Aphg Chapter 5 Quiz

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  • 1/26 Questions

    The Icelandic language has changed less than any other Germanic language because of

    • Iceland's close contact with other people and activities.
    • Migration by German tribes.
    • Iceland's relative isolation from other places.
    • The extinction of the East Germanic group.
    • Continuous exchange with Norway and Sweden.
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AP Human Geography Quizzes & Trivia
About This Quiz

The APHG Chapter 5 Quiz assesses understanding of linguistic concepts, including language families, lingua franca, and the historical influences on languages like English. It's ideal for students preparing for AP Human Geography, enhancing their knowledge on language evolution and usage globally.

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  • 2. 

    The two largest language families in the world are

    • Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic.

    • Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European.

    • Afro-Asiatic and Sino-Tibetan.

    • Balto-Slavic and Sino-Tibetan.

    • Altaic and Nilo-Saharan.

    Correct Answer
    A. Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European.
    Explanation
    Indo-European is distributed over much more land, however, the populations in the densely populated Sino-Tibetan language branches make it comparable in total amount of speakers.

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  • 3. 

    A form of a language spoken in a local area is a

    • Dialect.

    • Branch.

    • Family.

    • Group

    • Root.

    Correct Answer
    A. Dialect.
    Explanation
    A form of a language spoken in a local area is referred to as a dialect. Dialects are variations of a language that are specific to a particular region or community. They may differ in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and idioms. Dialects often develop due to geographical isolation or cultural factors, and they contribute to the richness and diversity of language.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following is a Romance language?

    • Bulgarian

    • Hindi

    • Danish

    • Swedish

    • French

    Correct Answer
    A. French
    Explanation
    French is a Romance language because it is descended from Latin, which was spoken in the Roman Empire. Romance languages include Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian, among others. These languages developed from Vulgar Latin, the colloquial form of Latin spoken by the common people. French, like other Romance languages, shares many similarities with Latin in terms of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. Additionally, French has its own unique characteristics and has evolved over time to become one of the major global languages, spoken by millions of people around the world.

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  • 5. 

    A creolized language is

    • Extinct.

    • A mix of indigenous and colonial languages.

    • An isolated language family.

    • A possible prehistoric superfamily.

    • A revived formerly extinct language.

    • A revived formerly extinct language.

    Correct Answer
    A. A mix of indigenous and colonial languages.
    Explanation
    A creolized language is a mix of indigenous and colonial languages. This means that it is a language that has developed from a combination of different languages, typically due to the colonization of a region. Creolized languages often emerge as a means of communication between different groups of people with different native languages. These languages incorporate elements from both the indigenous languages and the languages of the colonizers, resulting in a unique linguistic blend.

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  • 6. 

    A lingua franca is

    • A lingua franca is

    • A language understood by people who have different native languages.

    • An extinct language that has been revived.

    • An official language in a region of the world different from where the language originated.

    • A language used by French colonial administrations.

    Correct Answer
    A. A language understood by people who have different native languages.
    Explanation
    A lingua franca refers to a language that is commonly used and understood by people who have different native languages. It acts as a means of communication between individuals who do not share a common language. This language facilitates interaction and understanding among people from diverse linguistic backgrounds.

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  • 7. 

    All of the following describe the English language except

    • It is a lingua franca.

    • Its recent growth is due to expansion diffusion.

    • It is an Indo-European language.

    • It has diffused along with economic globalization.

    • It is an isogloss.

    Correct Answer
    A. It is an isogloss.
    Explanation
    The given options describe various characteristics of the English language. It being a lingua franca means that it is widely used as a common language among people with different native languages. Its recent growth being due to expansion diffusion refers to the spread of the language through migration and colonization. Being an Indo-European language means that it belongs to a language family that includes many European and Indian languages. The fact that it has diffused along with economic globalization indicates its spread due to global trade and commerce. However, the statement that it is an isogloss is incorrect. An isogloss refers to a geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature is used. Therefore, the correct answer is that it is an isogloss.

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  • 8. 

    English has achieved unprecedented acceptance globally due to

    • The refusal to use English in colonial and imperial expansion.

    • The diffusion of command economies across much of the world.

    • Its role as the common language of a global economy and culture.

    • The rise of folk culture and the decline of popular culture.

    • The diffusion of religion from LDCs to MDCs.

    Correct Answer
    A. Its role as the common language of a global economy and culture.
    Explanation
    English has become widely accepted globally due to its role as the common language of a global economy and culture. In today's interconnected world, English is the language of international business, trade, and communication. It is used in various industries, such as technology, finance, and tourism, allowing people from different countries to interact and collaborate effectively. Additionally, English is the language of popular culture, including music, movies, and literature, which further contributes to its global acceptance. This widespread use of English has made it essential for individuals and countries to learn and use the language in order to participate in the global economy and cultural exchange.

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  • 9. 

    Russian is part of what language branch?

    • Balto-Slavic

    • Germanic

    • Indo-Iranian

    • Romance

    • Altaic

    Correct Answer
    A. Balto-Slavic
    Explanation
    Russian is part of the Balto-Slavic language branch. This branch includes the Baltic and Slavic languages, which are spoken in Eastern Europe. Russian belongs to the Slavic group of languages and is the most widely spoken Slavic language. Other Slavic languages include Polish, Czech, Ukrainian, and Bulgarian. The Balto-Slavic branch is a sub-branch of the larger Indo-European language family, which includes many other language branches such as Germanic, Indo-Iranian, and Romance.

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  • 10. 

    An isogloss is

    • A form of a language spoken in a local area.

    • A collection of unique words

    • A boundary between language regions.

    • A blending of two language families

    • A line that separates literary traditions.

    Correct Answer
    A. A boundary between language regions.
    Explanation
    An isogloss refers to a boundary between language regions. It is a line that marks the geographical separation between two different linguistic features or dialects. This boundary can be based on variations in pronunciation, vocabulary, or grammar. Isoglosses help linguists understand the distribution and diversity of languages within a particular area.

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  • 11. 

    The two most important languages in South America are

    • Dutch and English.

    • English and Spanish.

    • French and Spanish.

    • Portuguese and Spanish.

    • Creole and Portuguese

    Correct Answer
    A. Portuguese and Spanish.
    Explanation
    The two most important languages in South America are Portuguese and Spanish. Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, the largest country in South America, and is spoken by the majority of its population. Spanish is spoken in many countries across South America, including Argentina, Colombia, Peru, and Chile. Both languages have a significant influence on the culture, politics, and economy of the region, making them the most important languages in South America.

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  • 12. 

    Franglais is

    • The lingua franca of France.

    • A dialect of French.

    • The standard language of French.

    • The use of English in the French language.

    • A language used by French colonial administrations.

    Correct Answer
    A. The use of English in the French language.
    Explanation
    The blending of Germanic and Romance branches both share a common language family, Indo-European, the most widely spoken language in the world. The Indo-European language family is distributed across every continent except Antarctica.

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  • 13. 

    British and American English differ in all but which of the following?

    • Alphabet

    • Pronunciation

    • Spelling

    • Vocabulary

    • Prevalent dialects

    Correct Answer
    A. Alphabet
    Explanation
    British and American English do not differ in terms of the alphabet. Both use the same Latin alphabet consisting of 26 letters. The pronunciation, spelling, vocabulary, and prevalent dialects may vary between British and American English, but the alphabet remains the same.

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  • 14. 

    The most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa is

    • Khoisan.

    • Niger-Congo.

    • Nilo-Saharan.

    • Afro-Asiatic.

    • Altaic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Niger-Congo.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Niger-Congo. Niger-Congo is the most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a large language family that includes over 1,500 languages spoken by more than 400 million people. This language family is widespread across the region and includes major languages such as Swahili, Yoruba, Igbo, and Zulu. The Niger-Congo languages have had a significant impact on the cultural, social, and linguistic diversity of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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  • 15. 

    English is part of which language branch?

    • Germanic

    • Northern

    • Western

    • Indo-European

    • Austronesian

    Correct Answer
    A. Germanic
    Explanation
    English is part of the Germanic language branch. Germanic languages are a branch of the larger Indo-European language family. This branch includes languages such as German, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish, among others. English evolved from Old English, which was a Germanic language spoken in England during the early medieval period. Over time, English has undergone significant changes and influences from other languages, but its roots and structure still align with the Germanic language branch.

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  • 16. 

    English is a good example of a(n)

    • Language family.

    • Globalizing language

    • Language group.

    • Lingua franca.

    • Isolated language.

    Correct Answer
    A. Lingua franca.
    Explanation
    Lingua franca: A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.

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  • 17. 

    Analyzing the maps and diagrams in this chapter, we can see that the branch of Indo-European that includes Ukrainian is

    • European.

    • Balto-Slavic.

    • Indo-Iranian

    • Romance.

    • Germanic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Balto-Slavic.
    Explanation
    By analyzing the maps and diagrams in the chapter, it can be observed that Ukrainian belongs to the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. This conclusion is drawn based on the geographical location of Ukraine and the linguistic similarities it shares with other Slavic languages spoken in the region. Therefore, the correct answer is Balto-Slavic.

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  • 18. 

    The large number of individual languages documented in Africa has resulted primarily from

    • Thousands of years of isolation between cultural groups.

    • Repeated invasions by outsiders.

    • Introduction of many different languages by the colonial powers.

    • Frequent migration by the different tribal groups.

    • Colonial administration of native lands.

    Correct Answer
    A. Thousands of years of isolation between cultural groups.
    Explanation
    The large number of individual languages documented in Africa can be primarily attributed to thousands of years of isolation between cultural groups. Due to geographical barriers, such as deserts, mountains, and dense forests, various cultural groups in Africa have been separated from one another for extended periods of time. This isolation has led to the development of distinct languages within each group, resulting in the diverse linguistic landscape observed in Africa today.

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  • 19. 

    The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how

    • Recently in time the languages were once the same.

    • Closely the speakers of each language live to one other.

    • They correspond to the diffusion of free markets across much of the world.

    • Similar the cultures of the speakers of each language are.

    • They all emerged at the same point in history, according to the Bible.

    Correct Answer
    A. Recently in time the languages were once the same.
    Explanation
    Think about how languages are commonly presented in tree diagrams. Each branch in the tree is the splitting of a previously common spoken language.

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  • 20. 

    Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they

    • Spoke ancient English languages.

    • Invaded England.

    • Spoke languages derived from Latin.

    • Diffused English around the world.

    • Agreed to divide Ireland from England.

    Correct Answer
    A. Invaded England.
    Explanation
    The violent history of the origins of the English language derives from invading tribes during the 5th century that came primarily from present day Germany and Denmark. The Jutes settled in the southeast, the Saxons in the south and west, and the Angles in the North. The word Angles gives the land its name, Angles' Land. Later in the ninth century the Vikings would invade and the Normans in the eleventh century which brought new words to the language spoken in the British Isles.

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  • 21. 

    According to Colin Renfrew's research, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe

    • Entirely by sea.

    • By way of the Kurgan homeland.

    • With the conquests of warriors on horseback.

    • With the diffusion of agriculture.

    • Following the traders on the silk road.

    Correct Answer
    A. With the diffusion of agriculture.
    Explanation
    Colin Renfrew's research suggests that the Indo-European languages spread across Europe through the diffusion of agriculture. This means that as people migrated and spread agricultural practices, they also spread their language. This explanation is supported by the idea that as people settled in new areas and established agricultural communities, they interacted with neighboring communities and exchanged ideas, including language. This gradual spread of agriculture and cultural exchange likely contributed to the spread of Indo-European languages throughout Europe.

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  • 22. 

    In the 1700s, 1800s, and afterward, English diffusion has been strongly related to colonialism and imperialism in many parts of the world because

    • Conquered populations refused to use English while colonial and imperial expansion was underway.

    • As imperial Russia and China expanded they used English as a lingua franca in Asia.

    • Conquered peoples wishing to participate in the new government and the increasingly global economy felt pressured to learn English.

    • People in conquered countries knew that in the distant future, English would become the main language associated with exports of popular culture, such as Disney cartoons and Hollywood movies.

    • Religious missionaries from every European country used English-language translations of the Bible.

    Correct Answer
    A. Conquered peoples wishing to participate in the new government and the increasingly global economy felt pressured to learn English.
    Explanation
    During the era of colonialism and imperialism, conquered populations felt compelled to learn English in order to participate in the new government and the growing global economy. This pressure likely stemmed from the fact that English became the dominant language of administration and commerce in many colonized regions. By learning English, conquered peoples could gain access to opportunities and resources that were otherwise limited to those who could communicate in the language of the colonizers.

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  • 23. 

    ________ is to Canada as ________ is to the United States.

    • French; Spanish

    • English; French

    • French; English

    • Conflict over ethnicity; conflict over language

    • Alaska; Greenland

    Correct Answer
    A. French; Spanish
    Explanation
    The relationship between French and Canada is similar to the relationship between Spanish and the United States. French is one of the official languages in Canada, particularly in the province of Quebec, and has a significant influence on Canadian culture. Similarly, Spanish is widely spoken in the United States, especially in states with large Hispanic populations, and has a significant impact on American culture. Both languages play a crucial role in the respective countries' history, politics, and identity.

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  • 24. 

    The language Ladino is; 

    • A mixture of Spanish, Greek, Turkish, and Hebrew

    • A Germanic language

    • A language branch of Sino-Tibetan

    • Vulgar Latin.

    • Spoken primarily in the Yucatan Peninsula

    Correct Answer
    A. A mixture of Spanish, Greek, Turkish, and Hebrew
    Explanation
    Ladino is a language that developed as a mixture of Spanish, Greek, Turkish, and Hebrew. This combination of languages resulted from the historical migration and interaction of Sephardic Jews who were expelled from Spain in the late 15th century. Ladino, also known as Judeo-Spanish, incorporates vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation from these various languages, making it a unique and distinct linguistic blend. It is primarily spoken by Sephardic Jewish communities around the world, particularly in Turkey, Greece, Israel, and the United States.

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  • 25. 

    According to the maps and diagrams in this chapter, the branch of Indo-European that includes Haitian Creole is

    • European.

    • Romance

    • Indo-Iranian.

    • Balto-Slavic.

    • Germanic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Romance
    Explanation
    Based on the maps and diagrams in the chapter, it can be inferred that the branch of Indo-European that includes Haitian Creole is Romance. This conclusion is drawn based on the geographical distribution of Romance languages, which includes areas where Haitian Creole is spoken. Therefore, it can be concluded that Haitian Creole belongs to the Romance branch of Indo-European.

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  • 26. 

    According to the diagrams in this chapter, Turkmen is part of what language branch?

    • Altaic

    • Germanic

    • Indo-Iranian

    • Romance

    • Balto-Slavic

    Correct Answer
    A. Altaic
    Explanation
    Based on the diagrams in the chapter, Turkmen is classified as part of the Altaic language branch.

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