Campbell Biology - Chapter 5 - The Working Cell
The scientific study of biology covers all of the bases of life, looking at bacteria, animals, plants and oh so much more, but in the following quiz, we’ll be taking a closer look under the microscope to see what little building blocks are used to make up all of these organisms; the cells! What do you know about the cell, its structure, and its many functions? Take the quiz to find out!
- 1.Biological membranes are composed of what? (Check all that apply.)
- A.
Phospholipids
- B.
Proteins
- C.
Fluid mosaic
- 2.What keeps the phospholipids in a fluid mosaic (membrane) from being packed too tightly together? What keeps it so fluid?
- A.
Enzymes
- B.
Double bond "kinks" in the unsaturated fatty acid layer
- C.
Monosaccharides
- 3.What role does the steroid cholesterol play in the phospholipid bilayer?
- A.
None - there is no cholesterol in a phospholipid bilayer.
- B.
The cholesterol helps keep the membrane fluid.
- C.
The cholesterol helps stabilize and keep the bilayer warm and fluid at colder temperatures.
- 4.More than 50 kinds of proteins have been found in the plasma membrane of red blood cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.Membranes have selective permeability. What does this mean?
- A.
They do not allow any substances to pass through.
- B.
They allow all substances to pass through.
- C.
They allow some substances to pass through.
- 6.What is "diffusion"?
- A.
The tendency for particles to spread out evenly in an available space.
- B.
A chemical process that releases energy.
- C.
Another word for the photosynthesis process.
- 7.Imagine a small area of water that is divided in half by a membrane that is permeable to dye, meaning that dye molecules can pass through it. Red dye is placed on just one side of the membrane. What will happen?
- A.
The red dye will stay on one side of the membrane.
- B.
All of the red dye will move to the other side of the membrane.
- C.
Some of the red dye will move to the other side until both sides of the membrane are equally filled with red dye molecules.
- 8.Diffusion requires energy from cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.Suppose there is a membrane that is permeable to water but NOT to glucose. The membrane is in the water. Glucose is mixed in the water on both sides of the membrane. Although there is an EQUAL amount of water on both sides of the membrane, here are more glucose molecules on one side of the membrane. What will happen?
- A.
Nothing
- B.
More water will migrate through the membrane towards the side with MORE glucose molecules
- C.
More water will migrate through the membrane towards the side with FEWER glucose molecules
- 10.When an animal cell is submerged in an isotonic solution, the cell's volume will remain constant. In other words, it will neither shrivel up nor "explode."
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 11.Animal cells have a tendency to burst like balloons in hypotonic solutions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.Animal cells in a hypertonic solution will shrivel up and die.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 13.Plant cells thrive in an isotonic solution.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.Plant cells shrivel up in hypertonic solutions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.What is a hypotonic solution?
- A.
A solution with a solute concentration lower than that of a cell
- B.
A solution with a solute concentration higher than that of a cell
- C.
A solution with a solute concentration equal to that of a cell
- 16.What does a transport protein do?
- A.
Transport certain solutes through the cell membrane
- B.
Transport DNA instructions to ribosomes
- C.
Turn the phospholipid bilayer inside-out
- 17.What is an aquaporin?
- A.
A type of blood cell
- B.
A base solution
- C.
A membrane protein that allows the rapid entry and exit of water molecules.
- 18.What does a cell use to move a solute against its concentration gradient (ie, moving a through a membrane to a side where the solute is more concentrated)?
- A.
Aquaporins
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Diffusion
- 19.Which process do cells use to take in a substance?
- A.
Exocytosis
- B.
Endocytosis
- 20.Kinetic energy is associated with...
- A.
Thermal energy (random movement of atoms/molecules)
- B.
Light energy (used for photosynthesis)
- C.
Both A and B
- 21.Chemical energy is a potential energy.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 22.What is cellular respiration?
- A.
The rhythmic breathing of a cell
- B.
Energy conversion (converting "food" energy to ATP)
- C.
Cytoplasmic regulation
- 23.An enzyme is a type of carbohydrate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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