Basics Of Cellular Respiration

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  • 1/17 Questions

    Cellular Respiration begins with _____________.

    • Glycolysis
    • Aerobic respiration
    • Oxidization
    • Anaerobic respiration
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About This Quiz

This is a quiz regarding cellular respiration. All the best for this biological quiz!

Basics Of Cellular Respiration - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Where are the electron transport chains in eukaryotic cells?

    • Vacuoles

    • The Nucleus

    • The Nucleolus

    • Inner membranes of Mitochondria

    Correct Answer
    A. Inner membranes of Mitochondria
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the inner membranes of mitochondria. Electron transport chains are a series of protein complexes located in the inner membranes of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. These chains play a crucial role in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, where electrons are transferred along the chain, resulting in the production of ATP. This process is a key step in cellular respiration, which is responsible for generating energy in eukaryotic cells.

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  • 3. 

    The input/output of the Electron Transport Chain is __________

    • NADH+FADH2/ 34 or 36 ATP

    • Pyruvate/Glucose

    • Glucose/Glucose

    • 2 ATP/ Pyruvate

    Correct Answer
    A. NADH+FADH2/ 34 or 36 ATP
    Explanation
    The correct answer is NADH+FADH2/ 34 or 36 ATP. The electron transport chain is the final stage of cellular respiration, where NADH and FADH2 molecules generated from earlier steps donate their electrons to a series of protein complexes. As the electrons move through these complexes, energy is released and used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This creates an electrochemical gradient, which drives the synthesis of ATP through ATP synthase. The exact number of ATP molecules produced can vary, but on average, each NADH can generate about 3 ATP and each FADH2 can generate about 2 ATP. Therefore, the input/output of the electron transport chain is NADH+FADH2/ 34 or 36 ATP.

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  • 4. 

    Pathways that operate without the presence of oxygen are called _______

    • De-oxygenated pathways

    • Aerobic pathways

    • Anaerobic pathways

    • Pyruvic pathways

    Correct Answer
    A. Anaerobic pathways
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Anaerobic pathways". Anaerobic pathways are pathways that can operate without the presence of oxygen. These pathways are used by organisms when there is a lack of oxygen available for energy production. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into smaller molecules to release energy without the use of oxygen. This process is less efficient than aerobic respiration, but it allows organisms to continue producing energy in oxygen-deprived environments.

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  • 5. 

    ATP can be synthesized by chemiosmosis only if electrons continue to move from molecule to molecule in the ETC.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In chemiosmosis, ATP is synthesized when electrons move from molecule to molecule in the electron transport chain (ETC). This process involves the transfer of electrons through a series of protein complexes, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The movement of protons back across the membrane through ATP synthase drives the synthesis of ATP. Therefore, if electrons do not continue to move through the ETC, the proton gradient will not be maintained, and ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis will not occur. Hence, the statement is true.

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  • 6. 

    True or False? Fermentation is a set of anaerobic pathways in which pyruvic acid is converted into other organic molecules in the cytosol.

    • True

    • False

    • Maybe

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Fermentation is a set of anaerobic pathways where pyruvic acid is converted into other organic molecules in the cytosol. This process occurs without the presence of oxygen. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 7. 

    The actual number of ATP molecules generated varies from cell to cell.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The actual number of ATP molecules generated can vary from cell to cell due to several factors. These factors include the efficiency of cellular respiration, the type of cell, the availability of oxygen and nutrients, and the metabolic activity of the cell. Additionally, different cells may have different energy demands and may produce ATP at different rates. Therefore, it is true that the actual number of ATP molecules generated can vary from cell to cell.

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  • 8. 

    When one six-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized, what is created?

    • Citric acid

    • Pyruvic acid

    • Lactic acid

    • Glucose

    Correct Answer
    A. Pyruvic acid
    Explanation
    When one six-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized, it is converted into pyruvic acid. This process is known as glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid, along with the production of a small amount of ATP. Pyruvic acid can then be further metabolized in the presence of oxygen to produce more ATP through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.

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  • 9. 

    ________ is a product of alcoholic fermentation

    • Ethyl alcohol

    • Yeast

    • Phosphates

    • Glucose

    Correct Answer
    A. Ethyl alcohol
    Explanation
    Ethyl alcohol is a product of alcoholic fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is a metabolic process carried out by yeast in which glucose is converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Therefore, ethyl alcohol is the correct answer as it is the end product of this fermentation process.

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  • 10. 

    The________ is when the oxidation of glucose that began with glycolysis is completed

    • Electron Transport Chain

    • Calvin Cycle

    • Kreb's Cycle

    • Benson Cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. Kreb's Cycle
    Explanation
    The Kreb's Cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is the correct answer. It is the second stage of cellular respiration and occurs in the mitochondria. During this cycle, the remaining energy stored in glucose is extracted through a series of chemical reactions. It involves the oxidation of acetyl-CoA and produces ATP, NADH, FADH2, and carbon dioxide as byproducts. The Kreb's Cycle is an essential part of aerobic respiration and plays a crucial role in generating energy for the cell.

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  • 11. 

    The input/output of Glycolysis is __________

    • Pyruvate/Glucose

    • Glucose/ Pyruvate

    • 1 ATP/ NADH

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose/ Pyruvate
    Explanation
    Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. It is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. Therefore, the correct answer is "Glucose/Pyruvate".

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  • 12. 

    When pyruvic acid is produced through glycolysis, it diffuses across the __________.

    • Mitochondrial membrane

    • Cristae

    • Mitochondrial Matrix

    • Shell

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondrial membrane
    Explanation
    Pyruvic acid, a product of glycolysis, needs to enter the mitochondria to continue the process of cellular respiration. The mitochondrial membrane is responsible for regulating the movement of molecules in and out of the mitochondria. Therefore, pyruvic acid diffuses across the mitochondrial membrane to enter the mitochondrial matrix, where it undergoes further reactions in the Krebs cycle. The cristae are the inner folds of the mitochondrial membrane, and the shell is not a component of the mitochondria.

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  • 13. 

    Aerobic respiration has two stages.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Aerobic respiration actually consists of three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and the electron transport chain. These stages occur in the presence of oxygen and are part of the metabolic process by which cells produce energy (in the form of adenosine triphosphate or ATP) from glucose and other organic molecules

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  • 14. 

    When glycolysis occurs, the products can follow three pathways

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    When glycolysis occurs, the products can follow two pathways, depending on the presence or absence of oxygen. In the presence of oxygen, the products of glycolysis enter the aerobic respiration pathway, where they undergo further breakdown in the mitochondria. In the absence of oxygen, the products enter the anaerobic fermentation pathway, where they are converted into lactic acid or ethanol. Therefore, the statement that the products of glycolysis can follow three pathways is false.

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  • 15. 

    Once no more electrons enter the ETC, what happens?

    • Two times more ATP is synthesized than before

    • ATP synthesis slows down

    • ADP is no longer produced

    • ATP synthesis stops

    Correct Answer
    A. ATP synthesis stops
    Explanation
    When no more electrons enter the electron transport chain (ETC), ATP synthesis stops. This is because the ETC is responsible for generating a proton gradient, which is used to power the production of ATP. Without the flow of electrons in the ETC, the proton gradient cannot be maintained, and therefore ATP synthesis ceases.

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  • 16. 

    When organic compounds are broken down and energy is released, what is created?

    • ATP

    • ADP

    • Phosphate

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    When organic compounds are broken down and energy is released, several molecules are created. One of these molecules is ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the main energy currency of cells. ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is also formed, which can be converted back into ATP to store more energy. Additionally, phosphate molecules are released during this process. Therefore, all of the above options are correct as they represent the different molecules created when organic compounds are broken down and energy is released.

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  • 17. 

    When an enzyme converts pyruvic acid into another three-carbon compound, it's called:

    • Glycolysis

    • Energy yielding

    • Lactic acid fermentation

    • The Calvin Cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. Lactic acid fermentation
    Explanation
    When an enzyme converts pyruvic acid into another three-carbon compound, such as lactic acid, this process is known as lactic acid fermentation. This anaerobic fermentation process occurs in some bacteria and in muscle cells, where it is used to generate ATP when oxygen is scarce. During strenuous exercise, for instance, muscle cells may lack sufficient oxygen for aerobic respiration and begin converting pyruvic acid into lactic acid to continue producing energy.

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  • Current Version
  • Apr 29, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 08, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Cjsmith
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