Abnormal Psychology Exam 1

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Positive psychology was aimed at encouraging positive feelings and behaviors.
- True
- False

About This Quiz

The 'Abnormal Psychology Exam 1' assesses understanding of historical and conceptual foundations of abnormal psychology. Topics include criteria for psychological abnormality, historical treatments, and the evolution of mental health care. This quiz is essential for students in psychology, enhancing their comprehension of the field's complexities.

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2.

Therapy is generally more effective then no therapy.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Therapy is generally more effective than no therapy because it provides individuals with professional guidance and support to address their mental or emotional challenges. Therapists are trained to help individuals understand their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, and develop healthier coping mechanisms. Through therapy, individuals can gain insights, learn new skills, and receive appropriate treatment for their specific needs. Without therapy, individuals may struggle to manage their difficulties on their own, leading to prolonged distress and potential worsening of symptoms. Therefore, seeking therapy is often a beneficial step towards improving mental well-being.

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1
3.

Clinical interviews are generally good at gathering information about a client to assist in diagnoses and treatment plans.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Clinical interviews are an effective method for gathering information about a client's background, symptoms, and experiences. These interviews involve direct interaction between the clinician and the client, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the client's concerns. Through open-ended questions and active listening, clinicians can gather valuable information that aids in making accurate diagnoses and developing appropriate treatment plans. The personal nature of clinical interviews also helps establish rapport and trust between the clinician and client, facilitating a more collaborative and effective therapeutic relationship.

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4.

More then one type of clinical investigation is better to investigate a disorder.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Having more than one type of clinical investigation is beneficial in investigating a disorder because different types of investigations provide different perspectives and insights into the disorder. Each type of investigation may focus on different aspects of the disorder, such as its biological, psychological, or social factors. By utilizing multiple types of investigations, researchers can gather a comprehensive understanding of the disorder, which can lead to more accurate diagnoses, effective treatments, and improved patient outcomes. Therefore, the statement "More than one type of clinical investigation is better to investigate a disorder" is true.

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5.

___________ try(ies) to understand how race, gender, ethnicity, and culture affect behaviors.
- Somatogenic perspective
- Multiculturism
- Outpatient therapy
- Research analyzers
Correct Answer

A. Multiculturism

Explanation

Multiculturism is the correct answer because it refers to the study or recognition of multiple cultures and their influence on behaviors. It involves understanding how race, gender, ethnicity, and culture affect behaviors, which aligns with the given statement. The other options, such as somatogenic perspective, outpatient therapy, and research analyzers, do not directly relate to the study of culture and its impact on behaviors.

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6.

Norepinephrine, a type of neurotransmitter, may be irregular in people that suffer from panic attacks or anxiety.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Norepinephrine is indeed a type of neurotransmitter that plays a role in the body's stress response. It is involved in regulating mood, attention, and arousal, and can increase heart rate and blood pressure. Research suggests that imbalances or irregularities in norepinephrine levels may contribute to the development of panic attacks and anxiety disorders. Therefore, it is true that norepinephrine may be irregular in people who suffer from panic attacks or anxiety.

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1
7.

Multiculturism emegered due to more cultures.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Multiculturalism emerged as a result of the presence of multiple cultures within a society. It recognizes and respects the diversity of cultures, promoting the coexistence and interaction between different ethnic, religious, and social groups. Multiculturalism aims to foster inclusivity, tolerance, and understanding among individuals from various cultural backgrounds. Therefore, the statement that multiculturalism emerged due to more cultures is true.

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1
8.

Excessive worry or ongoing anxiety for at least 6 months, difficulty controlling the worry, restlessness, irritability, muscle tension, and significant distress or impairment are symptoms of...
- Social phobia.
- Generalized anxiety disorder.
- Panic disorder.
Correct Answer

A. Generalized anxiety disorder.

Explanation

The symptoms described in the question, such as excessive worry, difficulty controlling the worry, restlessness, irritability, muscle tension, and significant distress or impairment, are characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder. Social phobia refers to a fear of social situations, while panic disorder is characterized by recurrent panic attacks. Therefore, the correct answer is generalized anxiety disorder.

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9.

MRI, CT scan, PET scan, CAT scan, and fMRI are all forms of...
- Biopsy.
- X-ray.
- Electroencephalogram
- Neuroimaging.
Correct Answer

A. Neuroimaging.

Explanation

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT scan (Computed Tomography), PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography), CAT scan (Computerized Axial Tomography), and fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) are all medical imaging techniques used to visualize the structure and function of the brain and other parts of the body. These techniques provide detailed images that help in diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is neuroimaging, which refers to the use of imaging techniques to study the nervous system.

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1
10.

__________: A test consisting of ambiguous material that people interpret or respond to.
- Inventory test
- Projective test
- Personality test
Correct Answer

A. Projective test

Explanation

A projective test is a type of test that presents ambiguous material to individuals, such as images or incomplete sentences, and asks them to interpret or respond to it. This type of test is designed to reveal unconscious thoughts, feelings, or motivations of the person being tested. It allows individuals to project their own thoughts and emotions onto the ambiguous stimuli, providing insights into their personality traits or psychological state.

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11.

Personality inventories are not highly valid and have cultural limitations.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Personality inventories are not highly valid because they may not accurately measure an individual's personality traits or characteristics. Additionally, these inventories may have cultural limitations, meaning that they may not be applicable or relevant to individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, the statement that personality inventories are not highly valid and have cultural limitations is true.

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1
12.

Trephining was...
- Used during the renaissance era.
- Using a stone instrument to cut a piece of skull out.
- A means of eliminating people with abnormalities.
- Popular amongst African cultures.
Correct Answer

A. Using a stone instrument to cut a piece of skull out.

Explanation

During the Renaissance era, trephining was a medical procedure that involved using a stone instrument to cut a piece of the skull out. This practice was believed to relieve pressure on the brain and was used to treat various conditions such as head injuries, mental illnesses, and epilepsy. The procedure was performed by making a small hole or removing a circular piece of the skull, allowing access to the brain. Although trephining was used in various cultures throughout history, it was particularly popular during the Renaissance era.

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3
13.

Idiographic is...
- When clinicians seek to learn more about unusual disorders.
- How researchers determine if a certain trait is abnormal.
- When clinicians use individual information about a client to understand their behaviors.
Correct Answer

A. When clinicians use individual information about a client to understand their behaviors.

Explanation

The term "idiographic" refers to the approach used by clinicians when they gather and analyze individual information about a client in order to understand their behaviors. This approach focuses on the unique characteristics and experiences of the client, rather than generalizing findings from a larger population. By considering the specific context and circumstances of the client, clinicians can gain a deeper understanding of their behaviors and tailor interventions and treatments accordingly.

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14.

An understanding of the behavior or a particular individual.
- Nomothetic understanding
- Clinical understanding
- Idiographic understanding
Correct Answer

A. Idiographic understanding

Explanation

Idiographic understanding refers to the study and comprehension of the unique characteristics and behaviors of an individual. It focuses on the specific details and context of a person's life, experiences, and personality traits. This approach aims to gain a deep understanding of an individual's subjective experiences and to explain their behavior based on their personal circumstances and history. It contrasts with the nomothetic approach, which seeks to identify general laws and principles that apply to a group or population. Clinical understanding, on the other hand, refers to the application of psychological knowledge and theories in a therapeutic or clinical setting to assess, diagnose, and treat individuals with mental health issues.

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15.

Nomothetic is...
- When clinical researchers try to develop broad laws and principles of abnormal functioning.
- When researchers attempt to explain certain attributes about a disorder.
- When clinical researchers believe that abnormal functioning is due to imbalances of neurotransmitters.
Correct Answer

A. When clinical researchers try to develop broad laws and principles of abnormal functioning.

Explanation

The term "nomothetic" refers to the approach used by clinical researchers to develop broad laws and principles of abnormal functioning. This approach involves studying a large number of individuals to identify patterns and general principles that can be applied to a larger population. It aims to uncover universal laws and principles that can explain abnormal functioning in a more general sense, rather than focusing on specific attributes or imbalances of neurotransmitters in a disorder.

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16.

A general understanding of the nature, causes and treatments of abnormal psychological functioning in the form of laws or principles.
- Idiographic understanding
- Nomothetic understanding
- Clinical understanding
Correct Answer

A. Nomothetic understanding

Explanation

Nomothetic understanding refers to a general understanding of abnormal psychological functioning, focusing on identifying commonalities and patterns across individuals. It aims to establish laws or principles that can be applied to a larger population. This approach allows researchers and clinicians to develop theories and treatments that can be applied to a wide range of individuals with similar symptoms or conditions. In contrast, idiographic understanding focuses on understanding the unique characteristics and experiences of each individual, while clinical understanding refers to the application of knowledge and skills in a clinical setting.

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2
17.

Clinical Interviews are usually very valid and reliable.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Clinical interviews are not always very valid and reliable. While they can provide valuable information, the validity and reliability of the information obtained through clinical interviews can be influenced by various factors such as the interviewer's biases, the patient's willingness to disclose information, and the subjective interpretation of the interviewer. Therefore, it is important to consider other sources of information and use standardized assessment measures to ensure a more comprehensive and objective evaluation.

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18.

The somatogenic perspective began in during the 20th century.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The somatogenic perspective did not begin during the 20th century. This perspective actually emerged in the late 19th century and was popularized by figures like Emil Kraepelin and Wilhelm Wundt. The somatogenic perspective focused on the idea that mental disorders were primarily caused by physical factors, such as genetics or brain abnormalities. This perspective was later challenged by the psychogenic perspective, which emphasized the role of psychological and environmental factors in the development of mental disorders.

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2
19.

In panic disorder, biological theorists found that irregular ___________ activity may be related to activity in the locus ceruleus.
- Neuron
- Norepinephrine
- Amygdala
- Neurotransmitter
Correct Answer

A. Norepinephrine

Explanation

In panic disorder, irregular norepinephrine activity may be related to activity in the locus ceruleus. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in the body's stress response. The locus ceruleus is a part of the brain that is involved in regulating emotions, including fear and anxiety. The irregular activity of norepinephrine in this area may contribute to the heightened anxiety and panic symptoms experienced in panic disorder.

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1
20.

During the middle ages, to treat abnormal behaviors, people...
- Performed exorcisms.
- Used virtual prisons.
- Thought demons were the cause.
- Wanted to eliminate the mentally ill.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Performed exorcisms.
A. Thought demons were the cause.

Explanation

During the middle ages, people believed that abnormal behaviors were caused by demons, so they performed exorcisms as a way to treat these behaviors. They believed that by driving out the demons, the person would be cured. This belief in demonic possession was prevalent during this time period and influenced the methods used to treat mental illness.

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2
21.

Disadvantages of unstructured interviews...
- Asks detailed questions, leaving opportunity to miss important information.
- Makes it difficult to get other pieces of information.
- Has several questions, causing distraction to clients.
- Client's usually deny having any problems.
Correct Answer

A. Makes it difficult to get other pieces of information.

Explanation

Unstructured interviews can be disadvantageous because they ask detailed questions, which may cause the interviewer to miss important information. Additionally, the lack of structure makes it difficult to gather other pieces of information that may be relevant to the interview. The presence of several questions can also be distracting to clients, potentially affecting their responses. Furthermore, clients may often deny having any problems, making it challenging to obtain accurate and comprehensive information during the interview.

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1
22.

In GAD, biological theorists believe when GABA is recieved at a receptor, it causes the _______ to stop firing, ending a person's anxiety.
- Neurotransmitter
- Norepinephrine
- Neuron
- Locus ceruleus
Correct Answer

A. Neuron

Explanation

In GAD, biological theorists believe that when GABA is received at a receptor, it causes the neuron to stop firing, ending a person's anxiety. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning it reduces the activity of neurons in the brain. By inhibiting neuronal activity, GABA helps to regulate and calm the brain, reducing anxiety symptoms. Therefore, the correct answer is neuron, as it is the cell responsible for transmitting signals in the nervous system.

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23.

Managed care is...
- A type of insurance coverage.
- Used to help manage a patients behaviors.
- A research procedure used to observe a patient.
- The most popular form of behavioral care.
Correct Answer

A. A type of insurance coverage.

Explanation

Managed care is a type of insurance coverage that focuses on coordinating and managing healthcare services for patients. It involves a network of healthcare providers who agree to provide services to the insured individuals at a negotiated rate. The goal of managed care is to improve quality of care, control costs, and ensure that patients receive appropriate and necessary healthcare services. This type of insurance coverage often includes utilization management, case management, and disease management programs to help manage and coordinate the care provided to patients.

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24.

Behavioral and cognitive clinicians tend to use...
- Structured interviews.
- Unstructured interviews.
- Mental status exam.
- Observations.
Correct Answer

A. Structured interviews.

Explanation

Behavioral and cognitive clinicians tend to use structured interviews because they provide a standardized and systematic approach to gathering information about a client's symptoms, behaviors, and thoughts. Structured interviews use a predetermined set of questions that cover specific areas of assessment, allowing clinicians to gather comprehensive and reliable data. This approach helps ensure consistency across assessments and improves the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment planning. Unstructured interviews may lack consistency and may not cover all relevant areas, while mental status exams and observations are additional assessment tools that may be used in conjunction with structured interviews but are not the primary method used by behavioral and cognitive clinicians.

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25.

3 important criteria included in experiments to guard against confounds...
- Control group
- Experimental design
- Random assignment
- Blind design
Correct Answer(s)

A. Control group
A. Random assignment
A. Blind design

Explanation

Control group, random assignment, and blind design are three important criteria included in experiments to guard against confounds. A control group is a group that does not receive the experimental treatment and serves as a comparison for the experimental group. Random assignment ensures that participants are assigned to different groups randomly, reducing the chance of bias. Blind design refers to keeping the participants or researchers unaware of the group assignments to minimize bias. These criteria help to ensure that any observed effects are due to the experimental treatment rather than other factors.

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2
26.

Prevention programs used __________.
- Research from various cultures
- Information about individual patients
- Positive psychology
- Managed care techniques
Correct Answer

A. Positive psychology

Explanation

Prevention programs used positive psychology as a strategy to promote mental health and prevent mental illnesses. Positive psychology focuses on enhancing positive emotions, character strengths, and overall well-being. By incorporating positive psychology principles into prevention programs, individuals can develop resilience, coping skills, and a positive mindset, which can help them better navigate life's challenges and reduce the risk of developing mental health issues.

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1
27.

Pros of correlational method...
- Is that clinicians are able to learn about unusual disorders.
- Is that they use statistic analysis to test accuracy.
- Is that researchers perform this method on their patient.
- Is that results are easily generalized.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Is that they use statistic analysis to test accuracy.
A. Is that results are easily generalized.

Explanation

The pros of the correlational method are that it allows clinicians to learn about unusual disorders and researchers are able to use statistical analysis to test accuracy. Additionally, the results obtained from the correlational method are easily generalized to a larger population.

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28.

_________ inventories are not tested for accuracy and consistency because they are mostly used when need arises.

Correct Answer(s)
Response

Explanation
Inventories that are used when a need arises, such as emergency supplies or backup stock, are not regularly tested for accuracy and consistency because they are not constantly in use. These inventories are typically kept on hand for unexpected situations or to meet sudden demands, so there is less emphasis on regularly validating their accuracy. Instead, they are relied upon only when necessary, making frequent testing unnecessary.

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29.

_____________: neurological test that takes pictures of brain structure or brain activity.

Correct Answer(s)
neuroimaging, brain scans

Explanation
Neuroimaging refers to the use of various techniques to obtain images of the brain's structure or activity. One common method is through brain scans, which can provide detailed pictures of the brain and its functions. These scans are often used in neurological tests to diagnose and study various brain disorders or abnormalities. Therefore, neuroimaging and brain scans are closely related and can be used interchangeably in the context of this question.

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30.

A _________ test detects brain impairment by measuring a person's cognitive, perceptual, and motor performance, when a brain scan can't detect the subtle impairments.

Correct Answer(s)
neuropsychological

Explanation
A neuropsychological test is used to detect brain impairment by evaluating a person's cognitive, perceptual, and motor abilities. This type of test is employed when a brain scan is unable to identify subtle impairments.

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31.

Psychoanalysis, hypnotism, and outpatient therapy were formed because of the _________ perspective.

Correct Answer(s)
psychogenic

Explanation
Psychoanalysis, hypnotism, and outpatient therapy were formed because of the psychogenic perspective. The term "psychogenic" refers to the belief that psychological factors are the root cause of certain disorders or conditions. This perspective suggests that mental and emotional factors can influence physical health and well-being. Therefore, psychoanalysis, hypnotism, and outpatient therapy were developed as approaches to address and treat psychological issues that were believed to be the underlying cause of various symptoms and conditions.

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32.

Panic disorder has these symptoms...
- Recurrent unexpected panic attacks.
- Persistent concern about having additional attacks.
- Worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks.
- Significant change in behavior related to the attacks.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks.
A. Persistent concern about having additional attacks.
A. Worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks.
A. Significant change in behavior related to the attacks.

Explanation

Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, which are sudden and intense episodes of fear or discomfort. People with panic disorder also experience persistent concern about having additional attacks, as they are often worried about when the next attack may occur. They also worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks, such as feeling embarrassed or losing control. Furthermore, panic disorder can lead to a significant change in behavior, as individuals may avoid certain situations or places to prevent triggering a panic attack.

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33.

___________ stated that insurance companies had to provide the same care to patients with mental health and medical health problems.

Correct Answer(s)
Parity Laws

Explanation
Parity laws are regulations that require insurance companies to provide equal coverage for mental health and medical health conditions. These laws ensure that individuals with mental health issues receive the same level of care and benefits as those with physical health problems. By mandating equal treatment, parity laws aim to eliminate discrimination against individuals seeking mental health services and promote equity in healthcare coverage.

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34.

The value of clinical interviews depends on...
- Standardization.
- The validity.
- The reliability.
- The type of interview.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Standardization.
A. The validity.
A. The reliability.

Explanation

The value of clinical interviews depends on standardization, validity, and reliability. Standardization ensures consistency in the interview process, making it easier to compare results across different individuals or settings. Validity refers to the accuracy of the interview in measuring what it intends to measure, such as symptoms or psychological constructs. Reliability indicates the consistency and stability of the interview results over time and across different interviewers. All three factors are crucial in ensuring the effectiveness and usefulness of clinical interviews in gathering accurate and reliable information for assessment and diagnosis.

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35.

Limitations of clinical interviews...
- The information is usually vague.
- The client may intentionally be misleading.
- They may lack validity.
- Interviewers may be biased.
Correct Answer(s)

A. The client may intentionally be misleading.
A. They may lack validity.
A. Interviewers may be biased.

Explanation

Clinical interviews have limitations due to various factors. One limitation is that the information obtained during interviews is often vague, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions. Additionally, clients may intentionally mislead interviewers, providing false or incomplete information. This can further hinder the validity of the interview findings. Another limitation is the potential for interviewer bias, where personal beliefs or preconceptions may influence the interpretation of the client's responses. These limitations highlight the need for additional assessment methods to ensure a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the client's situation.

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36.

Standardization is important because...
- It provides detailed data to specify the type of disorder.
- It ensures consistency across different measurements.
- It is always consistent and accurate for treating people.
- It uses norms and normative samples.
Correct Answer(s)

A. It ensures consistency across different measurements.
A. It uses norms and normative samples.

Explanation

Standardization is important because it ensures consistency across different measurements. This means that when using standardized measures, the results obtained can be compared and interpreted reliably. Standardization also involves the use of norms and normative samples, which provide a reference point for evaluating an individual's scores or performance. By using these norms, professionals can assess whether an individual's scores fall within the expected range for their age, gender, or other relevant factors. This helps in diagnosing and treating disorders accurately and consistently.

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37.

Personality inventories compared to projective tests...
- They have objective scoring, and shot time to administer.
- Most are standardized.
- Projective tests are greater validity.
- They have better test-retest reliability.
Correct Answer(s)

A. They have objective scoring, and shot time to administer.
A. Most are standardized.
A. They have better test-retest reliability.

Explanation

Personality inventories are different from projective tests in several ways. Firstly, personality inventories have objective scoring, meaning that the answers are evaluated based on predetermined criteria, while projective tests rely on subjective interpretation by the examiner. Additionally, personality inventories are usually quicker to administer compared to projective tests. Most personality inventories are standardized, which means that they have been tested on a large sample to establish norms and ensure consistency. Lastly, personality inventories tend to have better test-retest reliability, meaning that they produce consistent results when administered to the same individual multiple times.

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38.

Pros of case studies...
- Is that they pave the way for new discoveries.
- Is that they offer a wide range of test subjects, creating a generalized result.
- Is that clinicians can learn more about unusual problems and techniques.
- Is that they support or challenge theories.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Is that they pave the way for new discoveries.
A. Is that clinicians can learn more about unusual problems and techniques.
A. Is that they support or challenge theories.

Explanation

Case studies have several advantages. Firstly, they pave the way for new discoveries by providing in-depth analysis and insights into specific cases, which can lead to the development of new theories or approaches. Secondly, case studies offer a wide range of test subjects, allowing researchers to gather data from diverse sources and generate generalized results. Additionally, case studies enable clinicians to learn more about unusual problems and techniques, expanding their knowledge and expertise. Lastly, case studies support or challenge existing theories by providing empirical evidence that either confirms or contradicts them.

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39.

Matched control participants (experimental participants are matched with the control participants by age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, type of neighborhood, or other characteristics) are used in this type of experiment.
- Blind design
- Quasi-experimental design
- Mixed design
- Double-blind design
Correct Answer(s)

A. Quasi-experimental design
A. Mixed design

Explanation

In this type of experiment, matched control participants are used, meaning that they are selected to have similar characteristics as the experimental participants. This suggests that the experiment is not using a random assignment of participants, which is a characteristic of quasi-experimental design. Additionally, the answer could also be mixed design, as this type of design combines different elements from various experimental designs. However, without more information, it is difficult to determine which design is the most accurate explanation for the given statement.

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40.

___________ is a system used to rate a person's psychological, social, and occupational functioning.

Correct Answer(s)
global assessment of functioning

Explanation
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) is a widely used system that evaluates an individual's overall psychological, social, and occupational functioning. It provides a numerical rating on a scale of 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better functioning. GAF takes into account various factors such as the person's ability to cope with daily life stressors, maintain relationships, and perform tasks at work or school. This assessment tool is commonly used in mental health settings to help clinicians understand the individual's level of functioning and determine appropriate treatment interventions.

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41.

In the context of abnormal psychology, the _______ - stress model posits that psychological disorders result from the interaction between an individual's biological predisposition and environmental stressors.

Correct Answer(s)
diathesis, Diathesis

Explanation
The diathesis-stress model in abnormal psychology explains that psychological disorders are caused by the interplay between an individual's genetic vulnerability (diathesis) and environmental stressors. This model illustrates how an individual with a biological predisposition for a disorder may only develop symptoms when exposed to significant stress, highlighting the importance of both nature and nurture in mental health.

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0
42.

Cons of case studies...
- Is that observers can be biased.
- Is that they rely on subjective evidence.
- Is that they display vague results.
- Is that participants are not truthful.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Is that observers can be biased.
A. Is that they rely on subjective evidence.

Explanation

Case studies have certain disadvantages, such as observers being biased and relying on subjective evidence. This means that the individuals conducting the study may have preconceived notions or personal opinions that can influence their observations and interpretations of the data. Additionally, the reliance on subjective evidence means that the information gathered may be based on personal experiences or beliefs rather than objective facts. These limitations can affect the reliability and validity of the results obtained from case studies.

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43.

In state hospitals, the moral treatment of the mentally ill...
- Cured thousands of people.
- Focused on providing good care.
- Ended because of overcrowded (and filthy) hospitals.
- Was shocking to most people, so it was destroyed.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Focused on providing good care.
A. Ended because of overcrowded (and filthy) hospitals.

Explanation

The moral treatment of the mentally ill in state hospitals focused on providing good care. However, it eventually ended because of overcrowded (and filthy) hospitals.

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44.

Empirically supported treatment is...
- Devoted to helping clinicians become more familiar with research findings.
- Evidence-based treatment.
- Decreasing in popularity throughout the US.
- One of the most effective treatments that is currently offered.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Devoted to helping clinicians become more familiar with research findings.
A. Evidence-based treatment.

Explanation

Empirically supported treatment refers to treatment approaches that have been proven effective through scientific research. It is devoted to helping clinicians become more familiar with research findings, as they are encouraged to use evidence-based treatment methods in their practice. This means that clinicians should rely on treatments that have been shown to be effective through empirical studies rather than relying solely on personal beliefs or anecdotal evidence. By using evidence-based treatment, clinicians can provide the most effective and up-to-date care to their clients.

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45.

The advantages of projective tests are...
- Client's are thought to "project" themselves onto the test.
- They make diagnoses.
- They provide answers to unasked questions needed for a diagnoses.
- They are used as supplementary insights.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Client's are thought to "project" themselves onto the test.
A. They are used as supplementary insights.

Explanation

Projective tests are advantageous because clients are believed to "project" themselves onto the test. This means that their responses to ambiguous stimuli can reveal subconscious thoughts, feelings, and motivations. These tests provide valuable insights into the client's inner world and can help uncover underlying issues that may not be easily accessible through other assessment methods. Additionally, projective tests are used as supplementary tools in the diagnostic process, providing additional information and perspectives to aid in the formulation of a diagnosis.

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46.

Mental status exam measures a client's...
- Awareness, attention span, and memory.
- Orientation with regard to time and place, judgement, and insight.
- Intellectual capacity and ability to retain information.
- Personal history, family history, and current symptoms.
Correct Answer(s)

A. Awareness, attention span, and memory.
A. Orientation with regard to time and place, judgement, and insight.

Explanation

The mental status exam is a diagnostic tool used by healthcare professionals to assess a client's cognitive and emotional functioning. It includes evaluating the client's awareness, attention span, and memory, as well as their orientation with regard to time and place. Additionally, the exam assesses the client's judgement and insight, which can provide valuable information about their decision-making abilities and self-awareness. This comprehensive evaluation helps healthcare professionals gain a better understanding of the client's mental health and can guide treatment planning.

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47.

Asylums were meant to be ________ and __________ places.

Correct Answer(s)
humance and kind
kind and humane

Explanation
The correct answer is "kind and humane." Asylums were intended to provide a compassionate and caring environment for individuals seeking mental health treatment. They were designed to be places where patients could receive support, understanding, and empathy. By being kind and humane, asylums aimed to promote healing and improve the well-being of those seeking help.

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48.

Accurate tests must have reliability and validity.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Reliability and validity are essential characteristics of accurate tests. Reliability refers to the consistency of the test results, meaning the test should produce similar results under consistent conditions. Validity, on the other hand, refers to the extent to which the test measures what it intends to measure. A test can be reliable but not valid, and vice versa. However, for a test to be truly accurate, it must possess both qualities. A reliable and valid test ensures that the results are consistent and meaningful, providing an accurate assessment of the attribute being measured.

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49.

Which of the following is not a symptom of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
- Repetitive actions performed to alleviate anxiety.
- Recurrent obsessions or compulsions that the patient knows are excessive or unreasonable.
- Significant distress or impairment caused by symptoms lasting more than one hour a day.
- Fear of leaving the house.
Correct Answer

A. Fear of leaving the house.

Explanation

OCD symptoms include repetitive actions aimed at reducing anxiety, recurrent obsessions or compulsions recognized as excessive by the patient, and significant distress or impairment from symptoms lasting over an hour daily. Fear of leaving the house is more characteristic of agoraphobia, not OCD.

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Abnormal Psychology Exam 1

Positive psychology was aimed at encouraging positive feelings and behaviors.

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