Cellular Respiration And Photosynthesis

Chlorophyll is the substance inside the chloroplast where photosynthesis takes place and also gives plants their green color. Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs light energy and is essential for the conversion of sunlight into chemical energy during photosynthesis. It plays a crucial role in capturing light and initiating the process of photosynthesis, which is vital for plant growth and survival.

Photosynthesis takes place within the chloroplasts of a cell. Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells and some algae. They contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight, and other necessary enzymes for the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy by using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. The glucose is then used as a source of energy for the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is chloroplast.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert nutrients into energy in the form of ATP. This process occurs in the mitochondria, which are often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell. Mitochondria have their own DNA and are responsible for producing the majority of ATP through aerobic respiration. The other options, such as the nucleus and chloroplast, are not involved in cellular respiration.

The correct answer includes swan, pig, and human. Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms for energy. Swans, pigs, and humans are all examples of animals that obtain their energy by consuming other organisms. Oak trees, tomato plants, and strawberries, on the other hand, are examples of autotrophs, as they can produce their own food through photosynthesis.

Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Oak trees, tomato plants, and strawberries are examples of autotrophs because they are able to convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. They have chlorophyll in their cells, which allows them to capture sunlight and convert it into glucose. On the other hand, swans, pigs, and humans are not autotrophs because they cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms for energy.

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the correct answer. ATP is the energy currency of cells and is used to power various cellular processes. It releases energy when the terminal phosphate bond is broken, converting ATP into ADP (adenosine diphosphate). This energy release is used to do the work inside cells, such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of molecules. Proteins, glucose, and DNA are important molecules in cells but do not directly carry energy for cellular work like ATP does.

Cellular respiration does not produce glucose. Instead, glucose is broken down during cellular respiration to produce energy in the form of ATP. Glucose is the starting molecule for cellular respiration, and it is converted into carbon dioxide and water during the process. This conversion releases energy that is used by cells for various functions. Therefore, the statement that cellular respiration produces glucose is incorrect.

The inputs for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. During photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide from the air, water from the soil, and sunlight as energy to produce glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy. The carbon dioxide is absorbed through tiny openings called stomata on the leaves, while water is taken up through the roots. Together with sunlight, these inputs enable plants to produce their own food and release oxygen as a byproduct.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Glucose, a sugar molecule, provides the necessary fuel, while oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. This biochemical process occurs in the mitochondria and releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) as byproducts. The combination of glucose and oxygen ensures maximum ATP production through aerobic respiration, which is vital for powering cellular functions efficiently in most organisms.

Glucose is the correct answer because it is a carbohydrate that serves as the primary source of energy in living organisms. It is used for both storage and transport of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is produced through the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration. Glucose is converted into ATP in the mitochondria of cells and then transported to where energy is needed for various cellular processes.