PGDCA Second Semester Exam: Quiz!

A LAN stands for Local Area Network. It is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area, such as an office building or a school campus. LANs are commonly used to share resources, such as printers and files, and to facilitate communication between connected devices. Unlike Long Area Networks or Ludacris Area Networks, which are not recognized networking terms, a Local Area Network is a well-known and widely used concept in computer networking. A Live Area Network is also not a recognized term in networking.

A pen drive can connect to a USB port. USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard interface that allows for the connection of various devices to a computer. It is widely used for connecting peripherals such as pen drives, external hard drives, keyboards, mice, and more. The USB port provides a fast and convenient way to transfer data between the pen drive and the computer.

A mouse is a pointing device that is used to move a pointer on the screen and make selections. It typically has buttons that can be clicked to perform different actions. The mouse is an essential tool for navigating and interacting with graphical user interfaces, allowing users to control the cursor and select items on the screen with precision and ease. It is a common input device for computers and is widely used for various tasks such as browsing the internet, playing games, and operating software applications.

In C++ programming language, lines of code must be ended with a semi-colon (;) punctuation mark. This is known as the statement terminator in C++ and it indicates the end of a line of code. It is important to include this punctuation to ensure that the code is syntactically correct and can be compiled and executed properly.

Each command line must have a semicolon (;) at the end.

One megabyte (MB) is equal to 1024 kilobytes (KB). This is because computers use a binary system, where each unit is a power of 2. In this system, 1 kilobyte is equal to 1024 bytes, and 1 megabyte is equal to 1024 kilobytes. Therefore, the correct answer is 1024KB.

The correct answer is "http://www.yahoo.com" because it is the only option that starts with "http://" which is the standard protocol for accessing websites on the internet. The other options are an email address, a local file directory, and an IP address, which are not valid URLs.

The shortcut for PASTE in Windows operating systems is Ctrl + V. This combination of keys is commonly used to paste copied or cut content into a document or application.

A printer is an output device that produces output on paper. It is used to print documents, images, or any other digital content onto physical paper. Unlike a monitor, keyboard, or mouse, which are input devices or display devices, a printer specifically functions to generate hard copies of digital information.

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, including the monitor, keyboard, memory chips, and hard drive. These are tangible parts that can be seen and touched. Software, on the other hand, refers to the programs, applications, and data that are stored on the hardware and enable the computer to perform specific tasks. Firmware is a type of software that is embedded in a hardware device, providing low-level control and functionality. Output refers to the information or data that is produced by a computer system and displayed or presented to the user.

The preprocessor directive #include is required if both console input and output is used. This directive allows the program to access the input and output stream objects defined in the iostream library, which are necessary for reading input from the console and displaying output on the console.

C++ supports all of the given options: multiple inheritance, pointer to functions, and recursion. Multiple inheritance allows a class to inherit from multiple base classes, providing flexibility in creating complex class hierarchies. Pointer to functions is a feature in C++ that allows functions to be stored in variables and passed as arguments to other functions. Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself, allowing for the solution of complex problems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable subproblems. Therefore, the correct answer is "All".

The correct answer is "main()". In C programming, the "main()" function is the entry point of the program. It is the function where the program starts its execution. Every C program must have a "main()" function in order to run. Without the "main()" function, the program will not be able to execute any code. It is the mandatory function that serves as the starting point for the program's execution.

The C language is case-sensitive, meaning that it distinguishes between lowercase and uppercase letters. This means that variables, function names, and other identifiers must be written with the same capitalization each time they are used. For example, "variable" and "Variable" would be treated as two different identifiers in C. This is important to keep in mind when writing code in C to avoid any potential errors or conflicts.

Ethernet uses the Bus topology. In this topology, all devices are connected to a single cable, known as the bus. Data is transmitted in both directions on the bus, and all devices on the network receive the transmitted data. The Bus topology is simple and cost-effective, as it requires less cabling compared to other topologies. However, it can be prone to collisions and performance issues if multiple devices try to transmit data simultaneously.

The period of an accounting year is from 1 April to 31 March. This is because in most countries, including India, the financial year is aligned with the calendar year, starting on 1 April and ending on 31 March of the following year. This allows for easier tax calculations and reporting, as well as consistency in financial reporting across different organizations.

The motherboard serves as the circuit board that provides electrical connections by which all other components communicate. It is the main printed circuit board in a computer that houses the CPU, RAM, and other essential components. The motherboard acts as a central hub, allowing data and power to flow between all the hardware components, facilitating communication and coordination among them. Without a motherboard, the various hardware components would not be able to communicate with each other effectively.

A nibble is a unit of digital information that consists of 4 bits. It represents a single hexadecimal digit, which can range from 0 to 15. Therefore, the correct answer is 4 bits.

Bjarne Stroustrup is the correct answer because he is the creator of the C++ programming language. He developed C++ in the early 1980s as an extension of the C programming language. Stroustrup wanted to add object-oriented programming features to C, resulting in the creation of C++. His work on C++ has had a significant impact on the field of programming, making it a widely used language for a variety of applications.

Both statements are correct. Constructors can take arguments, allowing for the initialization of objects with specific values. On the other hand, destructors cannot take any arguments, as their purpose is to clean up resources and memory allocated by the object. Additionally, constructors can be overloaded, meaning that multiple constructors with different parameters can be defined in a class. However, destructors cannot be overloaded as there can only be one destructor per class.

A destructor is a special member function in a class that is used to clean up the resources allocated by an object when it is destroyed. It is called automatically when an object goes out of scope or is explicitly deleted. In C++, a destructor does not take any arguments. Its purpose is to release memory, close files, or perform any other necessary cleanup operations. Therefore, the correct answer is "Zero arguments".

A NULL pointer can be used in multiple ways. Firstly, it can be used to stop indirection in a recursive data structure, where a NULL pointer indicates the end of the structure. Secondly, it can be used as an error value, where a NULL pointer signifies that an error has occurred. Lastly, a NULL pointer can also be used as a sentinel value, which is a special value used to mark the end of a list or data structure. Therefore, the correct answer is that a NULL pointer can be used for all of these purposes.

In C++, by default, the members of a class are private. This means that they can only be accessed within the class itself and are not accessible from outside the class. Private members are used to encapsulate the internal implementation details of a class and provide data hiding, ensuring that the class's data is only accessed and modified through the class's public interface. Other access specifiers like public and protected can be used to explicitly specify the accessibility of class members.

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The correct operator to compare two variables is "==" in many programming languages. This operator checks if the values of two variables are equal. The double equals sign is used to differentiate it from the assignment operator "=" which is used to assign a value to a variable. Therefore, "==" is the correct operator for comparing two variables.

SATA (Serial ATA) is the current standard interface for connecting internal hard drives to the motherboard in desktop computers. It has replaced older interfaces like EIDE and SCSI due to its faster data transfer rates, improved performance, and smaller cables. SATA offers higher bandwidth and supports hot swapping, making it the preferred choice for modern desktop computers. USB, on the other hand, is primarily used for connecting external devices, while EIDE and SCSI are outdated interfaces that are no longer widely used in new computer systems.

The operator "

Operator overloading in C++ refers to the ability to redefine how operators work with objects. This allows programmers to use operators such as +, -, *, /, etc., with user-defined objects, enabling them to perform operations specific to those objects. Additionally, operator overloading also allows programmers to give new meanings or behaviors to existing operators, providing more flexibility and customization in their code.

The correct answer is "All" because all the options mentioned - Automatic, Static, and Allocated - are storage classes in programming. Automatic storage class is used to declare variables that have a local scope and are automatically initialized. Static storage class is used to declare variables that retain their values throughout the program's execution. Allocated storage class is used for dynamically allocating memory during runtime. Therefore, all the options mentioned are storage classes.

The output of the code will be 11, 16.
In the line "x = x++", the value of x is incremented by 1 but the assignment happens after the increment, so the value of x remains the same (10).
In the line "y = ++y", the value of y is incremented by 1 and then assigned to y, so the value of y becomes 16.

The "break" statement is used to terminate a case in the switch statement, allowing the program to exit the switch block and continue execution after the switch statement. Additionally, it can also be used to force immediate termination of a loop, causing the program to exit the loop and continue with the next statement after the loop. Therefore, the correct answer is both.

The line "if, else, for, while do, switch, continue, break" has all reserved words. Reserved words are words that are predefined and have special meaning in a programming language. In this line, all the words listed are reserved words in the C programming language.

In bus topology networks, all devices are connected to a single cable, known as the bus. Coaxial cable is most commonly used in bus topology networks because it is capable of carrying signals over long distances without significant loss or interference. It has a central conductor surrounded by insulation, a metallic shield, and an outer insulating layer. The metallic shield helps to minimize signal interference, making it suitable for bus topology networks where multiple devices share the same cable. UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable, STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) cable, and fiber-optic cable are not typically used in bus topology networks.

The output of the program will be "The value of a is 2 The value of a is 3".


In the main function, the value of 'a' is incremented by 1 before it is printed, so the first printf statement will print "The value of a is 2".

Then, the function 'func' is called, but it does not have any effect on the value of 'a' in the main function.

After that, the second printf statement in the main function will print "The value of a is 3" because 'a' was incremented again before it was printed.

A pen drive uses flash memory. Flash memory is a type of non-volatile storage that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used in portable storage devices like pen drives due to its compact size, durability, and ability to retain data even when power is disconnected. Unlike cache memory, which is used by the CPU to store frequently accessed data for faster processing, flash memory is used for long-term storage of files and data. Physical memory refers to the actual hardware components that store data, while RAM is a type of volatile memory used for temporary storage during program execution.

The term "software" refers to the set of instructions that directs the hardware in a computer to accomplish a task. Software is a collection of programs, data, and instructions that tell the computer how to perform specific tasks. It is the non-tangible part of a computer system that enables the hardware to function and carry out different operations. Without software, the hardware would be useless as it would not know what tasks to perform or how to execute them.

All of these options are common interfaces for connecting an external hard drive to a computer. This means that none of these options are NOT a common interface for connecting an external hard drive to a computer. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of these are common interfaces."

Function overloading refers to the ability to have multiple functions with the same name but different parameters or argument types in a programming language. This allows the programmer to define multiple functions with the same name but perform different operations based on the type or number of arguments passed to the function. It provides flexibility and code reusability by allowing the programmer to use a single function name for similar operations with different input parameters.

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The correct comment is /* Comment */. This is because it is written in the format of a C-style comment, which is enclosed between /* and */. This format is commonly used in programming languages like C, C++, and Java to add comments in the code that are ignored by the compiler or interpreter.

The variable type "real" is not a correct variable type in many programming languages. The correct variable types in this context are double, float, and int. "Real" is not a recognized variable type and is likely included as a distractor in this question.

When creating a structure in programming, the keyword "struct" is used. This keyword is used to define a new data type that can contain different variables of different types. It allows for the grouping of related data together under a single name. So, in order to create a structure, the keyword "struct" is used.

The resolution of a display card refers to the number of pixels that can be displayed on a screen. It determines the level of detail and sharpness in the images and text displayed. A higher resolution means a greater number of pixels, resulting in a clearer and more detailed display. The number of colors, amount of memory, and speed of the CPU do not directly affect the resolution of a display card.

An external modem requires an AC adapter to get powered on. This is because an AC adapter converts the alternating current from a power outlet into the direct current required by the modem. The modem needs a stable and consistent power supply to function properly, and the AC adapter provides the necessary power source.

Assets are the property of the owner. This means that the owner has legal rights and control over the assets. Assets can include tangible items such as buildings, equipment, and inventory, as well as intangible items such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights. The owner can use, sell, or transfer these assets as they see fit, and they are responsible for managing and maintaining the value of the assets.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is responsible for calculations, moving, and processing information in a computer. It is often considered the "brain" of the computer, as it performs the majority of the processing tasks. The CPU executes instructions, performs arithmetic and logical operations, and manages the flow of data within the computer system. It interacts with other components, such as RAM and the motherboard, to carry out these tasks efficiently.

Bandwidth refers to the measurement of how much information can be carried in a given time period, typically a second, over a wired or wireless communications link. It is not specifically related to the speed of data transfer from the server to the client or a unit of computer storage. Therefore, the correct answer is that bandwidth is a measurement of how much information can be carried in a given time period over a communications link.

The latest standard in RAM that new motherboards are supporting is DDR3. DDR3 stands for Double Data Rate 3, which is an improved version of DDR2 RAM. It offers higher bandwidth and faster data transfer rates compared to its predecessor. DDR3 RAM modules are widely used in modern computers and are compatible with newer motherboards.

A reference is an alias for an object, meaning that it is another name for the same object in memory. It allows us to access and manipulate the object using a different name. This can be useful when we want to have multiple names for the same object or when we want to pass objects to functions without making copies of them.

A hard drive is not a common component to be integrated into a motherboard. While sound cards, video cards, and network cards are commonly integrated into motherboards to enhance the audio, video, and networking capabilities of a computer, a hard drive is typically a separate component that is connected to the motherboard via cables. It is responsible for storing and retrieving data, but it is not directly integrated into the motherboard itself.