Surgical Technology Examination Appleton & Lange Pg134-150 CST Exam Prep

Kidney stones are sent to the lab in a dry state because it allows for better preservation and analysis of the stone. Keeping the stone dry prevents any potential contamination or degradation that could occur if it were stored in a liquid medium like saline or water. Additionally, storing the stones in a dry state allows for easier handling and transportation without the risk of spillage or leakage. Formalin, a solution containing formaldehyde, is typically used for preserving tissues rather than kidney stones.

Orchiopexy refers to the surgical procedure of fixing a testicle in its proper position within the scrotum. This procedure is typically performed to treat cryptorchidism, a condition where one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum. By surgically securing the testicle in its correct position, orchiopexy helps to prevent complications such as infertility, testicular torsion, and testicular cancer.

A hydrocele refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the scrotum. This condition occurs when there is a buildup of fluid in the sac surrounding the testicles. It can lead to swelling and discomfort in the scrotum. Enterocele, varicocele, and hydronephrosis are not related to fluid accumulation in the scrotum and therefore are not the correct answers.

A penile implant is a medical procedure used to treat organic sexual impotence. It involves surgically inserting a device into the penis to enable an erection. This procedure is typically recommended when other treatments, such as medication or therapy, have not been successful. By implanting a penile prosthesis, the patient can achieve an erection and engage in sexual activity. Spermatocelectomy, varicocelectomy, and testicular implant are not relevant to treating organic sexual impotence.

Vasovasostomy is the correct answer because it refers to the microscopic reversal of the male sterilization procedure, specifically the reconnection of the vas deferens that was previously cut or blocked during a vasectomy. This procedure allows for the restoration of sperm flow and the potential for fertility to be regained. Spermatogen, orchiopexy, and vasectomy are not accurate terms for the reversal procedure.

A Tru-cut needle is commonly used for a needle biopsy of the prostate. This type of needle has a cutting edge that allows for the collection of tissue samples from the prostate gland. It is specifically designed for biopsy procedures, providing a more accurate and efficient way to obtain tissue samples compared to other needle options such as a butterfly needle or angiocatheter. The taper needle is not typically used for prostate biopsies.

Continuous irrigation following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is necessary to prevent blood clot formation and ensure adequate drainage. The 30-cc three-way Foley catheter is the correct choice because it allows for continuous irrigation of the bladder. The three-way catheter has an extra lumen that is used to inflate a balloon to hold the catheter in place, while the other lumen is used for drainage. The 30-cc balloon size ensures secure placement, and the continuous irrigation helps maintain a clear bladder and prevent clot formation.

A lumbar or simple flank incision for ureter or kidney surgery may include removal of the 11th and 12th ribs. These ribs are located in the lower back region, and their removal allows for better access to the ureter or kidney during the surgical procedure.

The Stamey procedure is an endoscopic procedure used to treat stress incontinence. It involves the placement of sutures to support the urethra and bladder neck, which helps to prevent urine leakage during activities that put pressure on the bladder. This procedure is commonly used for women with stress urinary incontinence, a condition where physical stress or pressure on the bladder causes urine leakage. The Y-V-plasty, stent procedure, and colocystoplasty are not specifically used for treating stress incontinence, making them incorrect choices.

During a transurethral prostatectomy, various solutions are used to irrigate the surgical area and maintain visibility. Normal saline is not used during this procedure because it does not provide the necessary electrolytes and osmolarity to maintain the balance of fluids and prevent complications. Instead, solutions like sorbitol, mannitol, and glycine are commonly used due to their specific properties that aid in tissue visualization, prevent fluid absorption, and maintain the necessary pH levels.

A Pereyra procedure is a surgical technique used to treat stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is a condition in which there is involuntary leakage of urine during activities that put pressure on the bladder, such as coughing, sneezing, or exercising. The Pereyra procedure aims to provide support to the urethra and bladder neck to prevent urine leakage. This procedure is not performed for chronic bladder infection, drainage of the bladder, or impotence.

A percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a procedure used to remove kidney stones. It involves making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope, which is a flexible tube with a camera and light at the end, to visualize and remove the stones. A lithotriptor is a device used to break up the stones into smaller pieces. However, a lithotriptor tub is not used in this procedure. Therefore, the correct answer is "lithotriptor tub."

The MAGPI procedure corrects chordee, which is a condition where the penis curves downwards or upwards due to a tight band of tissue on the underside. The MAGPI procedure involves making an incision in the urethral opening and releasing the tension in the tissue, allowing the penis to straighten. This procedure is commonly performed to correct chordee in children with hypospadias, a condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis.

Chordee refers to the condition where the male penis is curved ventrally, with the meatus (the opening of the urethra) and the glans (the head of the penis) being close to each other. This condition can cause difficulty in achieving or maintaining an erection, as well as problems with sexual intercourse. It is often associated with other conditions such as hypospadias, where the urethral opening is not at the tip of the penis. Treatment for chordee may involve surgical correction to straighten the penis.

A suprapubic prostatectomy is a surgical procedure in which the prostate gland is removed through an incision made in the lower abdomen, just above the pubic bone. This procedure allows direct access to the prostate gland by going through the bladder. It is different from a retropubic prostatectomy, which involves making an incision in the lower abdomen, between the navel and pubic bone, and going behind the pubic bone to remove the prostate gland. A transurethral prostatectomy, on the other hand, is a minimally invasive procedure in which the prostate gland is removed through the urethra using a special instrument. A suprapubic cystostomy is a different procedure altogether, involving the creation of a surgical opening in the bladder to drain urine.

When the prostate gland is removed through an abdominal incision into the anterior prostatic capsule, it is called a retropubic prostatectomy. This procedure involves accessing the prostate gland through an incision in the lower abdomen, between the pubic bone and the navel. The surgeon then removes the prostate gland through this incision. This approach allows for better visualization and access to the prostate gland, making it a commonly used technique for prostate removal.

A pyelostomy is a temporary diversion of urinary drainage by means of an external catheter that drains the renal pelvis. This procedure is used when there is a blockage or obstruction in the ureter that prevents urine from flowing normally. By creating a pyelostomy, urine can bypass the obstruction and be drained directly from the renal pelvis, allowing for temporary relief and preventing damage to the kidneys.

A cystostomy is a procedure in which a surgical opening is created in the bladder to divert urine away from the urethral vaginal area. This can be done for various reasons, such as urinary incontinence or to relieve urinary obstruction. It involves inserting a catheter through the abdominal wall into the bladder to allow urine to drain directly from the bladder. This helps to bypass any issues with the urethra and prevent urine from flowing into the vaginal area.