Carbohydrate Metabolism Lecture Questions

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1. What is the process that occurs in the presence of oxygen called?

Microaerophilic

Glycogenic

Anaerobic

Aerobic

Aerobic respiration is the process that occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Explanation

Aerobic respiration is the process that occurs in the presence of oxygen.

About This Quiz

Carbohydrate Metabolism Lecture Questions - Quiz

Are you looking for the important lecture questions on carbohydrate metabolism? Here, we have a quiz that includes the topic of carbohydrate metabolism to check your knowledge of the same. Carbohydrate metabolism is the basic fundamental biochemical process in living organisms that is responsible for the metabolic formation, breakdown, and... see moreinterconversion of carbohydrates. It ensures the supply of energy to all living cells. If you want to see if you really know about this process or not, try the quiz below.
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2. Gluconeogenesis is most important?

After exercise

After meals

After prolonged fasting

Between lunch and dinner.

With anaerobic conditions

Overnight fasting releases glucagon in amounts which stimulate glycogenolysis. Prolonged fasting and depletion of glycogen stores results in activation of gluconeogenesis.

Explanation

Overnight fasting releases glucagon in amounts which stimulate glycogenolysis. Prolonged fasting and depletion of glycogen stores results in activation of gluconeogenesis.

3. The primary source of energy (ATP) under conditions of oxygen limitation in tissues is?

The Alanine Cycle

The Kreb’s Cycle (TCA)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Glycolysis

Anaerobic glycolysis produces 2 ATP per glucose metabolized. Lactate is the product formed from pyruvate to allow cycling of NAD+.

Explanation

Anaerobic glycolysis produces 2 ATP per glucose metabolized. Lactate is the product formed from pyruvate to allow cycling of NAD+.

4. An important allosteric regulator of gluconeogenesis is fatty-acyl-CoA.

True

False

Fatty-acyl-CoA’s are substrates for beta oxidation in mitochondria (catabolism). Acetyl-CoA is a 2 carbon substrate attached to CoA which serves as the allosteric effector of pyruvate carboxylase.

Explanation

Fatty-acyl-CoA’s are substrates for beta oxidation in mitochondria (catabolism). Acetyl-CoA is a 2 carbon substrate attached to CoA which serves as the allosteric effector of pyruvate carboxylase.

5. High free fatty acids are a hallmark of metabolic syndrome, a common precondition of Type II diabetes. High circulating fatty acids chronically cause modified phosphorylation on the intracellular domain of the insulin receptor, with reduced PI3K and reduced GLUT4 activity. How is low GLUT4 activity relevant to diabetes?

It causes retinopathy.

It prevents glucose utilization by cells.

It stimulates fructose uptake by cells.

It leads to hyper-stimulation of glycolysis.

GLUT translocases have primary responsibility for glucose transport in liver. There are other glucose translocases, not influenced by insulin under normal circumstances.

Explanation

GLUT translocases have primary responsibility for glucose transport in liver. There are other glucose translocases, not influenced by insulin under normal circumstances.

6. In anaerobic respiration, the end product is _____________.

Ethyl alcohol

Carbon dioxide

Both A and B

Oxygen

In anaerobic respiration, the end product is ethyl alcohol and CO_2.

Explanation

In anaerobic respiration, the end product is ethyl alcohol and CO_2.

7. The most important allosteric regulator of glycolysis is fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.

True

False

Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate controls PFK-1 activity (activates) allosterically. It also regulates Fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase by comp. inhibition. (Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is a glycolytic intermediate, not an enzyme effector).

Explanation

8. Several inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism can cause fasting hypoglycemia. The most severe fasting hypoglycemia has to be expected in deficiencies of:

Phosphofructokinase

Aldolase

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis result in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate, which can be converted to free glucose by only one enzyme found in the liver: Glucose-6-phosphatase.

Explanation

Both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis result in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate, which can be converted to free glucose by only one enzyme found in the liver: Glucose-6-phosphatase.

9. Ischemic tissues have an increased rate of glycolysis. Most of this is not fueled by extracellular supply of glucose, but rather by locally stored glycogen that is degraded in response to ischemia. This response depends on the activation of glycogen phosphorylase by:

ATP

AMP

Low pH

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose 6-phosphate

AMP activates the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in muscle tissues. Divalent calcium is also a similar allosteric effector of glycogen phosphorylase in liver.

Explanation

AMP activates the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in muscle tissues. Divalent calcium is also a similar allosteric effector of glycogen phosphorylase in liver.

10. Number of hepatic translocases and/or enzymes which could be responsible for an observed failure of a patient to convert cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate into intracellular free glucose?

At least five ‘proteins or enzymes’, many more genes are involved because some of the translocases are multi-subunit, derived from multiple genes.

Explanation

At least five ‘proteins or enzymes’, many more genes are involved because some of the translocases are multi-subunit, derived from multiple genes.