law, pulmonary ventilation, and gas pressures. It assesses understanding of physiological processes critical for maintaining human health, suitable for students and professionals in medical fields.
Dissolved in plasma.
Bound to hemoglobin.
In ionic form as solute in the plasma.
Bound to the same protein as carbon dioxide.
Carried by white blood cells.
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A collapsed lung.
An acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways.
An obstructive tumor.
Characterized by fluid buildup in the alveoli.
Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Arteries.
Veins.
Venules.
Capillaries.
Arterioles.
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Are found in the seminiferous tubules.
Form the blood-testis barrier.
Coordinate spermatogenesis.
All of the above
None of the above
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Large tributaries of the renal pelvis.
Expanded ends of nephrons.
Basic functional layers of the kidney.
Conical structures that are located in the renal medulla.
The expanded ends of renal pyramids.
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Alveoli collapse
Compliance increases
Elevated PCO2 in the blood
All of the above
None of the above
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Nephron loop (loop of Henle).
Proximal convoluted tubule.
Distal convoluted tubule.
Collecting loop.
Minor calyx.
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The secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Aquaporins being inserted into the membranes of the collecting duct cells.
A high concentration of NaCl in the interstitial fluid that surrounds the collecting ducts.
A properly functioning nephron loop (loop of Henle).
All of the above
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Gonads and external genitalia.
Ducts that receive and transport the gametes.
Accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids.
All of the above
None of the above
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Secretion of hormones
Production of oocytes
Formation of immature gametes
Secretion of inhibin
All of the above
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Luteinizing hormone.
Estrogen.
Progesterone.
Both estrogen and progesterone.
Luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.
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Decrease the rate of breathing.
Increase the rate of breathing.
Decrease pulmonary ventilation
Decrease the alveolar ventilation rate.
Decrease the vital capacity.
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Produce gametes
Transport gametes
Produce hormones
Produce gametes and produce hormones
None of the above
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A bundle of tissue that contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that serve the testis.
A narrow opening that links the scrotal chamber with the peritoneal cavity.
The external marking of the boundary between the two chambers of the scrotum.
A layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac.
A dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds the testis.
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Corpora cavernosa
Prostatic urethra
Corpus spongiosum
Penile urethra
Ejaculatory duct
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The first occurrence is termed menarche
It is ultimately controlled by GnRH
It is skipped in pregnancy
It often involves painful myometrial contraction
All are true
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Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis minor
Scalenes
Serratus anterior
All of the above
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Scalene
Diaphragm
Internal intercostal
External intercostal
Serratus anterior
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Bulbourethral gland
Prostate gland
Seminal gland (seminal vesicle)
Epididymis
Ductus deferens
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Seminal fluids
Spermatozoa
Testosterone
FSH
Both spermatozoa and testosterone
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They are equal.
Intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric.
Atmospheric pressure is less than intrapulmonary.
Atmospheric pressure is more than intrapulmonary.
Intrapulmonary pressure is less than atmospheric.
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Renal sinus
Fibrous capsule
Renal pyramid
Renal papilla
Renal column
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Hydrogen.
Penicillin.
Creatinine.
Potassium ions.
All of the above
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Testis
Prostate gland
Seminal gland (seminal vesicle)
Epididymis
Ductus deferens
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Occurs under sympathetic stimulation.
Begins with peristaltic contractions of the ampulla.
Is responsible for propelling semen into the female reproductive tract.
Involves contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscle.
All of the above
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The volume of the thorax increases.
The volume of the thorax decreases.
The volume of the lungs decreases.
The lungs shrink.
Expiration occurs.
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Pyramids.
Renal columns.
Renal pelvises.
Nephrons.
Calyces.
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Relies on countercurrent multiplication
Creates high interstitial NaCl concentration in the renal medulla
Enables production of hypertonic urine
All of the above
None of the above
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Testis
Prostate gland
Seminal gland (seminal vesicle)
Epididymis
Ductus deferens
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The partial pressure of oxygen in atmospheric air
The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli
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Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is
Greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.
Equal to the pressure in the atmosphere.
Greater than intraalveolar pressure.
Less than intrapulmonic pressure.
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Respiratory minute volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Anatomical dead space
Forced vital capacity
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Is in RBCs.
Is an enzyme.
Can increase the amount of bicarbonate ion in plasma.
Can convert carbon dioxide into carbonic acid.
All of the above
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Increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex.
Decrease secretion of aldosterone.
Increase release of angiotensin II by the suprarenal glands.
Increase filtration into glomerular (Bowman's) capsule.
Decrease urinary albumin concentration.
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Urethra.
Ejaculatory duct.
Penis.
Corpus cavernosum.
Corpus spongiosum.
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Menarche
Menstruation
Menopause
Basilar phase
Menses
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The fertilized ovum implants.
Progesterone levels are high.
Endometrial glands enlarge.
The corpus luteum is formed.
All of the above
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The menses.
The proliferative phase.
The secretory phase.
The follicular phase.
The luteal phase.
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May develop in response to testosterone.
May develop in response to estrogen.
Are usually apparent at birth.
May develop in response to testosterone or estrogen.
None of the above
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Residual inhaled volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Enhanced tidal volume
Inspiratory capacity
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Gas volume and temperature are directly proportional.
Gas volume and pressure are inversely proportional.
The volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas.
In a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.
Gas pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume.
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Vasa recta
Medulla
Cortex
Pelvis
Calyces
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Urea.
Proteins.
Amino acids.
Creatine.
Hydrogen ions.
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Reabsorption
Excretion
Secretion
Filtration
Micturition
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Depends on changes in the afferent arteriole
Depends on changes in the mesangial cells
Depends on changes in the efferent arteriole
All of the above
None of the above
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There must be sufficient blood hydrostatic pressure.
The sacral spinal cord must be intact.
Nitric oxide must be present.
All of the above
None of the above
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35 mm Hg.
45 mm Hg.
55 mm Hg.
70 mm Hg.
100 mm Hg.
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Is in the pons.
Excites the apneustic center.
Inhibits the apneustic center.
Both is in the pons and excites the apneustic center.
Both is in the pons and inhibits the apneustic center.
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