Sulfonamides Quiz Questions With Answers

Ans. C

Sulphonamide is structurally and chemically related to PABA (Para-aminobenzoic acid). PABA is a component of folic acid, which is essential for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in bacteria. Sulphonamides are antimicrobial agents that work by interfering with the bacterial synthesis of folic acid, leading to the inhibition of bacterial growth and the treatment of bacterial infections. GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is not directly related to sulphonamides.

Silver sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide that is used topically. It is commonly used as a topical cream in the treatment of burn wounds and certain skin infections. The silver component of the compound has antimicrobial properties, and the sulfadiazine component helps prevent or treat bacterial infections in the affected areas.

Folic acid is a vitamin. It is a B-vitamin, specifically known as vitamin B9. Folic acid plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including the production of red blood cells and the synthesis and repair of DNA. Adequate folic acid intake is particularly important during pregnancy to prevent certain birth defects and support fetal development.

ANSWER=C.

Trimethoprim acts by inhibiting the DHFR (Dihydrofolate Reductase enzyme in bacteria. This enzyme is involved in the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF), which is essential for the production of nucleic acids and amino acids in bacteria. By inhibiting DHFR, trimethoprim disrupts bacterial metabolism and growth, ultimately leading to the inhibition of bacterial reproduction and the treatment of bacterial infections.

Sulfadiazine is an example of an antibiotic. It is a synthetic compound belonging to the class of drugs known as sulfonamides. Sulfadiazine is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections and is particularly effective against urinary tract infections, certain types of pneumonia, and other bacterial conditions. It works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and is often used in combination with other antibiotics for more effective treatment.

Co-trimoxazole, belonging to the sulfonamide class, combines trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Its mechanism involves halting bacterial growth.

Sulfonamides act by inhibiting the bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase (DPS) in the folic acid pathway, disrupting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis. By substituting for PABA, they hinder its conversion to dihydrofolic acid. This action, on its own, is recognized as bacteriostatic.

ANSWER=D