Anthropology Key Term Questions

Ethnography

Data collection

Ethnology

Fieldwork

Data entry

The study of biological adaptability

The fieldwork aspect of cultural anthropology

The study of animal behaviour

The comparative component of cultural anthropology

The generalising aspect of cultural anthropology

It is a cultural universal, based upon the human capacity to use symbols

It is the argument that behaviour of a particular culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture

It is a cultural particular, based upon the interrelatedness of humans

Is it the opposite of participant observation

It is the same thing as ethnocentrism, but is applies only to family structure

All human groups have culture

Culture is the main reason for human adaptability

Human groups differ in their capacities for culture

The capacity for culture is shared by all humans

Cultural learning is uniquely elaborated among humans

Acculturation

Diffusion

Globalisation

Enculturation

Independent invention

Incest

Exogamy

Hypogamy

Endogamy

Endosperm

Polygamy

Brideweath

Dowry

Progeny Price

Bride Serive

It increases the number of individuals on whom one can rely in time of need

It increases the likelihood that disadvantageous alleles will find phenotypic expression and thus be eliminated from the population

It impedes peaceful relations among social groups and therefore promotes population expansion

It was an important causal factor in the origin of the state

It is not adaptive, it is just a cultural construction

Friend and teacher

Key informant

Privileged stranger

Participant observer

Incorporated tribe member

Were based on incorrect data

Were developed by colonial governments

Were developed to support missionary work

Were based on very little ethnographic data

Miss interpreted cultural people as savages

Failure to adequately supply technology

Failure to employ technical aid experts to assess the plan

Technical practices on the part of anthropologists

Failure to understand the impact of cultural issues on change

Disrupts cultural processes

Acculturation

Enculturation

Invention

Hegemony

Deffered exchange

Desire for economic gain

Appeals to nationalism

Competition

Cultural ethnocentrism

Population growth

Colonialism

Hegemony

Imperialism

Globalisation

Bow, pottery, and fire

Blowgun, baskets, and fire

Digging stick, spear, and fire

Spear, bronze axe, and fire

Pottery, blade, and fire

5

50

100

500

70

Food storage encourages mobility and sharing

There is no particular advantage in long term control of a labor force

Daily food harvest and consumption foster higher population density and greater household autonomy

There is no basis for differences in social status based on age or sex

Maximize leisure, household autonomy, and labor equality between men and women

Increased garden work by women and supports non-food producing specialists

Involves continuous work from tropical dawn to dusk to satisfy all basic needs, but labor equitably shared by men and women

Causes men do the garden clearing, hunting and fishing, and thus put in significantly longer hours than women

The inheritance of land through the female line

The importance of female task groups for such activities as manioc processing

Female-centered religious cults

A high rate of selective female infanticide

The inheritance of land through the male line

Male-centered sacred sites

Revenge raiding

The importance of clans and lineages

Are an underlying cause of intervillage feuding and violent conflict

Are carried out for strictly utilitarian economic motives

Reduce the potential for intervillage conflict

Are regulated by the respective village headmen in order to enhance their political power

The potential for my wives to sustain the populace

Because aggressive behaviour increases the reproductive success of individual men

Because of protein deficiencies

Because the recent introduction of bananas and plantains lead to a population explosion

Because of the universal innate human propensity for violence

Held that things which were once part of someone could still influence that person even after they were separated

Ignored contradictions, assuming that something could be two things at once

Used a limited set of signs ordered into structured relationships that help people understand reality while providing aesthetic satisfaction

Followed logical mental processes basically like our own

Increasing urbanization and political complexity has lead to a loss of detailed knowledge of plants and animals

Knowledge of nature steadily increases within a society as cultural scale increases

Abstract life form terms such as tree, grass, bush, and vine tend to disappear from a language as culture scale increases

Contrary to Levi-Strauss, the "science of the concrete" is more characteristic of folk classifications used by urbanized societies than by peoples in domestic-scale cultures 31.

Belief in the inherent superiority of a line of descent

Temporary leadership, selected according to pragmatic or utilitarian principles

Self-made leaders who must continually verify their positions by success in warfare

Leaders like Amazonian headmen who had to be generous and diplomatic