Biology 1401 Chapter 7 How Cells Harvest Energy
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- 1.A molecule that stores energy by linking charged phosphate groups each other is called
- A.
ATP.
- B.
NADH.
- C.
FADH.
- D.
Cyclic AMP.
- E.
Pyruvate.
- 2.An electron carrier that is used in harvesting energy from glucose molecules in a series of gradual steps in the cytoplasm is
- A.
Pyruvate.
- B.
Cyclic AMP.
- C.
ATP.
- D.
NAD+.
- E.
NADH.
- 3.In eukaryotes, the glycolytic reactions take place in the
- A.
Mitochondria of the cell.
- B.
Cytoplasm of the cell.
- C.
Ribosomes of the cell.
- D.
Endoplasmic reticulum of each cell.
- E.
Golgi bodies of the cell.
- 4.The first stage of cellular respiration is
- A.
Decarboxylation.
- B.
Deamination.
- C.
Fermentation.
- D.
Chemiosmosis.
- E.
Glycolysis.
- 5.In the absence of oxygen, hydrogen atoms generated by glycolysis are donated to organic molecules in a process called
- A.
Fermentation.
- B.
Decarboxylation.
- C.
Chemiosmosis.
- D.
Electron transport chain reactions.
- E.
Acetyl-CoA formation.
- 6.Which of the following statements abotu fermentation is false?
- A.
Fermentation takes place only in the absence of oxygen.
- B.
The recipient of hydrogen atoms is an organic molecule.
- C.
Water is not one of the by-products.
- D.
The Krebs cycle and electron transfer system do not occur.
- E.
Cells can only undergo one type of fermentation.
- 7.Chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by
- A.
Pi transfer through the plasma membrane.
- B.
The NA+/K+ pump.
- C.
A difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the mitochondrial membrane.
- D.
Osmosis of macromolecules.
- E.
Large quantities of ADP.
- 8.The reaction, C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2) = 6 CO(2) + 6 H(2)O, when it occurs in living cells is known as
- A.
Aerobic fermentation.
- B.
Anaerobic fermentation.
- C.
Aerobic respiration.
- D.
Glycolysis.
- E.
Oxidative phosphorylation.
- 9.In oxidative respiration, energy is harvested from glucose molecules in a sequence of four major pathways. Which of the following is not one of these four pathways?
- A.
Krebs cycle
- B.
Glycolysis
- C.
Electron transfer through the transport chain
- D.
Beta oxidation
- E.
Pyruvate oxidation
- 10.A process common to all living organisms, aerobic and anaerobic, is
- A.
Glycolysis.
- B.
Fermentation.
- C.
The Krebs cycle.
- D.
Electron transport chain reactions.
- E.
Pyruvate oxidation.
- 11.All of the following are the end products of glycolysis except
- A.
Pyruvate.
- B.
ATP.
- C.
NADH.
- D.
NAD+.
- E.
Energy.
- 12.The end-product of glycolysis is
- A.
ATP.
- B.
NAD+.
- C.
Alcohol.
- D.
ADP.
- E.
Pyruvate.
- 13.The enzymes catalyzing the reactions of glycolysis are found in the
- A.
Mitochondria.
- B.
Cytoplasm.
- C.
Chloroplasts.
- D.
Nucleus.
- E.
Golgi apparatus.
- 14.The decarboxylation step of oxidation of pyruvate takes place in the
- A.
Cytoplasm.
- B.
Golgi body.
- C.
Ribosome.
- D.
Mitochondrion.
- E.
Nucleus.
- 15.The decarboxylation of pyruvate produces all of the following except
- A.
NADH.
- B.
Acetyl-CoA.
- C.
CO(2).
- D.
ATP.
- 16.In the cyclic reaction sequence called the Krebs cycle, the following chemical events take place except
- A.
The acetyl group is joined with a four carbon molecule, oxaloacetate.
- B.
The resulting six carbon molecule is oxidized.
- C.
Electrons generated are used to produce NADH.
- D.
Two carbons per cycle are made into CO(2) molecules.
- E.
Pyruvate molecules are restored to the cycle.
- 17.A single glucose molecule can drive the Krebs cycle
- A.
One turn.
- B.
Two turns.
- C.
Three turns.
- D.
Four turns.
- E.
Six turns.
- 18.The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are
- A.
ATP and ADP.
- B.
Pyruvate and acetyl-CoA.
- C.
FADH(2) and NADH.
- D.
NAD and NADH.
- E.
NADH and ATP.
- 19.The oxygen utilized in cellular respiration finally shows up as
- A.
CO(2).
- B.
ATP.
- C.
New O(2).
- D.
H(2)O.
- E.
Part of a sugar.
- 20.The enzymes of the Krebs cycle are located in the
- A.
Cytoplasm.
- B.
Inter-membrane space of mitochondria.
- C.
Vesicles of the ER.
- D.
Outer membrane of the mitochondria.
- E.
Matrix of the mitochondria.
- 21.Since membranes are relatively impermeable to ions, most of the protons re-enter the matrix of mitochondria by passing through special channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Because of the inward flow of protons these channels allow the synthesis of
- A.
ADP from ATP and Pi.
- B.
ATP from ADP and Pi.
- C.
Glucose from pyruvate.
- D.
Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate.
- E.
Citrate from oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA.
- 22.Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor used, one of the products of fermentation is always
- A.
ADP.
- B.
ATP.
- C.
NAD+.
- D.
Pyruvate.
- E.
Alcohol.
- 23.Yeast cells under anaerobic conditions
- A.
Die.
- B.
Produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol).
- C.
Produce oxygen.
- D.
Switch to oxidative respiration.
- E.
Push the glycolytic pathway backward.
- 24.In muscle cells, fermentation produces not alcohol but
- A.
ATP.
- B.
NADH.
- C.
Pyruvate.
- D.
Kinetic energy.
- E.
Lactic acid.
- 25.During respiration the final acceptor of the hydrogen atoms is
- A.
Oxygen.
- B.
Carbon dioxide.
- C.
Water.
- D.
Glucose.
- E.
Pyruvate.
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