Alexander And The Hellenistic Kingdom-ancient Greece

Stoicism is a belief system that focuses on finding happiness and inner peace by accepting and aligning oneself with the will of God or the natural order of the universe. It teaches individuals to detach themselves from external circumstances and instead cultivate inner tranquility and virtue. Stoics believe that by accepting what is beyond their control and focusing on developing their own character and ethical behavior, they can achieve a state of inner peace and happiness.

Alexander the Great established a monarchy as the form of government. As the king of Macedonia, he centralized power and ruled with absolute authority. He appointed governors and administrators to oversee different regions of his empire, but ultimate decision-making rested with him. This centralized control allowed Alexander to effectively govern and maintain control over his vast territories. His monarchy was characterized by a strong central authority and a hierarchical structure, where power was concentrated in the hands of the king.

Alexander the Great's legacy encompasses military, politics, and culture. He was known for his exceptional military tactics and conquests, which expanded the Macedonian Empire to its greatest extent. Additionally, he implemented political reforms in the territories he conquered, blending Greek and Persian elements to create a new governing system. Lastly, Alexander's conquests led to the spread of Greek culture and language, known as Hellenism, which had a profound influence on the regions he conquered and beyond.

Hellenistic art is characterized by its flowing and dynamic forms, which were a departure from the more rigid and static style of earlier Greek art. This style emerged during the Hellenistic period, which followed the conquests of Alexander the Great and saw the blending of Greek, Egyptian, and Eastern influences. Hellenistic sculptures often depicted figures in motion, with flowing drapery and exaggerated poses, conveying a sense of drama and emotion. This emphasis on movement and fluidity is what makes Hellenistic art "flowy."

Alexandria and Pergamum were both important cultural centers in ancient times. Alexandria, located in Egypt, was known for its famous library and was a hub of learning and scholarship. Pergamum, located in present-day Turkey, was renowned for its library as well and was a center for art, literature, and science. Both cities played significant roles in the development and dissemination of knowledge and culture during their respective time periods.

Epicureanism believed that one should separate themselves from society in order to find peace and happiness. This philosophy emphasized the importance of avoiding unnecessary desires and seeking simple pleasures. By detaching oneself from the distractions and pressures of society, individuals could focus on fulfilling their basic needs and cultivating a tranquil and content life. This separation allowed them to prioritize their own well-being and minimize the influence of external factors on their happiness.

Epicureanism is a philosophical belief that emphasizes the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain as the ultimate goal in life. It promotes the idea that individuals have the freedom to pursue their own self-interests and desires, as long as they do not harm others in the process. This aligns with the given statement, as it suggests that humans have the freedom to follow their self-interests as a fundamental driving force in their actions and choices.

Alexander wanted to invade the Persian Empire.

Phillip II's plan for the Greeks was to bring an end to their freedom. This implies that he intended to conquer and subjugate the Greek city-states, thereby eliminating their autonomy and independence. It suggests that Phillip II sought to establish his dominance and control over the Greeks, possibly through military conquest or political manipulation.