Semester 2 - Endocrine - Pharyngeal Apparatus

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  • 1/8 Questions

    An ENT surgeon performed tonsillectomy on 17-yearoldboy. The operation was uneventful. After a few weeks the boy complained of the loss of sensation over posterior third of the tongue. Which of the following nerves was damaged during the operation?

    • Lingual nerve
    • Internal laryngeal nerve
    • Glossopharyngeal nerve
    • External laryngeal nerve
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About This Quiz

This quiz focuses on the pharyngeal apparatus in human anatomy, assessing knowledge on skull bone formation, muscle origins, pituitary gland embryology, and nerve functions. It's essential for medical students preparing for clinical applications and understanding developmental anatomy.

Human Anatomy Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    A space of clinical importance present between the buccopharyngeal fascia anteriorly and prevertebral is known as the fascia posteriorly

    • Retropharyngeal space

    • Supraternal space

    • Lateral pharyngeal space

    • Axillary space

    • Masticator space

    Correct Answer
    A. Retropharyngeal space
    Explanation
    The space described in the question is located between the buccopharyngeal fascia anteriorly and the prevertebral fascia posteriorly. This space is known as the retropharyngeal space.

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  • 3. 

    The nerve delivering sensory innervation to the posterior side of the external ear canal is a pretrematic nerve supplying derivatives branch of the cranial of the fourth pharyngeal arch. It is the :

    • Greater petrosal nerve

    • Nerve of the pterygoid canal

    • Auricular nerve(of Arnold)

    • Tympanic nerve(of Jacobson)

    • Deep petrosal nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Auricular nerve(of Arnold)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the auricular nerve (of Arnold). This nerve is responsible for providing sensory innervation to the posterior side of the external ear canal. It is a derivative branch of the cranial nerve of the fourth pharyngeal arch.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the muscles attaching to the styloid process is NOT derived from a pharyngeal arch?

    • Styloglossus

    • Stylopharyngeus

    • Stylohyoid

    • Levatorveli palatine

    • Tensorteli palatini concerning

    Correct Answer
    A. Styloglossus
    Explanation
    The styloglossus muscle is not derived from a pharyngeal arch. The styloglossus muscle is a muscle of the tongue that helps to retract and elevate the tongue. It is derived from the occipital somites, not from a pharyngeal arch. The other muscles mentioned in the question (stylopharyngeus, stylohyoid, levator veli palatine, and tensor veli palatini) are all derived from pharyngeal arches.

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  • 5. 

    A 3O-year-old woman visited her doctor because of a painless swelling on the right side of her neck. A CT scan revealed , a well-defined cystic mass at the angle of the mandible just anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle . The MOST LIKELY diagnosis is.

    • Lateral cervical cyst.

    • Thyroglossal duct cyst.

    • Dermoidcyst

    • Swollen lymph node.

    • Accessory thyroid tissue.

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral cervical cyst.
    Explanation
    The most likely diagnosis in this case is a lateral cervical cyst. The patient's symptoms of a painless swelling on the right side of her neck, along with the CT scan findings of a well-defined cystic mass at the angle of the mandible just anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, are consistent with a lateral cervical cyst. This type of cyst typically occurs in the lateral neck and is often asymptomatic. Thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst, swollen lymph node, and accessory thyroid tissue are less likely diagnoses based on the given information.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following concerning statements the embryology of the pituitary gland is CORRECT?

    • The anterior pituitary is derived from the mesencephalon pouch

    • Rathke's is derived from the posterior pituitary

    • The neurohypophysis is derived from endoderm

    • Oral ectoderm gives rise to the pars nervosa

    • Neuroectoderm gives rise to the neurohypophysis

    Correct Answer
    A. Neuroectoderm gives rise to the neurohypophysis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that neuroectoderm gives rise to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophysis, also known as the posterior pituitary, is derived from neuroectoderm during embryonic development. This is in contrast to the anterior pituitary, which is derived from the oral ectoderm. The neurohypophysis is responsible for the storage and release of hormones produced by the hypothalamus, while the anterior pituitary produces and releases its own hormones.

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following bones of the skull is formed by intramembranous ossification?

    • Ethmoid

    • Sphenoid

    • Base of occipital

    • Parietal

    • Petrous portion of Temporal

    Correct Answer
    A. Parietal
    Explanation
    The parietal bone of the skull is formed by intramembranous ossification. This type of ossification occurs when bone tissue forms directly from mesenchymal cells, without the need for a cartilage precursor. In the case of the parietal bone, the mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which then secrete bone matrix that eventually mineralizes to form mature bone. This process allows for the formation of flat bones, such as the parietal bone, which provide protection and support for the brain.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following statements the embryology of the pituitary gland is CORRECT?

    • The anterior pituitary is derived from the diencephalon pouch is derived from the posterior pituitary

    • Rathke's from endoderm

    • The infundibular stem is derived

    • Oral ectoderm gives rise to the anterior pituitary

    • Neuroectoderm gives rise to the pars tuberalis

    Correct Answer
    A. Oral ectoderm gives rise to the anterior pituitary
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that the oral ectoderm gives rise to the anterior pituitary. This means that during embryonic development, the cells from the oral ectoderm differentiate and form the anterior pituitary gland. This process is known as oral ectodermal placode invagination. The other statements provided in the options are incorrect. The diencephalon pouch is not derived from the posterior pituitary, Rathke's pouch is derived from the ectoderm, the infundibular stem is not derived from the anterior pituitary, and the neuroectoderm gives rise to the pars tuberalis, not the anterior pituitary.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 13, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Rossstudent
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