ANT100 Module 3 Knowledge Check

2.

Shortened ____ are characteristic of aging cells and can show the effects of accelerated aging when stressed.

Centromeres
Replicons
Telomeres
Embryonic cells

Correct Answer

A. Telomeres

Explanation

Telomeres are shortened in aging cells and can exhibit accelerated aging effects when subjected to stress. Telomeres are protective caps located at the ends of chromosomes that prevent the loss of genetic information during cell division. As cells divide, telomeres naturally shorten, and when they become too short, cell division is impaired, leading to cellular senescence and aging. Stressors, such as oxidative stress or DNA damage, can further accelerate telomere shortening, exacerbating the aging process. Therefore, the presence of shortened telomeres is a characteristic feature of aging cells and can manifest the effects of accelerated aging when exposed to stress.

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3.

Patients with heart disease are more likely to have _____ than the general population.

Asthma
PTSD
Autoimmune disease
Depression

Correct Answer

A. Depression

Explanation

Patients with heart disease are more likely to have depression than the general population. This is because heart disease can significantly impact a person's quality of life, leading to feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a decreased interest in activities. Additionally, the stress and anxiety associated with managing a chronic illness like heart disease can contribute to the development of depression. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the increased risk of depression in patients with heart disease and provide appropriate support and treatment.

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4.

Research suggests the overproduction of _____ can contribute to the formation of plaques in artery walls and lead to heart disease.

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Hemoglobin
Adrenaline

Correct Answer

A. White blood cells

Explanation

Research suggests that the overproduction of white blood cells can contribute to the formation of plaques in artery walls and lead to heart disease. White blood cells are part of the immune system and are responsible for fighting off infections and foreign substances in the body. However, an excessive production of white blood cells can lead to inflammation and damage to the artery walls, promoting the development of plaques. These plaques can eventually block the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and increased risk of heart disease.

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5.

Stress affects the male reproductive system in all the following ways EXCEPT:

Lowering sperm counts
Causing erectile dysfunction
Increasing libido
Lowering testosterone production

Correct Answer

A. Increasing libido

Explanation

Stress affects the male reproductive system in multiple ways, including lowering sperm counts, causing erectile dysfunction, and lowering testosterone production. However, it does not typically increase libido.

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6.

This hormone can bind to immune cells and affect their function:

Cortisol
Thymosin
GnRH
Adrenalin

Correct Answer

A. Cortisol

Explanation

Cortisol is a hormone that can bind to immune cells and affect their function. It has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, which help regulate the immune response and prevent excessive inflammation. Cortisol can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease the activity of immune cells, such as lymphocytes and macrophages. This hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing immune system overactivity.

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Ant100 Module 3 Knowledge Check

When the body mistakes its own healthy cells for invaders and repeatedly attacks them, this is known as a(n):

Quiz Preview

Shortened ____ are characteristic of aging cells and can show the effects of accelerated aging when stressed.

Patients with heart disease are more likely to have _____ than the general population.

Research suggests the overproduction of _____ can contribute to the formation of plaques in artery walls and lead to heart disease.

Stress affects the male reproductive system in all the following ways EXCEPT:

This hormone can bind to immune cells and affect their function: