The Unbeatable Quiz On Anthropology 1102-012 Quiz 8

2.

What is a "big man"?

A person who holds a permanent political office
A heredity ruler
A person who creates his reputation through entrepreneurship and generosity to others
A leader who avoids excessive displays of generosity
A leader who has tremendous power because he is regarded as divine

Correct Answer

A. A person who creates his reputation through entrepreneurship and generosity to others

Explanation

A "big man" refers to a person who creates their reputation through entrepreneurship and generosity to others. This term typically describes individuals who have achieved success and influence through their business ventures and their willingness to help and support others. It implies that this person has a strong reputation for being both successful in their own endeavors and generous in sharing their wealth and resources with others.

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3.

Which of the following statements about non-state societies is true?

Warfare is conducted by professional armies
Political institutions are maintained totally separate from economic institutions
Social control is maintained mostly through physical coercion
Economic, political, and religious activities are often embedded in one another
All political power is based on religion

Correct Answer

A. Economic, political, and religious activities are often embedded in one another

Explanation

In non-state societies, economic, political, and religious activities are often interconnected and intertwined with each other. This means that these activities are not separate and distinct, but rather influence and impact each other. For example, economic decisions may be influenced by religious beliefs or political structures may be shaped by economic factors. This interconnectedness highlights the complex nature of non-state societies and the interplay between different aspects of their social organization.

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4.

In band-level societies, what does the amount of respect or prestige attached to an individual depend on?

Rank ascribed at birth
Culturally valued personal attributes
The number of possessions and their monetary value
The amount of labor one can extract from spouse and children
Genealogical closeness to apical ancestors

Correct Answer

A. Culturally valued personal attributes

Explanation

In band-level societies, the amount of respect or prestige attached to an individual depends on culturally valued personal attributes. This means that individuals are esteemed and respected based on qualities and characteristics that are highly valued within their specific culture or society. These attributes could include skills, knowledge, wisdom, leadership abilities, bravery, or any other qualities that are considered important and desirable within that particular cultural context. The respect and prestige are not determined by factors such as rank at birth, possessions, labor extraction, or genealogical closeness to ancestors, but rather by the personal attributes that are culturally esteemed.

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5.

Which of the following statements about political leaders in foraging bands is true?

They maintain power by maintaining strong ties with the commoner class
They have inherited special access to strategic resources
They maintain control by conquering foreign territories
They have no means of forcing people to follow their decisions
They are the most dominant males in the largest, most powerful descent group

Correct Answer

A. They have no means of forcing people to follow their decisions

Explanation

In foraging bands, political leaders do not have the means to force people to follow their decisions. This is because foraging bands are typically small-scale societies where power is decentralized and decision-making is based on consensus rather than coercion. Political leaders in foraging bands rely on persuasion, negotiation, and maintaining good relationships with the group members to gain influence and support for their decisions.

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6.

Which of the following is an example of an age set?

A village council
The baby-boomers
High school freshmen
The chicago white sox
The poeple in this anthropology class

Correct Answer

A. The baby-boomers

Explanation

The baby-boomers is an example of an age set because it refers to a specific generation of individuals who were born between the years 1946 and 1964. Age sets are social groups that are defined by the shared age or age range of its members, and they often have distinctive characteristics, experiences, and cultural influences that are specific to their generation. In this case, the baby-boomers represent a unique age set due to the historical context and societal changes that occurred during their lifespan.

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7.

Which of the following is an example of an age grade?

A village council
The baby-boomers
High school freshmen
The chicago white sox
The pople in this anthropology class

Correct Answer

A. High school freshmen

Explanation

An age grade refers to a social group or category that is based on a person's age. High school freshmen fit this definition because they are a specific group of individuals who are at a certain age and are in the same grade level in high school. The other options, such as a village council, the baby-boomers, the Chicago White Sox, and the people in this anthropology class, do not represent age grades as they are not defined by age or grade level.

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8.

The presence and acceptance of which of the following is one of the key distinguishing features of a state?

Gender differences in terms of access to resources
Generosity, even at the fiscal level
Rapport between the elites and commoners
Stratification
The authority of charismatic leaders

Correct Answer

A. Stratification

Explanation

Stratification is one of the key distinguishing features of a state. It refers to the division of society into different social classes or levels based on factors such as wealth, power, and social status. In a state, there is typically a hierarchical structure where individuals or groups are ranked according to their position and privileges. This stratification helps to establish and maintain social order, as well as determine access to resources and opportunities. It is an important aspect of understanding the functioning and dynamics of a state.

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9.

Which of the following kinds of societies is most likely to have stratum endogamy (marriage within one's own group)?

A band
A state
A clan
A society with segmentary lineage organization
A tribe

Correct Answer

A. A state

Explanation

A state is most likely to have stratum endogamy because it is a complex society with a hierarchical social structure and a centralized political system. In a state, social classes or strata exist, and individuals tend to marry within their own social group to maintain their status and preserve their privileges. Stratum endogamy helps to reinforce social boundaries and sustain the power dynamics within the state. In contrast, other forms of societies like bands, clans, tribes, or societies with segmentary lineage organization are less likely to have stratum endogamy as they typically have more egalitarian social structures and less rigid social divisions.

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10.

Broader than political control, the concept of ________ refers to those fields of the social system (beliefs, practices, and institutions) that are most actively involved in the maintenance of any norms and the regulation of any conflict

Sociopolitical strategies
Social controls
Cultural capital
Universal controls
Sorcery

Correct Answer

A. Social controls

Explanation

The concept of social controls refers to the various aspects of the social system that play an active role in maintaining norms and regulating conflicts. This includes beliefs, practices, and institutions that are involved in shaping and enforcing societal rules. Social controls are broader than just political control as they encompass a wider range of factors that influence behavior and ensure social order.

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The Unbeatable Quiz On Anthropology 1102-012 Quiz 8

In which of the following forms of political organization is it most likely that the most important leaders will acquire their position based upon personal background or ability, rather than heredity?

Quiz Preview

What is a "big man"?

Which of the following statements about non-state societies is true?

In band-level societies, what does the amount of respect or prestige attached to an individual depend on?

Which of the following statements about political leaders in foraging bands is true?

Which of the following is an example of an age set?

Which of the following is an example of an age grade?

The presence and acceptance of which of the following is one of the key distinguishing features of a state?

Which of the following kinds of societies is most likely to have stratum endogamy (marriage within one's own group)?

Broader than political control, the concept of ________ refers to those fields of the social system (beliefs, practices, and institutions) that are most actively involved in the maintenance of any norms and the regulation of any conflict