1````1s051 Volume III Pretest (For Reference Use Only)

When playing racquetball, the only mandatory protection required is eye protection. This is because racquetball involves fast-moving balls that can cause serious eye injuries if they hit the player's face. Therefore, it is important to wear goggles or protective eyewear to prevent any potential harm to the eyes. Head and leg protection are not mandatory, although some players may choose to wear additional protective gear for added safety.

Resistance is a property of a material or component that hinders the flow of electric current. It is a measure of how much a material or component opposes the flow of electricity. When resistance is present in a circuit, it restricts the flow of electrical current, making it more difficult for the current to pass through. This can be caused by factors such as the material's conductivity, its length, and its cross-sectional area. Therefore, the correct answer is "opposes or restricts the flow of electricity."

An electrical outlet must be protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) when it is located within six feet of a sink. This is because water and electricity can be a dangerous combination, and having a GFCI in close proximity to a sink helps to prevent electrical shocks and potential accidents.

Running extension cords through ceiling holes can cause them to become damaged or worn, leading to potential electrical hazards such as short circuits or fires. It is important to avoid running extension cords through any holes or openings in the ceiling to ensure the safety of the electrical system and prevent accidents.

One complete cycle of alternating current (AC) consists of two alternations of current. In the first alternation, the current flows in one direction, and in the second alternation, the current flows in the opposite direction. This pattern repeats continuously in AC circuits, resulting in a sinusoidal waveform.

Transformers are used to change power from one voltage level to another. They work on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a changing current in one coil induces a voltage in another coil. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils determines the voltage transformation. Transformers are commonly used in power transmission and distribution systems to step up or step down voltage levels for efficient transmission and utilization of electrical energy. Capacitors store electrical energy, rectifiers convert AC to DC, and filters remove unwanted noise or harmonics from a signal.

Retraining in lockout/tagout program is necessary when there are no changes in procedures, process, or systems associated with it. According to the given information, retraining must take place at least every year.

The correct answer is that the initial symptoms of poisoning from the fumes of nitric acid are slight but become severe later on. This means that when someone is exposed to the fumes, they may not immediately experience severe symptoms, but over time, the effects of the poisoning worsen. This highlights the hidden danger of nitric acid fumes, as individuals may not realize the severity of their exposure until it is too late.

A preseason inspection of the swimming pool needs to be conducted approximately 30 days prior to opening day. This allows enough time to identify any necessary repairs or maintenance that may be required before the pool is open to the public. Conducting the inspection 90, 60, or 10 days prior to opening day would either be too early or too late to address any issues that may arise.

Grounding is effective when there are no breaks in the grounding path because grounding is a safety measure that provides a direct path for electrical current to flow into the ground, preventing the buildup of excess electrical charge. If there are breaks in the grounding path, the electrical current may not be able to flow properly, leading to the potential for electrical shocks, equipment damage, or even electrical fires. Therefore, a continuous and unbroken grounding path is essential for ensuring the effectiveness of grounding.

The safety staff must evaluate a lockout/tagout program annually to ensure that the requirements of the program are being followed. This evaluation helps to identify any potential issues or non-compliance with the program and allows for necessary adjustments or improvements to be made. Quarterly or semi-annual evaluations may not provide enough time to thoroughly assess the program, while evaluating anytime a system is locked or tagged out may be too frequent and impractical. Therefore, an annual evaluation is the most appropriate timeframe for ensuring compliance and safety.

The flow of electricity can be compared to water running through a pipe because both involve the movement of a substance through a pathway. In the case of electricity, it flows through conductive materials like wires, similar to how water flows through a pipe. This analogy helps to understand concepts such as current, resistance, and voltage in electricity by relating them to the flow of water in a pipe.

Civil engineering personnel are responsible for helping supervisors mark all circuit breaker boxes with the correct voltage. They have the knowledge and expertise in electrical systems and regulations to ensure that the circuit breaker boxes are labeled accurately. Shop personnel may not have the necessary training in electrical systems, while ground safety personnel may focus on other safety aspects. The circuit breaker box manufacturer is responsible for manufacturing the boxes, but not for marking them with the correct voltage.

An electrical cell consists of a positive electrode, negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode is where the oxidation reaction occurs, while the negative electrode is where the reduction reaction occurs. The electrolyte is a substance that allows the flow of ions between the electrodes, completing the circuit and allowing the cell to generate electrical energy. The other options mentioned in the question either do not include all the necessary components or include incorrect components.

The National Electric Code (NEC) is the standard for electrical systems and operations in the Air Force. It provides guidelines and regulations for the safe installation and use of electrical equipment. The NEC is widely recognized and adopted by various organizations, including the military. It ensures that electrical systems in the Air Force meet the necessary safety standards and comply with electrical codes. Therefore, the NEC is the correct answer for where to find the standard for Air Force electrical systems and operations.

Grounding is a safety measure used to control electrical charges by providing a path for the charges to flow safely into the ground. It helps prevent the buildup of static electricity, which can cause sparks and potentially ignite flammable materials. Additionally, grounding also helps to dissipate dynamic electrical charges, such as those created by lightning strikes or power surges, to protect equipment and prevent damage. Therefore, the correct answer is that grounding is used to control both dynamic and static electrical charges.

Liquid oxygen (LOX) presents the physiological danger of freezing human tissue. When in contact with LOX, the extremely low temperature of the liquid can cause severe frostbite and damage to the skin and underlying tissues. This is due to the rapid transfer of heat from the body to the liquid oxygen, causing the tissues to freeze. Therefore, personnel working with LOX need to take precautions to prevent direct contact and ensure proper insulation to avoid injury.

Liquid oxygen (LOX) is stored at a temperature of –297ºF. Oxygen in its liquid form has a very low boiling point, which is why it needs to be kept at such a low temperature to maintain its liquid state. At this temperature, oxygen becomes a highly volatile and flammable substance, so it is important to handle it with extreme caution. Storing it at –297ºF ensures that it remains in a stable and safe state for storage and use.

When ladders are required in trenches, they should be placed so that workers must travel no more than 25 feet in any direction to reach an exit. This is because in the event of an emergency, workers need to be able to quickly and easily access a safe exit point. Placing the ladders within a 25-foot radius ensures that workers can reach safety without having to travel a significant distance, reducing the risk of injury or delay in case of an emergency.

When ladders are used during aerial work, only one person is allowed to ascend or descend the structure at any one time. This is important for safety reasons to prevent overcrowding and to ensure that each person has enough space and stability while using the ladder. Having more than one person on the ladder at a time can increase the risk of accidents and falls.

Bleacher seating must have guardrails if it is at least four feet from the ground. This is to ensure the safety of individuals sitting on the bleachers, preventing them from falling off and potentially getting injured. Guardrails provide a barrier that acts as a protective measure, especially in higher seating areas.

Solvents are substances that can dissolve other substances, and most solvents are organic compounds. Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon atoms. Carbon is a versatile element that can form strong covalent bonds with other elements, allowing it to create a wide variety of organic compounds. Therefore, the presence of carbon in solvents is what makes them organic.

Self-propelled construction equipment must be equipped with first-aid kits, fire extinguishers, and emergency lights. This is because these items are essential for ensuring the safety of the operators and others on the construction site. First-aid kits are necessary to provide immediate medical assistance in case of injuries. Fire extinguishers are important to quickly extinguish any fires that may occur. Emergency lights are crucial for visibility and to alert others of potential hazards. Therefore, these items are necessary for the safe operation of self-propelled construction equipment.

Portable electric equipment is difficult to maintain an effective ground because it is constantly being moved around. This constant movement increases the risk of the equipment becoming disconnected or the grounding prong on the plug being damaged or removed. Without a proper ground, there is an increased risk of electrical shock or other electrical hazards.

Oxidizers are chemicals that have the ability to react vigorously with carbon-containing substances at room temperature, leading to fires or explosions. They have a strong oxidizing agent that can cause combustion by providing oxygen to the reaction. Acids, bases, and caustics do not necessarily have this oxidizing property, and therefore, are less likely to cause fires or explosions when reacting with carbon-containing substances.

Meat hooks should be stored in containers or on racks when not in use to maintain cleanliness and prevent contamination. Storing them in areas away from the meat market ensures that they are kept separate from the meat and reduces the risk of cross-contamination. Individual sheaths may not provide adequate protection and can still result in contact with other surfaces. Meat coolers may not be suitable for storing hooks as they are meant for storing meat at specific temperatures. Therefore, containers or racks are the most suitable options for storing meat hooks.

The correct answer is 6 strands with 19 wires because regular hoisting rope typically consists of multiple strands twisted together. In this case, there are 6 strands, and each strand is made up of 19 wires. This configuration provides strength and durability to the rope, making it suitable for hoisting heavy loads.

Workers in the pots and pans area should be provided with a waterproof apron and rubber gloves. This is because working with pots and pans involves handling hot liquids and food, which can cause burns or scalds. A waterproof apron will protect the worker's clothing from getting wet and stained, while rubber gloves will provide a barrier against heat and potential chemical exposure. Waterproof shoes are not necessary in this specific scenario as they do not directly contribute to the protection of the worker's hands and body.

A storage cell is a type of electrical cell that can be restored to a charged condition by passing an electrical current through the cell in the opposite direction of the discharging current. Unlike primary cells, which are disposable and cannot be recharged, storage cells are designed to be recharged and used multiple times. Therefore, a storage cell is the correct answer to the question.

Vaulted (self-diking) fuel storage tanks can be located next to buildings because they are designed with a secondary containment system that prevents spills or leaks from reaching the surrounding area. The vaulted design includes a built-in dike or barrier that surrounds the tank, effectively containing any potential fuel spills or leaks. This makes it a safe option for placement near buildings, as it minimizes the risk of fire or environmental damage.

The handling of caustic solutions in liquid oxygen (LOX) plant operations can be hazardous and requires proper protective measures. Rubber gloves are necessary to protect the hands from direct contact with the caustic solution. Aprons are needed to protect the body from splashes or spills. Face shields or chemical goggles are essential to shield the face and eyes from potential splashes or fumes. This combination of protective gear ensures the safety of the workers while handling caustic solutions in LOX plant operations.

The correct answer is "approved by the site supervisor." This means that a fire or open flame device can only be used during construction activities if it has been given permission by the person in charge of overseeing the site. This ensures that the use of such devices is regulated and monitored to prevent any potential hazards or accidents.

The main disadvantage of using a mobile hydraulic crane is that the cab is stationary. This means that the operator does not have the flexibility to move the cab along with the crane, limiting their visibility and ability to position the crane effectively. This can make it more difficult for the operator to accurately maneuver the crane and safely lift and transport heavy loads.

The spike-tooth harrow is most likely used to smooth soil on a softball field. This type of harrow consists of multiple rows of sharp, pointed teeth that penetrate the soil and break up clumps, creating a smoother surface. The spikes help to level the soil and remove any debris, making it ideal for maintaining a well-groomed playing field. Disk harrows are better suited for breaking up larger clumps of soil, while spring-tooth and multiple use harrows have different purposes and may not be as effective for smoothing soil on a softball field.

Plows are used to break up unimproved ground. Plows are agricultural tools that are designed to turn over the soil, breaking it up and preparing it for planting. They are commonly used in farming to loosen the soil and create furrows for planting seeds or crops. Disk harrows and multiple use harrows are also used in farming, but they are not specifically designed to break up unimproved ground like plows are. Hammer harrows, on the other hand, are not commonly used for breaking up unimproved ground.

The purpose of placing bonding wire between two metal objects is to equalize static charges that may be generated. This helps to prevent the buildup of static electricity and ensures that the charges are evenly distributed between the objects. By equalizing the static charges, the bonding wire helps to minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge and potential damage to sensitive electronic equipment.

Proper handling of hydrocarbon fuels ensures that they are not spilled in the same area as propellant oxidizers. Propellant oxidizers are substances used in rockets and missiles to provide oxygen for the combustion of the fuel. Mixing hydrocarbon fuels with propellant oxidizers can lead to a highly combustible and dangerous situation. Therefore, it is crucial to handle these substances separately to prevent any accidents or explosions.

Tagout devices used with energy isolating (lockout) devices should be attached at the same point as the lock. This ensures that the tagout device is clearly visible and easily accessible to anyone who needs to perform maintenance or repairs on the machinery. By attaching the tagout device at the same point as the lock, it helps to prevent accidental energization of the machinery while work is being done.

If a worker spills hydrocarbon fuels on the skin, it can cause cracked skin, severe burns, or blood poisoning. Hydrocarbon fuels are highly flammable and can be corrosive to the skin. They can cause the skin to crack, leading to severe burns. Additionally, if the fuels are absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin, they can cause blood poisoning, which can be life-threatening. It is important to handle hydrocarbon fuels with caution and take appropriate safety measures to prevent such accidents.

The objective of the AF Hazardous Materials Management Process (HMMP) program is to minimize dependency on hazardous materials. This means that the program aims to reduce the reliance on hazardous materials in order to decrease the potential risks and negative impacts associated with their use. By minimizing dependency, the program can promote safer and more sustainable practices in the handling, storage, and usage of hazardous materials.

Gasoline is typically stored in underground fuel storage tanks at base service stations. This is because underground tanks provide several advantages, including protection against fire hazards, reduced risk of fuel contamination, and preservation of space above ground. Additionally, underground tanks are less prone to temperature fluctuations, which helps maintain the quality and stability of the gasoline. Therefore, underground fuel storage tanks are the most suitable option for storing gasoline at base service stations.

A worker must wait for 30 minutes after receiving fuel to manually gauge or measure a fuel tank. This waiting period ensures that any fuel vapors or fumes have dissipated, reducing the risk of fire or explosion when performing the measurement.

The correct answer is 10 gallons. This limit is imposed in test laboratories to ensure safety and prevent the risk of accidents or fires. By limiting the quantity of fuel to 10 gallons, the potential hazards associated with storing and handling a larger amount of fuel are minimized. This restriction helps maintain a controlled and safe environment in the laboratory.

A cryogenic liquid oxygen (LOX) storage tank of more than 100 gallons must be at least 75 feet from aircraft parking areas. This is because LOX is highly flammable and can cause explosions if it comes into contact with certain materials, such as fuels or other flammable gases. Therefore, it is important to keep the LOX storage tank at a safe distance from areas where aircraft are parked to minimize the risk of accidents or fires.

When lifting loads with heavy equipment, it is important for the operator to avoid raising any load that causes the tracks of the equipment to leave the ground. This is because when the tracks of the equipment leave the ground, it can lead to instability and potential accidents. Keeping the equipment grounded ensures better control and stability while lifting heavy loads, reducing the risk of accidents and ensuring the safety of the operator and those around.

Stacks of lumber at construction sites should not be higher than six feet, except in established storage areas. This is because taller stacks can pose safety hazards, such as the risk of the stack toppling over or materials falling and causing injuries. By limiting the height to six feet, it helps to ensure the stability and safety of the lumber stacks, reducing the likelihood of accidents or damage.

The mobile hydraulic crane is considered the Air Force "workhorse" because it is a versatile and powerful crane that can be easily transported and used in various locations. It is equipped with hydraulic systems that provide smooth and precise movements, making it suitable for a wide range of lifting and loading tasks. Its mobility and flexibility make it an essential tool for the Air Force in carrying out their operations efficiently.

The steel wheel roller is best suited for finishing rolling flexible pavements and subgrades. This type of roller has a smooth steel drum that provides uniform compaction and a smooth finish to the surface. It is able to apply the necessary pressure to compact the materials effectively without causing damage. The steel wheel roller is commonly used in road construction and maintenance projects to achieve a durable and well-compacted pavement surface.

Excavations in loose dirt must be braced and shored if they are more than four feet deep. This is because loose dirt is unstable and prone to collapse, which can lead to serious injuries or even fatalities. Bracing and shoring provide support and prevent the sides of the excavation from caving in, ensuring the safety of workers inside. Therefore, it is necessary to take these precautions when the depth exceeds four feet.

Toeboards placed on scaffolds must be at least four inches high. This height is necessary to prevent tools, materials, or debris from falling off the scaffold and causing potential hazards to workers or people below. A two-inch height would not provide sufficient protection, while six or eight inches would be excessive and potentially make it more difficult for workers to access the scaffold. Therefore, four inches is the appropriate height for toeboards on scaffolds.