Anatomy & Physiology & Pathology
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What is a hordoleum?
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Boil
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Stye
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Freckle
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Skin tag
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About This Quiz
This quiz explores key concepts in human anatomy, physiology, and pathology, assessing knowledge on topics like styes, vertebral bones, phlebitis, and digestion. It's designed to enhance understanding of body functions and disease processes, making it relevant for students and professionals in health-related fields.
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- 2.
How many bones in the spine (vertebrae) are moveable?
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33
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32
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24
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26
Correct Answer
A. 24Explanation
The spine is made up of 33 vertebrae, but only 24 of them are moveable. The remaining 9 vertebrae are fused together to form the sacrum and coccyx, which are immovable bones located at the base of the spine. Therefore, the correct answer is 24.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the name of the pathology caused by inflammation inside of a vein?
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Deep vein thrombosis
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Tachycardia
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Phlebitis
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Embolism
Correct Answer
A. PhlebitisExplanation
Phlebitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of a vein. This condition occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein, causing redness, swelling, and pain in the affected area. Deep vein thrombosis and embolism are related conditions that can result from untreated phlebitis. Tachycardia, on the other hand, is a rapid heart rate and is not directly related to inflammation inside a vein.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The name for a white blood cell is a leucocyte
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A white blood cell is commonly referred to as a leucocyte. Leucocytes are an essential part of the immune system and play a crucial role in defending the body against infections and diseases. These cells are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens, as well as producing antibodies to help fight off future infections. Therefore, it is correct to say that the name for a white blood cell is a leucocyte.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Vitamin C is produced by the skin
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The answer is vitamin DRate this question:
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- 6.
Which type of nutrient starts to be digested in the mouth?
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Fat
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Protein
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Carbohydrate
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Starch
Correct Answer
A. StarchExplanation
Starch is the correct answer because it is a complex carbohydrate that starts to be digested in the mouth. The salivary glands in the mouth release an enzyme called amylase, which begins the breakdown of starch into smaller molecules called maltose. This process is the first step in the digestion of carbohydrates and allows for the absorption of nutrients later in the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Where are faeces stored?
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Colon
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Rectum
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Anus
Correct Answer
A. RectumExplanation
The rectum is where faeces are stored before they are eliminated from the body. It is the final section of the large intestine, located just above the anus. Once the colon has absorbed water and nutrients from the digested food, the remaining waste material is passed into the rectum for temporary storage. When the rectum becomes full, it triggers the urge to have a bowel movement, and the faeces are then expelled through the anus.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the liquid part of blood called?
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Plasma
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Thrombocyte
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Erythrocyte
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Leucocyte
Correct Answer
A. PlasmaExplanation
Plasma is the liquid part of blood that makes up about 55% of its total volume. It is a yellowish fluid that contains water, proteins, electrolytes, hormones, waste products, and nutrients. Plasma plays a crucial role in transporting these substances throughout the body, regulating body temperature, maintaining blood pressure, and supporting the immune system. Thrombocytes, erythrocytes, and leucocytes are all cellular components of blood and do not refer to the liquid part.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In which layer of the dermis are collagen and elastin found?
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Papillary
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Reticular
Correct Answer
A. ReticularExplanation
Collagen and elastin are found in the reticular layer of the dermis. The reticular layer is the deeper layer of the dermis and is responsible for providing strength, support, and elasticity to the skin. Collagen is a protein that gives the skin its structure and helps with wound healing, while elastin allows the skin to stretch and bounce back to its original shape. These two components are crucial for maintaining the integrity and elasticity of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the name of the tube which carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
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Urethra
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Ureter
Correct Answer
A. UreterExplanation
The ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. It is a long, muscular tube that transports urine by peristalsis, a wave-like muscle contraction. The ureter plays a crucial role in the urinary system by facilitating the elimination of waste products from the body. The urethra, on the other hand, is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which glands are found all other the body, particularly the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?
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Sebaceous
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Eccrine
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Appocrine
Correct Answer
A. EccrineExplanation
Eccrine glands are found all over the body, including the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. These glands are responsible for producing sweat, which helps regulate body temperature. Unlike sebaceous glands, which produce oil, and apocrine glands, which are found in specific areas like the armpits and groin, eccrine glands are distributed throughout the entire body.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which part of the small intestine absorbs nutrients?
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Jejeunum
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Duodenum
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Ileum
Correct Answer
A. IleumExplanation
The ileum is the part of the small intestine that absorbs nutrients. It is the final section of the small intestine, located between the jejunum and the large intestine. The inner lining of the ileum contains numerous microscopic finger-like projections called villi, which greatly increase the surface area for absorption. These villi have specialized cells that absorb nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and digested food particles into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is the ileum.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which part of the digestive system stores bile?
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Gallbladder
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Liver
Correct Answer
A. GallbladderExplanation
The gallbladder stores bile, which is produced by the liver. Bile is a greenish-yellow fluid that helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. The liver produces bile and releases it into the gallbladder for storage. When food containing fats enters the small intestine, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the digestive system to aid in the breakdown of fats. Therefore, the correct answer is the gallbladder.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which type of blood cell is responsible for clotting blood?
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Erythrocyte
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Leucocyte
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Thrombocyte
Correct Answer
A. ThrombocyteExplanation
Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, are responsible for clotting blood. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, thrombocytes gather at the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals that activate other clotting factors, leading to the formation of a blood clot. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen, while leucocytes (white blood cells) are responsible for fighting infections.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which type of connective tissue links bones and muscles together?
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Tendon
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Ligament
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Cartilage
Correct Answer
A. TendonExplanation
Tendons are a type of connective tissue that link bones and muscles together. They are strong, flexible cords that attach muscles to bones, allowing for movement and providing stability to the skeletal system. Tendons are composed of collagen fibers, which are highly organized and resistant to tension. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to the bones, enabling movement and facilitating joint stability.Rate this question:
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- 16.
How many bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
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126
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136
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146
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206
Correct Answer
A. 126Explanation
The correct answer is 126. The appendicular skeleton is made up of the bones of the limbs and their associated girdles. This includes the bones of the arms, legs, shoulders, and hips. There are a total of 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Diathrotic is another term for which kind of joint?
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Fibrous
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Cartilaginous
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Synovial
Correct Answer
A. SynovialExplanation
Diathrotic is another term for synovial joint. Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a synovial cavity, which is filled with synovial fluid that lubricates the joint and allows for smooth movement. These joints are highly mobile and allow for a wide range of movement in multiple directions. Examples of synovial joints include the shoulder joint, hip joint, and knee joint.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How much oxygen is exhaled in air?
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21
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16
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24
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28
Correct Answer
A. 16Explanation
The correct answer is 16 because when we exhale, the air we breathe out contains approximately 16% oxygen. The remaining 84% is mostly nitrogen, with small amounts of other gases.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What function do enzymes have?
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To speed up a chemical reaction in the body
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To slow down a chemical reaction in the body
Correct Answer
A. To speed up a chemical reaction in the bodyExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They do this by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. Enzymes are highly specific and can only catalyze specific reactions. They play a crucial role in various biological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and cellular respiration. Without enzymes, many essential reactions in the body would occur too slowly to sustain life. Therefore, the function of enzymes is to accelerate chemical reactions in the body.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What type of nutrient does the enzyme break down?
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Protein
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Fats
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Starch
Correct Answer
A. ProteinExplanation
The enzyme breaks down proteins.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which type of nutrient is indigestible?
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Starch
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Fibre
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Proteins
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Fats
Correct Answer
A. FibreExplanation
Fibre is the correct answer because it is a type of nutrient that cannot be broken down or digested by the human body. It passes through the digestive system relatively intact, adding bulk to the stool and aiding in regular bowel movements. Fibre is found in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. It provides many health benefits, including promoting digestive health, preventing constipation, and reducing the risk of certain diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Where in the body is water reabsorbed?
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Small intestine
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Colon
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Stomach
Correct Answer
A. ColonExplanation
Water is reabsorbed in the colon. The colon is the final part of the digestive system, responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the undigested food material that passes through it. This reabsorption process helps in maintaining the body's fluid balance and preventing dehydration. The small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients, while the stomach is mainly involved in the initial digestion of food.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Dyspepsia is another name for which pathology?
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Indigestion
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Acid reflux
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Flatulence
Correct Answer
A. IndigestionExplanation
Dyspepsia is another term used to refer to indigestion. Indigestion is a common condition characterized by discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen, bloating, and a feeling of fullness after eating. It can be caused by various factors such as overeating, eating too quickly, consuming fatty or spicy foods, or certain medical conditions. Dyspepsia is often used interchangeably with indigestion to describe this condition. Acid reflux and flatulence are related but different conditions that may have similar symptoms but distinct underlying causes.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What does the word brachial mean?
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Pelvis
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Arm
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Leg
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Head
Correct Answer
A. ArmExplanation
The word "brachial" refers to something related to the arm. It is commonly used to describe the brachial artery, which is the major blood vessel in the upper arm. Therefore, the correct answer is "Arm."Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which word means above or higher?
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Inferior
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Superior
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Medial
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Lateral
Correct Answer
A. SuperiorExplanation
The word "superior" means above or higher. It is the opposite of "inferior," which means below or lower. "Medial" refers to the middle or center, while "lateral" refers to the side. Therefore, "superior" is the correct answer as it best fits the given definition.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
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Protection
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Connection
Correct Answer
A. ProtectionExplanation
Epithelial tissue functions primarily in protection. It forms a barrier that covers and protects the surfaces of the body, both internally and externally. This tissue acts as a protective shield against physical, chemical, and microbial damage, preventing harmful substances from entering the body. It also helps in reducing water loss and provides a barrier against infection. Epithelial tissue is found in various organs, such as the skin, lining of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and blood vessels, where protection is crucial for maintaining the body's overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following is not a type of muscle?
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Skeletal
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Cardiac
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Visceral
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Stripped
Correct Answer
A. StrippedExplanation
The term "stripped" is not a recognized type of muscle. The other options, skeletal, cardiac, and visceral, are all types of muscles that exist in the human body. Skeletal muscles are responsible for voluntary movements, cardiac muscles are found in the heart and control its contractions, and visceral muscles are found in the organs and control involuntary movements. However, "stripped" does not correspond to any known type of muscle.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which is the most superficial layer of skin?
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Stratum corenum
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Stratum lucidium
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Stratum granulosm
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Stratum spinosum
Correct Answer
A. Stratum corenumExplanation
The most superficial layer of the skin is the stratum corneum. This layer is composed of dead skin cells that have undergone a process called keratinization, where they have become tough and waterproof. The stratum corneum acts as a protective barrier, preventing the entry of harmful substances and pathogens into the body. It also helps to retain moisture and regulate temperature.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Herpes zoster is another term for shingles
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Herpes zoster is indeed another term for shingles. Shingles is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus can remain dormant in the body and reactivate later in life, causing shingles. The condition is characterized by a painful rash that typically appears in a band or strip on one side of the body. Therefore, the answer "True" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What is tinea capitis?
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Ringworm of the body
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Ringworm of the head
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Athlete's foot
Correct Answer
A. Ringworm of the headExplanation
Tinea capitis is a fungal infection that affects the scalp and hair. It is commonly known as ringworm of the head. This condition is characterized by itchy, scaly patches on the scalp, hair loss, and sometimes the presence of small black dots. It is more common in children and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated objects. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, both oral and topical, to eliminate the infection and promote hair regrowth.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which blood vessel carries blood from the lower body to the heart?
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Inferior vena cava
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Aorta
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Pulmonary artery
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Superior vena cava
Correct Answer
A. Inferior vena cavaExplanation
The correct answer is the inferior vena cava. The inferior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body back to the heart. It is responsible for returning blood from the legs, abdomen, and pelvis to the right atrium of the heart. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart.Rate this question:
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- 32.
How many lobes does the left lung have ?
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2
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3
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The left lung has two lobes.Rate this question:
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- 33.
How many litres of blood are there in the average adult?
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4-5
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5-6
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7-8
Correct Answer
A. 5-6Explanation
The average adult has approximately 5-6 liters of blood in their body. This amount of blood is necessary for the body to carry out its vital functions, such as delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells, removing waste products, and regulating body temperature. Any significant deviation from this range can indicate a potential health problem, such as anemia or dehydration.Rate this question:
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- 34.
In which type of blood vessel does the exchange of nutrients and waste, between the body tissues and the blood take place?
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Arteriole
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Venule
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Capillary
Correct Answer
A. CapillaryExplanation
Capillaries are the smallest and thinnest blood vessels in the body. Their walls are only one cell thick, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the bloodstream and the surrounding tissues. This exchange occurs through the process of diffusion, as oxygen and nutrients move from the capillaries into the tissues, while carbon dioxide and waste products move from the tissues into the capillaries to be transported away. Arterioles and venules are larger blood vessels that connect arteries and veins respectively, but the actual exchange of nutrients and waste occurs in the capillaries.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which layer of the heart is made up of the muscle bulk and is responsible for heart contraction?
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Pericardium
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Myocardium
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Endocardium
Correct Answer
A. MyocardiumExplanation
The myocardium is the correct answer because it is the layer of the heart that is composed of muscle tissue and is responsible for the contraction of the heart. It is the thickest layer of the heart and helps to pump blood throughout the body. The pericardium is the protective outer layer of the heart, while the endocardium is the innermost layer that lines the chambers and valves of the heart.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which type of blood circulation carries blood between the body and the heart?
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Systemic
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Coronary
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Hepatic
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Pulmonary
Correct Answer
A. SystemicExplanation
Systemic circulation carries blood between the body and the heart. This type of circulation is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body and returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart. It involves the arteries, veins, and capillaries throughout the body, ensuring that all organs and tissues receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen for their proper functioning.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
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Tricuspid
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Bicuspid
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Pulmonary
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Aortic
Correct Answer
A. TricuspidExplanation
The valve found between the right atrium and the right ventricle is called the tricuspid valve. This valve has three cusps or flaps that open and close to regulate the flow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle. When the right atrium contracts, the tricuspid valve opens, allowing blood to flow into the right ventricle. When the right ventricle contracts, the tricuspid valve closes to prevent blood from flowing back into the atrium. This ensures that blood flows in one direction, from the atrium to the ventricle, facilitating efficient circulation.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which word means to contract?
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Diastole
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Systole
Correct Answer
A. SystoleExplanation
Systole is the correct answer because it refers to the contraction phase of the heartbeat, specifically the contraction of the heart muscles to pump blood out into the arteries. Diastole, on the other hand, refers to the relaxation phase of the heartbeat, when the heart muscles are at rest and the chambers are filling with blood. Therefore, systole is the word that means to contract.Rate this question:
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- 39.
What does the word calcaneal mean?
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Heel
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Head
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Neck
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Arm
Correct Answer
A. HeelExplanation
The word "calcaneal" refers to something related to the heel. In anatomy, the calcaneus is the bone that forms the heel of the foot. Therefore, "heel" is the correct answer as it directly corresponds to the meaning of the word "calcaneal".Rate this question:
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- 40.
In this type of movement, water molecules move from a high to a low concentration.
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Diffusion
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Osmosis
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Active transport
Correct Answer
A. OsmosisExplanation
Osmosis is the correct answer because it is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This process occurs across a semi-permeable membrane, allowing water to pass through but not solute particles. Osmosis is important for maintaining balance in cells and is commonly observed in biological systems, such as the movement of water in plant roots or the absorption of water in the intestines.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Which part of a cell controls movement in and out of a cell?
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Nucleus
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Golgi body
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Cell membrane
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Nucleus
Correct Answer
A. Cell membraneExplanation
The cell membrane is responsible for controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It acts as a barrier, allowing certain molecules to pass through while preventing others from entering or leaving the cell. This selective permeability is crucial for maintaining the internal environment of the cell and regulating the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and signaling molecules with the surrounding environment. The nucleus, on the other hand, contains the cell's genetic material and is involved in controlling cell functions, but it does not directly control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 42.
In which layer of the skin, do cells become keritanised?
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Stratum corneum
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Stratum granulosum
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Starum lucidium
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Stratum germinativum
Correct Answer
A. Stratum granulosumExplanation
The correct answer is Stratum granulosum. This is the layer of the skin where cells undergo the process of keratinization, which is the formation of the tough protein keratin. As cells move from the Stratum germinativum to the Stratum granulosum, they begin to produce keratin and other proteins, causing them to become flattened and filled with granules. These granules contain enzymes and lipids that help to waterproof the skin and provide protection against external factors.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which pathology is onychocryptosis?
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Ingrowing toenail
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Ringworm of the nail
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White spots
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Bacterial infection of the nail
Correct Answer
A. Ingrowing toenailExplanation
Onychocryptosis refers to the condition of an ingrowing toenail, where the edge of the toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, inflammation, and sometimes infection. This condition commonly occurs in the big toe and can be caused by improper nail trimming, tight footwear, or genetic factors. It is important to treat ingrowing toenails promptly to prevent further complications and relieve discomfort.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The tempro-mandibular joint is an example of which type of synovial joint?
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Hinge
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Ball and socket
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Pivot
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Condyloid
Correct Answer
A. CondyloidExplanation
The tempro-mandibular joint refers to the joint connecting the temporal bone of the skull to the mandible (lower jaw). This joint allows for movement in multiple directions, including rotation, translation, and gliding. A condyloid joint is a type of synovial joint that allows for movement in two planes, making it the most suitable classification for the tempro-mandibular joint.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which lung has more lobes (3 instead of 2) and is therefore the largest?
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Right
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Left
Correct Answer
A. RightExplanation
The right lung has three lobes instead of two, making it larger than the left lung. This anatomical difference allows for a greater surface area for gas exchange and increased respiratory capacity. The additional lobe in the right lung helps accommodate the heart, which is located slightly to the left side of the chest.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What happens during inhalation?
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Contraction of diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thorax
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Contraction of diaphragm muscle decreases the volume of the thorax
Correct Answer
A. Contraction of diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thoraxExplanation
During inhalation, the diaphragm muscle contracts. This contraction causes the diaphragm to move downward, which increases the volume of the thorax. As the volume of the thorax increases, the pressure inside the lungs decreases. This decrease in pressure allows air to rush into the lungs, filling them with oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is that the contraction of the diaphragm muscle increases the volume of the thorax.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which pigment inside of red blood cells picks up the oxygen?
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Oxyhaemoglobin
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Haemoglobin
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Erythema
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Plasma
Correct Answer
A. HaemoglobinExplanation
Haemoglobin is the pigment inside red blood cells that picks up oxygen. It is a protein molecule that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to the body's tissues and organs. This process is crucial for the transportation of oxygen throughout the body and is essential for normal bodily functions. Oxyhaemoglobin is the form of haemoglobin that is bound to oxygen, while erythema refers to the redness of the skin and plasma is the liquid component of blood.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which spinchter controls the movement of food from the stomach into the small intestine?
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Cardiac
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Pyloric
Correct Answer
A. PyloricExplanation
The pyloric sphincter controls the movement of food from the stomach into the small intestine. It is located at the lower end of the stomach and regulates the release of partially digested food, known as chyme, into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. The pyloric sphincter opens and closes to allow the controlled passage of food, preventing backflow and ensuring proper digestion and absorption of nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which enzyme is found in the mouth?
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Pepsin
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Hydrochloric
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Trypsin
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Amylase
Correct Answer
A. AmylaseExplanation
Amylase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that is found in the mouth. It is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into smaller molecules such as sugars. This enzyme is produced by the salivary glands and is released into the mouth during the process of chewing and swallowing food. Amylase starts the digestion of starches in the mouth before the food reaches the stomach.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 09, 2011Quiz Created by
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