What Is Psychology? (Ch 1,2)

2.

Who wrote the first modern psychology textbook?

John B. Watson
Wilhelm Wundt
B.F. Skinner
William James

Correct Answer

A. William James

Explanation

William James is considered to have written the first modern psychology textbook. He published "The Principles of Psychology" in 1890, which became a seminal work in the field. James was an American psychologist and philosopher who made significant contributions to the development of psychology as a scientific discipline. His textbook provided a comprehensive overview of various psychological topics and theories, and it played a crucial role in establishing psychology as a distinct field of study.

Rate this question:

1

3.

Who founded structuralism?

Wilhelm Wundt
John B. Watson
William James
Max Wertheimer

Correct Answer

A. Wilhelm Wundt

Explanation

Wilhelm Wundt is the correct answer because he is considered the founder of structuralism. He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879, where he conducted experiments and observations to study the structure of the human mind. Wundt believed that by analyzing the basic elements of consciousness, such as sensations and feelings, one could understand the overall structure of the mind. His approach laid the foundation for the development of structuralism as a psychological school of thought.

Rate this question:

1

4.

Which philosopher outlined the laws of associationism?

B.F. Skinner
John B. Watson
Aristotle
Sigmund Frued

Correct Answer

A. Aristotle

Explanation

Aristotle is the correct answer because he was the philosopher who outlined the laws of associationism. Associationism is a psychological theory that suggests that our thoughts and behaviors are formed through the association of ideas and experiences. Aristotle believed that our minds naturally associate ideas and that this association is the basis for learning and memory. He outlined these laws of association in his work, "De Memoria et Reminiscentia" (On Memory and Reminiscence).

Rate this question:

1

5.

Who introduced the concept of reinforcement?

Hippocrates
Aristotle
William James
B.F. Skinner

Correct Answer

A. B.F. Skinner

Explanation

B.F. Skinner introduced the concept of reinforcement. Skinner was a psychologist and behaviorist who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which focuses on how behaviors are influenced by their consequences. He believed that reinforcement, either positive or negative, is a powerful tool in shaping and controlling behavior. Skinner conducted numerous experiments with animals and humans to support his theory and demonstrated that reinforcement can be used to increase the likelihood of a desired behavior occurring again in the future. His work had a significant impact on the field of psychology and continues to be influential today.

Rate this question:

1

6.

Who founded the school of behaviorism?

John B. Watson
Plato
Nicolaus Copernicus
Wilhelm Wundt

Correct Answer

A. John B. Watson

Explanation

John B. Watson is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the founder of the school of behaviorism. Behaviorism is a psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment in shaping behavior. Watson's famous "Little Albert" experiment, in which he conditioned a young child to fear a white rat, is a classic example of behaviorist principles. His work laid the foundation for the behaviorist movement and had a significant impact on the field of psychology.

Rate this question:

2

7.

Who founded psychoanalysis?

John Locke
Issac Newton
Sigmund Frued
Kurt Koffka

Correct Answer

A. Sigmund Frued

Explanation

Sigmund Freud is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the founder of psychoanalysis. He developed this field of study in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, revolutionizing the understanding of the human mind and behavior. Freud's theories, such as the unconscious mind, the role of dreams, and the importance of early childhood experiences, have had a significant impact on psychology and continue to be influential today.

Rate this question:

1

8.

What is the school of psychology that looks at the basic elements of conscious experience?

Behavorism
Psychodynamic thinking
Gestalt psychology
Structuralism

Correct Answer

A. Structuralism

Explanation

Structuralism is the school of psychology that focuses on analyzing the basic elements of conscious experience. It emphasizes the study of the structure of the mind and the identification of its fundamental components. Structuralists believe that by breaking down conscious experiences into their basic elements, a deeper understanding of the mind can be achieved. This approach was pioneered by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers, who used introspection as a method to study the structure of the mind.

Rate this question:

9.

What type of psychologist is trained to evaluate psychological problems through the use of interviews and psychological testing?

Clinical psychologist
Educational psychologist
Conseling psychologist
Developmental psychologist

Correct Answer

A. Clinical psychologist

Explanation

Clinical psychologists are trained to evaluate psychological problems through the use of interviews and psychological testing. They have expertise in diagnosing and treating mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. They work with individuals of all ages and backgrounds, using various assessment tools and techniques to understand and address their clients' psychological issues. Clinical psychologists often work in healthcare settings, private practices, or academic institutions, providing therapy, conducting research, and offering guidance to individuals seeking help for their psychological concerns.

Rate this question:

1

10.

What is a prediction or assumpition about behavior that is tested through scientific research?

Placebo
Hypothesis
Hypnosis
Motivation

Correct Answer

A. Hypothesis

Explanation

A hypothesis is a prediction or assumption about behavior that is tested through scientific research. It is a statement that can be tested and potentially proven or disproven through experimentation or observation. In the context of scientific research, a hypothesis serves as a tentative explanation for a phenomenon or a relationship between variables. It helps guide the research process and allows scientists to systematically investigate and gather evidence to support or refute the hypothesis.

Rate this question:

1

11.

What is an inert substance used in controlled experiments to test the effectiveness of another substance?

Placebo
Psychiatrist
Basic research
Forensic

Correct Answer

A. Placebo

Explanation

A placebo is an inert substance used in controlled experiments to test the effectiveness of another substance. It is often given to a control group, who believes they are receiving the active substance, but in reality, they are receiving a harmless substance with no therapeutic effect. This allows researchers to compare the effects of the active substance with the effects of the placebo, helping to determine the true effectiveness of the active substance. Placebos are commonly used in medical and psychological research to account for the placebo effect, where a person's belief in a treatment can influence their response to it.

Rate this question:

12.

What type of psychologist is concerned with helping students learn?

Counseling Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Educational Psychology
Developemental Psychology

Correct Answer

A. Educational Psychology

Explanation

Educational psychology is the correct answer because this branch of psychology focuses on understanding how students learn and develop in educational settings. Educational psychologists study various factors that influence learning, such as cognitive processes, motivation, and instructional strategies. They also work with teachers, parents, and administrators to improve educational practices and create supportive learning environments.

Rate this question:

What Is Psychology? (Ch 1,2)

What is an action that can be observed or measured?

Quiz Preview

Who wrote the first modern psychology textbook?

Who founded structuralism?

Which philosopher outlined the laws of associationism?

Who introduced the concept of reinforcement?

Who founded the school of behaviorism?

Who founded psychoanalysis?

What is the school of psychology that looks at the basic elements of conscious experience?

What type of psychologist is trained to evaluate psychological problems through the use of interviews and psychological testing?

What is a prediction or assumpition about behavior that is tested through scientific research?

What is an inert substance used in controlled experiments to test the effectiveness of another substance?

What type of psychologist is concerned with helping students learn?