Anatomy & Physiology & Pathology
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The femur is a long bone
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True
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False
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About This Quiz
This quiz explores key concepts in human anatomy, physiology, and pathology, assessing knowledge on topics like styes, vertebral bones, phlebitis, and digestion. It's designed to enhance understanding of body functions and disease processes, making it relevant for students and professionals in health-related fields.
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- 2.
What is the liquid part of blood called?
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Plasma
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Thrombocyte
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Erythrocyte
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Leucocyte
Correct Answer
A. PlasmaExplanation
Plasma is the liquid part of blood that makes up about 55% of its total volume. It is a yellowish fluid that contains water, proteins, electrolytes, hormones, waste products, and nutrients. Plasma plays a crucial role in transporting these substances throughout the body, regulating body temperature, maintaining blood pressure, and supporting the immune system. Thrombocytes, erythrocytes, and leucocytes are all cellular components of blood and do not refer to the liquid part.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The name for a white blood cell is a leucocyte
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A white blood cell is commonly referred to as a leucocyte. Leucocytes are an essential part of the immune system and play a crucial role in defending the body against infections and diseases. These cells are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens, as well as producing antibodies to help fight off future infections. Therefore, it is correct to say that the name for a white blood cell is a leucocyte.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which word means above or higher?
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Inferior
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Superior
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Medial
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Lateral
Correct Answer
A. SuperiorExplanation
The word "superior" means above or higher. It is the opposite of "inferior," which means below or lower. "Medial" refers to the middle or center, while "lateral" refers to the side. Therefore, "superior" is the correct answer as it best fits the given definition.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Haemorrhoids are painful, swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Haemorrhoids are indeed painful, swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus. This condition can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding. Treatment options for haemorrhoids include lifestyle changes, over-the-counter medications, and in severe cases, surgical procedures. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What function do enzymes have?
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To speed up a chemical reaction in the body
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To slow down a chemical reaction in the body
Correct Answer
A. To speed up a chemical reaction in the bodyExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They do this by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. Enzymes are highly specific and can only catalyze specific reactions. They play a crucial role in various biological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and cellular respiration. Without enzymes, many essential reactions in the body would occur too slowly to sustain life. Therefore, the function of enzymes is to accelerate chemical reactions in the body.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What does the word calcaneal mean?
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Heel
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Head
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Neck
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Arm
Correct Answer
A. HeelExplanation
The word "calcaneal" refers to something related to the heel. In anatomy, the calcaneus is the bone that forms the heel of the foot. Therefore, "heel" is the correct answer as it directly corresponds to the meaning of the word "calcaneal".Rate this question:
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- 8.
What happens during inhalation?
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Contraction of diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thorax
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Contraction of diaphragm muscle decreases the volume of the thorax
Correct Answer
A. Contraction of diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thoraxExplanation
During inhalation, the diaphragm muscle contracts. This contraction causes the diaphragm to move downward, which increases the volume of the thorax. As the volume of the thorax increases, the pressure inside the lungs decreases. This decrease in pressure allows air to rush into the lungs, filling them with oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is that the contraction of the diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thorax.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which spinchter controls the movement of food from the stomach into the small intestine?
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Cardiac
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Pyloric
Correct Answer
A. PyloricExplanation
The pyloric sphincter controls the movement of food from the stomach into the small intestine. It is located at the lower end of the stomach and regulates the release of partially digested food, known as chyme, into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. The pyloric sphincter opens and closes to allow the controlled passage of food, preventing backflow and ensuring proper digestion and absorption of nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Lipases act on lipids to produce fatty acids and glycerol
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Lipases are enzymes that break down lipids, such as fats and oils, into their component fatty acids and glycerol molecules. This process is known as hydrolysis. Lipases play a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats in the body. Therefore, the statement "Lipases act on lipids to produce fatty acids and glycerol" is true.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What does the word pericardial mean?
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Lungs
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Liver
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Spleen
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Heart
Correct Answer
A. HeartExplanation
The word "pericardial" refers to something related to the pericardium, which is the protective sac that surrounds the heart. Therefore, the correct answer is "Heart."Rate this question:
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- 12.
Where is the heart located?
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Right upper quadrant
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Left upper quadrant
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Right lower quadrant
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Left lower quadrant
Correct Answer
A. Left upper quadrantExplanation
The heart is located in the left upper quadrant of the body. This is because the heart is positioned slightly towards the left side of the chest, between the lungs. It is protected by the rib cage and rests on the diaphragm. The left upper quadrant is the area where the heart is most commonly found in the body.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Anonychia means the congenital absence of nail
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Anonychia refers to the condition where a person is born without nails. This condition is present from birth and is considered a congenital absence of nails. Therefore, the statement that anonychia means the congenital absence of nail is true.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Herpes zoster is another term for shingles
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Herpes zoster is indeed another term for shingles. Shingles is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus can remain dormant in the body and reactivate later in life, causing shingles. The condition is characterized by a painful rash that typically appears in a band or strip on one side of the body. Therefore, the answer "True" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which pathology is the inflammation of a bladder?
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Cystitis
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Kidney stones
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Renal failure
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Gout
Correct Answer
A. CystitisExplanation
Cystitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the bladder. This condition is commonly caused by a bacterial infection and can cause symptoms such as frequent urination, pain or burning during urination, and a strong urge to urinate. Kidney stones, renal failure, and gout are not specifically related to bladder inflammation.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The displacement of two bones in a joint
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Sprain
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Fracture
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Dislocation
Correct Answer
A. DislocationExplanation
Dislocation refers to the displacement of two bones in a joint, where the bones are forced out of their normal position. This can occur due to trauma or injury, causing the bones to completely come out of their joint. Dislocation often results in severe pain, swelling, and immobility of the affected joint. It requires immediate medical attention to realign the bones back into their proper position and stabilize the joint. Unlike sprain, which involves damage to ligaments, and fracture, which involves a broken bone, dislocation specifically refers to the displacement of bones in a joint.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What does the word brachial mean?
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Pelvis
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Arm
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Leg
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Head
Correct Answer
A. ArmExplanation
The word "brachial" refers to something related to the arm. It is commonly used to describe the brachial artery, which is the major blood vessel in the upper arm. Therefore, the correct answer is "Arm."Rate this question:
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- 18.
Vitamin C is produced by the skin
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The answer is vitamin DRate this question:
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- 19.
Which part of the digestive system stores bile?
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Gallbladder
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Liver
Correct Answer
A. GallbladderExplanation
The gallbladder stores bile, which is produced by the liver. Bile is a greenish-yellow fluid that helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. The liver produces bile and releases it into the gallbladder for storage. When food containing fats enters the small intestine, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the digestive system to aid in the breakdown of fats. Therefore, the correct answer is the gallbladder.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which type of blood cell is responsible for clotting blood?
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Erythrocyte
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Leucocyte
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Thrombocyte
Correct Answer
A. ThrombocyteExplanation
Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, are responsible for clotting blood. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, thrombocytes gather at the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals that activate other clotting factors, leading to the formation of a blood clot. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen, while leucocytes (white blood cells) are responsible for fighting infections.Rate this question:
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- 21.
How many lobes does the left lung have ?
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2
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3
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The left lung has two lobes.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The carpals are examples of short bones
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The carpals are indeed examples of short bones. Short bones are typically cube-shaped and provide stability and support to the body. The carpals are the eight small bones that make up the wrist. They are short in length and have a compact structure, which allows for precise movements and flexibility in the wrist joint. Therefore, the statement that the carpals are examples of short bones is correct.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What pathology is inflammation of the gums?
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Abscess
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Halitosis
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Gingervitis
Correct Answer
A. GingervitisExplanation
Gingervitis is the correct answer because it refers to inflammation of the gums. It is a common dental condition characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums. It is usually caused by poor oral hygiene, leading to the buildup of plaque and bacteria along the gumline. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to a more severe form of gum disease called periodontitis.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What does the word inguinal mean?
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Groin
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Armpit
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Abdomen
Correct Answer
A. GroinExplanation
The word "inguinal" refers to the area of the body known as the groin. The groin is the crease or fold where the abdomen meets the thigh, and it is located on either side of the pubic bone. This area is commonly associated with the lower abdomen and the upper thigh.Rate this question:
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- 25.
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
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Protection
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Connection
Correct Answer
A. ProtectionExplanation
Epithelial tissue functions primarily in protection. It forms a barrier that covers and protects the surfaces of the body, both internally and externally. This tissue acts as a protective shield against physical, chemical, and microbial damage, preventing harmful substances from entering the body. It also helps in reducing water loss and provides a barrier against infection. Epithelial tissue is found in various organs, such as the skin, lining of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and blood vessels, where protection is crucial for maintaining the body's overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When exhaling, what do the muscles of diaphragm and intercostals do?
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Relax
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Contract
Correct Answer
A. RelaxExplanation
During exhalation, the muscles of the diaphragm and intercostals relax. This relaxation allows the diaphragm to move upward and the intercostal muscles to return to their resting position. As a result, the volume of the chest cavity decreases, causing the air in the lungs to be expelled. This relaxation of the muscles is necessary for the passive process of exhalation, as the elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall helps to push the air out of the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which pigment inside of red blood cells picks up the oxygen?
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Oxyhaemoglobin
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Haemoglobin
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Erythema
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Plasma
Correct Answer
A. HaemoglobinExplanation
Haemoglobin is the pigment inside red blood cells that picks up oxygen. It is a protein molecule that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to the body's tissues and organs. This process is crucial for the transportation of oxygen throughout the body and is essential for normal bodily functions. Oxyhaemoglobin is the form of haemoglobin that is bound to oxygen, while erythema refers to the redness of the skin and plasma is the liquid component of blood.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which blood cell carries oxygen to body cells?
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Erythrocyte
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Leucocyte
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Thrombocyte
Correct Answer
A. ErythrocyteExplanation
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, carry oxygen to body cells. They contain a protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body. Erythrocytes have a unique biconcave shape that allows for a large surface area for oxygen exchange. Their main function is to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, helping to maintain the body's oxygen levels and support cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Gout is caused by a build up of which type of acid?
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Uric
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Lactic
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Hydrochloric
Correct Answer
A. UricExplanation
Gout is caused by a build-up of uric acid. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found in certain foods and drinks. When there is an excess of uric acid in the body, it can form crystals that accumulate in the joints, leading to inflammation and intense pain characteristic of gout.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which movement extends the joint angle?
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Flexion
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Extension
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Abduction
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Rotation
Correct Answer
A. ExtensionExplanation
Extension is the movement that increases the angle between two bones at a joint. It involves straightening or stretching a joint, thereby increasing the distance between the two bones connected by the joint. This movement is commonly observed in joints such as the elbow, knee, and spine, where the joint angle is increased to allow for greater range of motion and flexibility.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which lung has more lobes (3 instead of 2) and is therefore the largest?
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Right
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Left
Correct Answer
A. RightExplanation
The right lung has three lobes instead of two, making it larger than the left lung. This anatomical difference allows for a greater surface area for gas exchange and increased respiratory capacity. The additional lobe in the right lung helps accommodate the heart, which is located slightly to the left side of the chest.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The axial skeleton has 80 bones
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The axial skeleton is composed of the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage. These structures together contain a total of 80 bones. Therefore, the statement that the axial skeleton has 80 bones is true.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which part of a cell controls movement in and out of a cell?
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Nucleus
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Golgi body
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Cell membrane
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Nucleus
Correct Answer
A. Cell membraneExplanation
The cell membrane is responsible for controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It acts as a barrier, allowing certain molecules to pass through while preventing others from entering or leaving the cell. This selective permeability is crucial for maintaining the internal environment of the cell and regulating the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and signaling molecules with the surrounding environment. The nucleus, on the other hand, contains the cell's genetic material and is involved in controlling cell functions, but it does not directly control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What pathology is caused by an internal part of the body, such as an organ, pushing through a weakness in the surrounding muscle or tissue wall?
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Hiatus hernia
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Peptic ulcer
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Duodenal Ulcer
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Haemorrhoids
Correct Answer
A. Hiatus herniaExplanation
A hiatus hernia is a pathology caused by an internal organ, such as the stomach, pushing through a weakness in the diaphragm muscle. This can result in the stomach protruding into the chest cavity, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. It is commonly associated with the weakening of the muscles and tissues that surround the esophagus and diaphragm, allowing the stomach to herniate.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which enzyme is found in the mouth?
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Pepsin
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Hydrochloric
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Trypsin
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Amylase
Correct Answer
A. AmylaseExplanation
Amylase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that is found in the mouth. It is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into smaller molecules such as sugars. This enzyme is produced by the salivary glands and is released into the mouth during the process of chewing and swallowing food. Amylase starts the digestion of starches in the mouth before the food reaches the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 36.
An example of a fracture
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Stress
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Striated
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Visceral
Correct Answer
A. StressExplanation
Stress can be considered as an example of a fracture because it refers to the force or pressure applied to an object or material that exceeds its strength, causing it to break or fracture. Stress fractures occur when repeated stress is placed on a bone, causing a small crack or fracture to develop. Therefore, stress can be seen as an example of a fracture due to the impact it has on the structural integrity of an object or material.Rate this question:
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- 37.
What do ribosomes produce?
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Lipids
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Proteins
Correct Answer
A. ProteinsExplanation
Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and play a crucial role in translating genetic information from DNA to produce proteins. Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and use it as a template to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein. Therefore, the correct answer is proteins.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which layer of the skin does not have a blood supply?
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Epidermis
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Dermis
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Subcutaneous
Correct Answer
A. EpidermisExplanation
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and does not have a direct blood supply. It is composed of multiple layers of cells and acts as a protective barrier for the underlying tissues. The lack of blood vessels in the epidermis means that it receives nutrients and oxygen through diffusion from the underlying dermis.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Where are the innominate bones found?
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Skull
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Pelvis
Correct Answer
A. PelvisExplanation
The innominate bones are found in the pelvis. The pelvis is a ring of bones located at the base of the spine, between the hips. It consists of several bones, including the innominate bones, also known as the hip bones. These bones are made up of the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which fuse together during development. The innominate bones are important for providing support and stability to the body, as well as serving as attachment points for muscles and ligaments.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which blood vessel carries blood from the lower body to the heart?
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Inferior vena cava
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Aorta
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Pulmonary artery
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Superior vena cava
Correct Answer
A. Inferior vena cavaExplanation
The correct answer is the inferior vena cava. The inferior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body back to the heart. It is responsible for returning blood from the legs, abdomen, and pelvis to the right atrium of the heart. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 41.
How many litres of blood are there in the average adult?
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4-5
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5-6
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7-8
Correct Answer
A. 5-6Explanation
The average adult has approximately 5-6 liters of blood in their body. This amount of blood is necessary for the body to carry out its vital functions, such as delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells, removing waste products, and regulating body temperature. Any significant deviation from this range can indicate a potential health problem, such as anemia or dehydration.Rate this question:
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- 42.
What are verrucae filliformis?
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Hangnail
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Skin tags
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Scars
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Freckle
Correct Answer
A. Skin tagsExplanation
Verrucae filliformis refers to skin tags, which are small, benign growths that appear on the skin. They often occur in areas where there is friction or rubbing, such as the neck, armpits, or groin. Skin tags are typically painless and harmless, but they can be bothersome or cosmetically undesirable for some individuals. They can be easily removed if desired, but it is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which are of the male body is part of both the urinary and the reproductive system?
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Ureter
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Urethra
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Bladder
Correct Answer
A. UrethraExplanation
The urethra is the correct answer because it is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the external urethral orifice, allowing urine to be excreted from the body. Additionally, in males, the urethra also serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, making it a part of the reproductive system as well.Rate this question:
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- 44.
An inflammatory disease of the colon
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Crohns disease
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Irritable bowel syndrome
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Contipation
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Hepatitis
Correct Answer
A. Crohns diseaseExplanation
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory disease that primarily affects the colon. It is characterized by chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, causing symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue. Unlike irritable bowel syndrome and constipation, Crohn's disease involves inflammation and damage to the lining of the digestive tract. Hepatitis, on the other hand, refers to inflammation of the liver and is not related to the colon. Therefore, the correct answer is Crohn's disease.Rate this question:
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- 45.
What is the name of the tube which carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
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Urethra
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Ureter
Correct Answer
A. UreterExplanation
The ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. It is a long, muscular tube that transports urine by peristalsis, a wave-like muscle contraction. The ureter plays a crucial role in the urinary system by facilitating the elimination of waste products from the body. The urethra, on the other hand, is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which type of nutrient is indigestible?
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Starch
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Fibre
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Proteins
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Fats
Correct Answer
A. FibreExplanation
Fibre is the correct answer because it is a type of nutrient that cannot be broken down or digested by the human body. It passes through the digestive system relatively intact, adding bulk to the stool and aiding in regular bowel movements. Fibre is found in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. It provides many health benefits, including promoting digestive health, preventing constipation, and reducing the risk of certain diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which word means to contract?
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Diastole
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Systole
Correct Answer
A. SystoleExplanation
Systole is the correct answer because it refers to the contraction phase of the heartbeat, specifically the contraction of the heart muscles to pump blood out into the arteries. Diastole, on the other hand, refers to the relaxation phase of the heartbeat, when the heart muscles are at rest and the chambers are filling with blood. Therefore, systole is the word that means to contract.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What is urticaria?
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Hives
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Acne
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Wart
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Keloid
Correct Answer
A. HivesExplanation
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised, and red welts on the skin. It occurs as a result of an allergic reaction or an immune response to certain substances such as food, medication, or insect bites. The welts can vary in size and shape and may appear and disappear suddenly. Hives can be triggered by various factors and can be treated with antihistamines or other medications to relieve itching and inflammation.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which pathology is caused when the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart becomes restricted?
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Tachycardia
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Palpitations
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Angina
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Clotting disorder
Correct Answer
A. AnginaExplanation
Angina is caused when the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart becomes restricted. This restriction usually occurs due to the narrowing of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. When the heart does not receive enough oxygen, it can cause chest pain or discomfort, known as angina. This condition is often triggered by physical exertion or emotional stress and can be a warning sign of underlying heart disease. Tachycardia refers to a rapid heart rate, palpitations are abnormal heartbeats, and clotting disorder involves issues with blood clotting, none of which directly relate to the restriction of oxygen-rich blood to the heart.Rate this question:
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May 20, 2025Quiz Edited by
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Mar 09, 2011Quiz Created by
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