Trivia Questions On Criminal Justice! Quiz

A grand jury is a group of jurors who are selected and sworn in to review evidence and determine whether there is enough evidence to bring an accused person to trial. They are chosen according to the law and play a crucial role in the criminal justice system by evaluating the validity of the charges against the accused. The grand jury's decision can lead to an indictment, which is a formal accusation that initiates the trial process. Therefore, the term "Grand Jury" is the correct answer in this context.

Booking is the correct answer because it refers to the process of officially recording an entry into detention after arrest. During booking, the person's identity, the place and time of arrest, the reason for the arrest, and the arresting authority are all documented. This step is crucial in the law enforcement or correctional administrative process as it establishes a formal record of the arrest and provides necessary information for further legal proceedings.

An indictment is a formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, usually a felony. It is a legal document that initiates the criminal trial process and signifies that there is enough evidence to proceed with a trial. Indictments are typically issued after a grand jury has reviewed the evidence presented by the prosecution and determined that there is probable cause to believe the accused committed the crime.

Probable cause refers to a set of facts and circumstances that would lead a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that a specific person has committed a particular crime. It is the level of evidence required for law enforcement to make an arrest, conduct a search, or obtain a warrant. Suspicion, on the other hand, is a general feeling or belief that someone may be involved in criminal activity, but it does not meet the level of probable cause. Information is a broad term that can refer to any data or details, which may or may not be sufficient to establish probable cause. Indictment is a formal accusation that is issued by a grand jury, based on probable cause, charging someone with a crime.

Civil justice refers to the legal system and processes that deal with private disputes between individuals or organizations. It encompasses civil law, civil procedure, and the various activities and procedures involved in seeking private rights and remedies through civil action. Unlike criminal justice, which focuses on prosecuting and punishing individuals for crimes, civil justice focuses on resolving conflicts and providing compensation or remedies to those who have been wronged. It is an essential component of the overall administration of justice in society.

Arraignment is the correct answer because it refers to the hearing before a court where the identity of the defendant is established, the defendant is informed of the charges against them, and they are required to enter a plea. This is a crucial step in the criminal justice process where the defendant's rights are explained to them and they are given an opportunity to respond to the charges. Booking refers to the administrative process of recording an arrested person's information, while trial is the formal examination of evidence and determination of guilt or innocence. Arrest simply refers to the act of taking someone into custody.

An individual order advocate is someone who seeks to protect personal freedoms within the process of criminal justice. They prioritize the rights and liberties of individuals over the interests of society as a whole. This approach focuses on ensuring fair treatment, due process, and the protection of individual rights, even if it means potentially compromising public safety or order. Individual order advocates believe that the rights and freedoms of individuals should be upheld and protected, even in the context of criminal justice proceedings.

The correct answer is the Due process model. This perspective focuses on protecting the rights of individuals throughout the entire criminal justice process. It emphasizes fair treatment, adherence to legal procedures, and ensuring that individuals are not wrongfully convicted or denied their rights. This model prioritizes the presumption of innocence, the right to a fair trial, and the need for evidence to be obtained legally. It aims to strike a balance between maintaining public safety and safeguarding individual rights.

The crime-control model is a criminal justice perspective that prioritizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders. This model believes that the primary goal of the criminal justice system should be to protect society by apprehending and punishing criminals. It emphasizes the importance of quick and decisive action, such as aggressive law enforcement and streamlined court processes, in order to deter crime and maintain public safety. This perspective values efficiency over individual rights and advocates for a strong and proactive approach to crime prevention and control.

A public-order advocate is someone who believes that in certain situations where there is a criminal threat to public safety, the interests of society as a whole should be prioritized over individual rights. This means that they support measures that may limit individual freedoms or rights in order to maintain public order and safety.

The statement suggests that civil justice and social justice are interconnected and cannot be separated from each other. This implies that achieving justice in civil matters is closely tied to achieving justice in society as a whole. In other words, a fair and equitable civil justice system is essential for promoting social justice and ensuring equal rights and opportunities for all members of society.

The conflict model is an explanation for the given answer because it suggests that the components of the criminal justice system, such as law enforcement, courts, and corrections, primarily serve their own interests rather than working together for the common good. This perspective views the system as a battleground where different groups and individuals compete for power and resources, leading to conflicts and inequalities. In contrast, the consensus model assumes that the system's components work harmoniously to achieve justice and maintain social order. Therefore, the conflict model aligns with the idea that the system's components function primarily to serve their own interests.

A trial is the correct answer because it involves the examination in court of the issues of fact and relevant law in a case. During a trial, evidence is presented, witnesses are called, and the judge or jury determines whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty. This process is used to convict or acquit the defendant based on the evidence and arguments presented.

Social justice refers to the concept of fairness and equality in society, where all individuals have equal access to resources, opportunities, and basic rights. It encompasses various aspects of civilized life, including economic, political, and social equality. Social justice is closely linked to cultural beliefs and notions of right and wrong, as it aims to address and rectify social inequalities and injustices. This includes advocating for marginalized groups, fighting against discrimination, and promoting a more equitable society.

The consensus model of criminal justice assumes that the various components of the criminal justice system (law enforcement, courts, and corrections) work together in harmony to achieve the social product of justice. This model believes that the system is based on shared values and beliefs, and that the goal is to maintain social order and protect the rights of individuals. It emphasizes cooperation and consensus among the different actors in the system, and focuses on rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders into society.