10-Item Test On Energy Metabolism

2.

The hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase results in

Bringing glucose and fructose together to form sucrose.
Utilization of water as a glycosidic linkage is formed between glucose and fructose.
Combination of glucose and fructose to form sucrase.
The addition of free water to sucrose as the linkage between glucose and fructose is formed.
Breaking the bond between glucose and fructose by breaking a water molecule and adding an H+ to one and an OH- to the other.

Correct Answer

A. Breaking the bond between glucose and fructose by breaking a water molecule and adding an H+ to one and an OH- to the other.

Explanation

The hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase involves breaking the bond between glucose and fructose. This is achieved by breaking a water molecule and adding an H+ ion to one molecule and an OH- ion to the other. This process is known as hydrolysis, where water is used to break down a compound into its constituent parts. In the case of sucrose, the bond between glucose and fructose is broken, resulting in the formation of two separate molecules.

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1

3.

Which term most precisely describes the general process of combining small molecules to form large molecules ?

Exothermic reaction
Dehydration reaction.
Metabolism
Catabolism
Anabolism

Correct Answer

A. Anabolism

Explanation

Anabolism is the term that most precisely describes the general process of combining small molecules to form large molecules. This process involves the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy input. It is a key component of metabolism, which refers to all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism to maintain life. Catabolism, on the other hand, refers to the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, while exothermic reaction and dehydration reaction are more specific types of chemical reactions that may or may not involve the formation of large molecules.

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4.

After digestion, what happens when glucose is not immediately metabolized or converted to glycogen?

It is directed towards the large intestine where it is immediately excreted in the form of feces.
It is reabsorbed in the small intestine.
Hyperglycemia will develop.
Hypoglycemia will deveop.
The blood will become acidic.

Correct Answer

A. Hyperglycemia will develop.

Explanation

When glucose is not immediately metabolized or converted to glycogen, it can lead to an increase in blood glucose levels, resulting in hyperglycemia. This occurs when there is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream, which can happen if the body is unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Hyperglycemia can have various causes, such as insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs.

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5.

Which of the following statements does not describe glycolysis?

It is an aerobic process.
It is also known as the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway.
It supplies the ATP needed for muscle contraction.
It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
It breaks down a molecule of glucose to 2 molecules of pyruvate.

Correct Answer

A. It is an aerobic process.

Explanation

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and breaks down a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It is also known as the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway. One of the key features of glycolysis is that it does not require oxygen, making it an anaerobic process. Therefore, the statement "It is an aerobic process" does not describe glycolysis accurately.

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6.

How many molecules of ATP are produced from the metabolism of 1 molecule of glucose?

40
36
26
12
2

Correct Answer

A. 36

Explanation

During cellular respiration, one molecule of glucose produces a total of 36 molecules of ATP. This occurs through a series of reactions, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In glycolysis, two molecules of ATP are produced. The Krebs cycle generates two more ATP molecules. Finally, oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the electron transport chain, produces a total of 32 ATP molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is 36.

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7.

The following are the important products of glycolysis except

2 molecules of NADH.
2 molecules of ADP.
2 molecules of pyruvate.
2 molecules of ATP.

Correct Answer

A. 2 molecules of ADP.

Explanation

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH in the process. The important products of glycolysis include 2 molecules of NADH, which are produced when NAD+ is reduced to NADH during the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Additionally, glycolysis produces 2 molecules of pyruvate, which are the end products of the pathway, and 2 molecules of ATP, which are generated through substrate-level phosphorylation. However, ADP is not a product of glycolysis; it is a reactant that is converted to ATP during the process. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 molecules of ADP.

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8.

The following conditions / processes will remove excess glucose from the blood except

Glycogenesis.
Glycogenolysis.
Presence of insulin.
Conversion to fat.

Correct Answer

A. Glycogenolysis.

Explanation

Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose to release it into the bloodstream. This process actually increases the amount of glucose in the blood rather than removing excess glucose. On the other hand, glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage, which helps remove excess glucose from the blood. The presence of insulin also helps remove excess glucose by facilitating its uptake into cells. Conversion to fat is another way of removing excess glucose from the blood by storing it as energy reserves. Therefore, the only process that does not remove excess glucose from the blood is glycogenolysis.

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9.

Which of the following functions is not performed by insulin?

It promotes glucose absorption in the bloodstream.
It increases cellular uptake of glucose.
It inhibits glycogenolysis.
It promotes the oxidation of glucose in the cell.

Correct Answer

A. It promotes glucose absorption in the bloodstream.

Explanation

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. It promotes the cellular uptake of glucose, meaning it helps cells take in glucose from the bloodstream. It also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Additionally, insulin promotes the oxidation of glucose in the cell, which is the process of converting glucose into energy. However, insulin does not directly promote glucose absorption in the bloodstream. Instead, it facilitates the movement of glucose from the bloodstream into the cells.

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10.

All of the following conditions may likely happen when carbohydrate is totally removed from the diet except

The body will switch into preparing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
The blood may become acidic due to the formation of ketone and acids as byproducts of the metabolism of fatty acids.
The person may lose weight.
Glucose may accumulate in the bloodstream resulting to hyperglycemia.

Correct Answer

A. Glucose may accumulate in the bloodstream resulting to hyperglycemia.

Explanation

When carbohydrate is totally removed from the diet, the body will switch into preparing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. This is because glucose is the primary source of energy for the body and it needs to be maintained at a certain level for proper functioning. The blood may become acidic due to the formation of ketones and acids as byproducts of the metabolism of fatty acids. This is known as ketosis. The person may lose weight because the body will start using stored fat for energy. However, glucose will not accumulate in the bloodstream resulting in hyperglycemia since there is no source of glucose in the diet.

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10-item Test On Energy Metabolism

Which of the following statements is true about catabolic pathways?

Quiz Preview

The hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase results in

Which term most precisely describes the general process of combining small molecules to form large molecules ?

After digestion, what happens when glucose is not immediately metabolized or converted to glycogen?

Which of the following statements does not describe glycolysis?

How many molecules of ATP are produced from the metabolism of 1 molecule of glucose?

The following are the important products of glycolysis except

The following conditions / processes will remove excess glucose from the blood except

Which of the following functions is not performed by insulin?

All of the following conditions may likely happen when carbohydrate is totally removed from the diet except