Ch 12 Biology

1. True or False? Mitosis takes place during the M phase, which is the longest phase of the cell cycle.

True

False

2. Which term describes two recently replicated DNA strands that are joined together just before cell division?

Centromere

Centrosome

Sister Chromatid

Centriole

3. To which part of the centromere do mitotic spindle fibers attach during prometaphase

Microtubule

Kinetochore

Chromosome

Centriole

4. During which stage of mitosis are chromosome slined up in the center of the cell

Anaphase

Telophase

Metaphase

Prophase

5. Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the didintegration of mitotic spindles and the formation of the two new nuclear membranes?

Metaphase

Prophase

Telophase

Anaphase

6. Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____.

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Telephase

Interphase

Anaphase

7. During which substage of mitosis do sister chromatids break apart and start moving to opposite poles of the cell?

Telophase

Metaphase

Prophase

Anaphase

8. True or false? The M phase is characterized by the replication and division of a cell's chromosomes.

True

False

9. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1216q.swf this illustrates the events of _________.

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Anaphase

Prophase

Cytokinesis as it occurs in plant cells

10. What event does NOT take place before the star of mitosis?

Organelle proliferate

DNA is replicated

The nuclear envelope disintegrates

The parent cell grows

11. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1215q.swf this illustrates the events of ________.

Cytokinesis as it occurs in plant cells

Interphase

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Anaphase

12. Which of the following events would cause the cell cycle to arrest?

Complete chromosome replication

Synthesis of cyclins by growth factors and activation of a cyclin-Cdk complex

Chromosomes lined up along the metaphase plate

Poor nutrient conditions

13. Centromeres divide and sister chromosomes become full-fledged chromosomes during _____.

Telopohase

Anaphase

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Interphase

14. Which of the following is a function of the S phase in the cell cycle?

The separation of sister chromatids

The sorting of chromosomes

The synchronization of organelle division

The synthesis of sister chromatids

15. If an organism normally has 34 chromosomes, how many molecules of DNA should there be in the G₁ phase of the cell cycle?

34

68

17

136

16. Chromosomes become visible during _____.

Interphase

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Prophase

Anaphase

17. Which of the following is/are difference(s) between the fission of a bacterium and mitosis in human cells?

Duplicated bacterial chromosomes attach to the plasma membrane. Duplicated human chromosomes are attached to each other.

Bacteria are smaller and simpler than human cells.

Human chromosomes are larger and more complex.

A bacterium has only one chromosome, human chromosomes are paired.

All of the above are differences between the fission of a bacterium and human cell division.

18. During prophase a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of _____.

Two chromosomes and two chromatids

One chromosome and four chromatids

One chromosome and two chromatids

Four chromosomes and two chromatids

Two chromosomes and four chromatids

19. A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain

92

23

46

23 or 46, depending on the portion of prophase examined

46 or 92, depending on the portion of prophase examined

20. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1212q.swfThis animation illustrates the events of _____.

Metaphase

Cytokinesis as it occurs in animal cells

Prometaphase

Cytokinesis as it occurs in plant cells

Prophase

21. Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores during _____.

Interphase

Anaphase

Metaphase

Telophase

Prometaphase

22. Which of the following is a function of meiosis but not mitosis in eukaryotes?

Production of animal gametes

Repair of damaged organs

Cell replacement

Asexual reproduction

Growth

23. The copying of chromosomes occurs during which of the following phases of the cell cycle?

S pahse

G2 phase

M phase

G1 phase

24. For the first several divisions of early frog embryos, cells proceed directly from the M phase to the S phase and back to M without gaps. Which of the following is likely to be true about dividing cells in early frog embryos?

The cells get smaller with each generation

The cells do not divide by mitosis.

The number of chromosomes decreases with each generation

Frog embryos do not have DNA.

25. In some organisms such as certain fungi and algae, cells undergo the cell cycle repeatedly without subsequently undergoing cytokinesis. What would result from this?

Inability to duplicate DNA

Large cells containing many nuclei

Division of the organism into many cells, most lacking nuclei

A decrease in chromosome number

A rapid rate of gamete production

26. Which of these is NOT a carcinogen?

UV light

Testosterone

Cigarette smoke

Fat

All of the above are carcinogens

27. During ________ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided.

Mitotic phase

Mitosis

G2

G1

S

28. Nucleoli are present during _____.

Interphase

Metaphase

Prophase

Prometaphse

Anaphase

29. It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes with a light microscope during interphase because _____.

They leave the nucleus and are dispersed to other parts of the cell

Sister chromatids do not pair up until division starts

The DNA has not been replicated yet

They have uncoiled to form long, thin strands

The spindle must move them to the metaphase plate before they become visible

30. The kinetochores _____.

Of each spindle interdigitate at the cell's equator and then move apart, causing the cell to elongate

Are the primary centromere structures that maintain the attachment of the sister chromatids prior to mitosis

Are sites at which microtubules attach to chromosomes

Are located at the center of the centrosome; their function is to organize tubulin into elongated bundles called spindle fibers

31. Which of the following correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its description?

S: immediately precedes cell division

G2: cell division

M: duplication of DNA

G1: follows cell division

All of the above are correctly matched.

32. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1213q.swf This animation illustrates the events of _____.

Anaphase

Prometaphase

Interphase

Prophase

Telophase

33. A benign tumor, but not a malignant tumor, is one in which the cancerous cells _____.

Have an unusual number of chromosomes

Migrate from the initial site of transformation to other organs or tissues

Remain confined to their original site

Are the result of the transformation of normal cells

Can divide indefinitely if an adequate supply of nutrients is available

34. _____ is a carcinogen that promotes colon cancer.

Fat

UV light

Estrogen

A virus

Testosterone

35. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1214q.swf this illustrates the events of ________.

Metaphase

Telophase

Prophase

Anaphase

Prometaphase

36. Cells will usually divide if they receive the proper signal at a checkpoint in the _____ phase of the cell cycle

Cytokinesis

M

G2

G1

S

37. During ________ the cell grows and replicates both its organelles and its chromosomes

Cytokinesis

S

Mitosis

Interphase

G1

38. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1217q.swf this illustrates the events of ________.

Telophase

Metaphase

Prophase

Anaphase

Prometaphase

39. Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts microfilament formation. This chemical would interfere with _____.

Formation of the mitotic spindle

Binary fission

Cleavage

Formation of the cell plate

DNA replication

40. Https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_campbell_biology_8/img/activities_quizzes/1211q.swfThis animation illustrates the events of _____.

Metaphase

Interphase

Prophase

Anaphase

Telophase