Chapter 5 Ancient Greeks

Plato is the correct answer because he is known for his belief in an ideal society ruled by philosopher-kings, where the smarter individuals govern over the lesser ones. This aligns with the hint provided, which states that this person does not believe in democracy and believes that not everyone is equal. The use of both "Plato" and "plato" in the answer is likely a formatting error or repetition.

The correct answer is Socrates. Socrates is known for his famous quote, "The unexamined life is not worth living." This quote reflects his belief in the importance of questioning and critically examining one's own life and beliefs. By constantly questioning and seeking knowledge, Socrates believed that individuals could lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life.

This quote is attributed to Socrates, a Greek philosopher known for his contributions to ethics and moral philosophy. Socrates believed that a system of morality based on subjective emotional values is false and lacks any solid foundation. He argued that there are absolute rights and wrongs that exist independently of individual opinions or emotions. Socrates emphasized the importance of objective moral standards and the pursuit of knowledge and truth in ethical decision-making.

The correct answer is Epicureans. The quote suggests that in order to live a pleasant life, one must live wisely, well, and justly. And in order to live wisely, well, and justly, one must also live a pleasant life. This aligns with the philosophy of Epicureanism, which emphasizes the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain as the ultimate goal in life. The Epicureans believed that pleasure is achieved through living virtuously and in harmony with nature.

The correct answer is Stoics. The Stoics believed that true freedom is not attained by fulfilling one's desires, but by removing desire altogether. They emphasized the importance of reason and logic over emotions and desires, teaching that one should strive to detach themselves from material possessions and external circumstances in order to find inner peace and freedom. By practicing self-control and focusing on what is within their control, the Stoics believed individuals could achieve true freedom and live a virtuous life.

The correct answer is "Stoics, stoics." The Stoics believed that true freedom comes from being in control of one's emotions and desires. They emphasized the importance of self-mastery and believed that by achieving this, one could attain inner peace and live a virtuous life. The quote suggests that a person who is not in control of themselves is not truly free. The Stoics valued self-discipline and believed that by mastering their emotions, individuals could achieve true freedom and happiness.

The quote suggests that it is ideal to approach life with moderation, neither being too eager or ambitious (thirsty) nor being complacent or indulgent (drunken). Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, often emphasized the importance of finding balance and avoiding extremes in various aspects of life. Therefore, it is logical to attribute this quote to him.

Zeus is described as the supreme god who throws lightning bolts. This description aligns with Zeus' role as the king of the gods in Greek mythology. He is known for his control over the weather, particularly his ability to throw lightning bolts as a symbol of his power and authority. This description accurately captures Zeus' position and his association with lightning.

The correct answer is "Sophists, sophists". The hint suggests that the quote is about taking control of one's own destiny and not relying on divine intervention. The Sophists were a group of ancient Greek philosophers who emphasized the importance of individual improvement and self-improvement. They believed that humans have the power to shape their own fate through their actions and choices. Therefore, it is likely that a Sophist would have said this quote.

The term "The Great" is best defined as the title given to Alexander because of his many achievements. This title was bestowed upon Alexander the Great due to his successful military campaigns, vast empire, and cultural influence. He is considered one of the greatest military tacticians and conquerors in history, and his achievements shaped the course of Western civilization.

Alexander was buried in the city he built and named after himself. This indicates that the city in question is named after Alexander, and it is the city where he was buried. The correct answer is Alexandria, Egypt.

Alexander became king at the age of 20 years old after his father was assassinated by his own people. This suggests that Alexander was not initially the designated heir to the throne, but due to the untimely death of his father, he assumed the role of king at a relatively young age.

Alexander the Great once built a land bridge, known as a "mole," to connect an island located half a mile offshore. The city on this island was called Tyre.

Aristotle is the correct answer because he is known for his philosophical ideas and teachings, one of which is the concept that there are always two sides to every question or argument. This idea suggests that in any debate or discussion, there are multiple perspectives and viewpoints that need to be considered in order to fully understand the issue at hand. By stating that the answer is in the middle, it implies that Aristotle believed in finding a balanced and rational approach to understanding different perspectives and finding a common ground.

The term phalanx refers to a box-shaped formation of soldiers. This formation was commonly used in ancient Greek warfare and involved soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder in tight ranks, with their shields overlapping to create a solid wall of defense. The phalanx was known for its effectiveness in battle, as it provided protection and allowed for coordinated attacks.

The term Olympus refers to the mountain upon which the Greek gods lived. In Greek mythology, Mount Olympus was believed to be the dwelling place of the gods and was considered the highest mountain in Greece. It was seen as a sacred place and was associated with the divine and immortal beings of Greek mythology.

Alexander is given credit for having spread the Hellenistic Age, which refers to the period of time when Greek culture, language, and influence spread throughout the known world. This suggests that Alexander's conquests and influence extended beyond Greece itself, as he brought Greek customs, language, and ideas to the various regions he conquered. This explanation aligns with the concept of the Hellenistic Age, which was characterized by the blending of Greek and local cultures in the conquered territories.

The description fits the goddess Aphrodite because she is commonly known as the goddess of love and beauty. This aligns with her role in Greek mythology, where she is often associated with love, desire, and physical attractiveness. She is also known for her involvement in romantic relationships and her ability to inspire love and desire in others.

The term Hellenistic refers to the word used to describe Greek influence. This term is often used to describe the period of time after the death of Alexander the Great when Greek culture and influence spread throughout the Mediterranean and Middle East. It encompasses the spread of Greek language, art, philosophy, and customs to other regions, resulting in a blending of Greek and local cultures.

The term myth is best defined as a story made up to answer a question. Myths are traditional narratives that explain natural phenomena, cultural beliefs, and historical events. They often involve gods, heroes, and supernatural beings and are passed down through generations. Myths serve as a way to understand and make sense of the world, providing explanations for various aspects of life and existence.

Hemlock is defined as a poison that is derived from the juices of a plant. It is not associated with excellence, a prophecy given by the gods, or a story made up to answer a question. Hemlock is a toxic substance that can be harmful or fatal if ingested.

The given answer correctly describes Hera as the queen of the gods, who is very beautiful and married to Zeus.

Poseidon is commonly known as the god of the sea and horses. He is also associated with causing earthquakes and is often depicted carrying a trident, which is a three-pronged spear. This description aligns with the attributes commonly associated with Poseidon in Greek mythology.

The given answer correctly describes Hades as the god of the Underworld and the keeper of dead people's souls. In Greek mythology, Hades ruled over the realm of the dead and was responsible for the souls of the deceased. This aligns with the description provided in the answer.

During his invasion of India, Alexander the Great encountered an army that possessed over 200 armored war elephants. These war elephants were a formidable force on the battlefield, providing the Indian army with both mobility and a powerful weapon. The sheer size and strength of these animals made them an intimidating presence, capable of trampling and causing chaos among enemy ranks. Alexander and his troops would have had to devise strategies to counter these war elephants, as they posed a significant threat to their success in battle.

The term oracle refers to a prophecy given by the gods. In ancient Greek mythology, an oracle was a person or place through which the gods communicated their divine will and future predictions. Oracles were highly respected and sought after for their ability to provide guidance and insight into important matters. They were believed to have a direct connection to the gods and their prophecies were considered authoritative and sacred. Therefore, the definition of oracle as "a prophecy given by the gods" accurately captures the essence of this term.

Alexander was from Macedonia because he was born in Pella, the capital of Macedonia, in 356 BC. He later became the king of Macedonia and went on to conquer a vast empire that stretched from Greece to Egypt and India. Macedonia was a powerful kingdom in ancient Greece and Alexander's conquests further solidified its influence and dominance in the region.

Hermes is known as the messenger of the gods because he carries messages between the gods and humans. He is often depicted wearing winged shoes, which symbolize his ability to travel swiftly. Additionally, Hermes is associated with guiding souls to the Underworld, specifically to Hades. This is why he is described as carrying souls to Hades.

According to the given information, Alexander was told by an oracle that his father was Zeus.

The description fits the goddess Athena because she is known as the goddess of wisdom and is associated with the city of Athens. She is often depicted as a wise and strategic deity, and she played a significant role in the governance and protection of Athens.

The term philosophers refers to individuals who are known for their teachings about life and are described as "lovers of knowledge". They are not specifically mentioned to teach about fate, happiness, or duty, but their main characteristic is their pursuit and love for knowledge.

Alexander the Great's real father's name was Philip II. Philip II was the king of Macedonia and the father of Alexander the Great. He was a powerful ruler and military strategist, known for his expansionist policies and successful campaigns. Philip II played a significant role in shaping Alexander's upbringing and education, ultimately preparing him to become one of the greatest military leaders in history.

Artemis is described as the goddess of the hunt, carrying silver arrows and followed by a pack of hound dogs. This aligns with her traditional role in Greek mythology, where she is often depicted as a skilled huntress and protector of wildlife. Additionally, the mention of her carrying silver arrows and being followed by hound dogs further reinforces her association with hunting.

The term "arete" refers to excellence, which is considered to be the highest virtue in Greek culture. It represents the idea of reaching one's fullest potential and achieving greatness in various aspects of life, including moral, intellectual, and physical excellence. Arete is highly valued and sought after in Greek society, as it encompasses qualities such as courage, wisdom, and integrity. It is not related to a poison, prophecy, or a made-up story.

The Epicureans were a philosophical group in ancient Greece who believed that the ultimate goal in life is to achieve happiness. They taught that happiness is the meaning of life and that the pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain are the key to achieving this happiness. They believed that true pleasure comes from living a simple and virtuous life, free from unnecessary desires and fears. The Epicureans emphasized the importance of finding contentment in the present moment rather than constantly striving for more.

Hephaestus is the god of the forge, known for his craftsmanship and skill in metalworking. The mention of a statue standing over Birmingham suggests that Hephaestus is associated with the city and its history of metalworking and industry. This aligns with his role as the god of the forge, making the answer "god of the forge, a statue of whom now stands over Birmingham" the correct description for Hephaestus.

The term Stoics refers to a philosophical school that believed in prioritizing duty over emotions. They believed that individuals should focus on fulfilling their responsibilities and obligations rather than being swayed by their emotions. Stoics emphasized the importance of self-control and rationality in order to achieve a virtuous life. They believed that by fulfilling their duties with integrity and moral virtue, individuals could attain true happiness and live in accordance with nature.

The term Sophists refers to a group of ancient Greek philosophers who believed that man had control over his own destiny, rather than being subject to the whims of the gods. They emphasized the power of human reason and argued that individuals could shape their own lives through their actions and choices. This belief in human agency and autonomy was a central tenet of Sophist philosophy.