Review Of Phamacology In Pt

Explanation
Alendronate (Fosamax) is a biphonates that is used as an anti-osteoporosis medication

Explanation
Dantrium is the only muscle relaxant listed that is used specifically for chronic spasticity. Another reason for choosing this answer, diantrium has adverse side effects of active toxic hepatisis and muscle weakness.
Baclofen and Zanaflex are also muscle relaxants used for spasticity. Norflex is a muscle relaxant used for spasms. And methotrexate is an anti-rheumatic medication.

Explanation
Flexeril is a muscle relaxant commonly used to treat local, acute spasms. It is important to note that when taken with MAOI's (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors), it can result in a hypertensive crisis. Other common side effects of Flexeril include tachycardia (rapid heart rate), dry mouth, and blurry vision. However, fluid retention and edema are not typically associated with the use of Flexeril.

Explanation
Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication commonly used to treat inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is known to have several side effects, including an increased risk of infection due to its immunosuppressant effects, cataracts, hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels), and myopathy (muscle weakness). However, esophageal lesions are not typically associated with prednisone use. These lesions are more commonly seen in conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or chronic acid reflux.

Explanation
Demerol is the most likely medication that was administered because it is an opioid drug commonly used to relieve severe pain. It is known to have adverse effects such as twitching, tremors, and seizures, which the doctor warned the patient about. Codeine, Vicoden, Tylenol, and Fentanyl are also opioids, but Demerol is specifically associated with these adverse effects.

Explanation
Benazepril is not considered an anti-hypertensive medication because it belongs to a different class of drugs called ACE inhibitors. ACE inhibitors like benazepril work by blocking the action of an enzyme that causes blood vessels to narrow, thereby reducing blood pressure. On the other hand, medications like Bumex, Norvasc, prazosin, and methyldopa are all commonly used as anti-hypertensive medications. Bumex is a loop diuretic that helps remove excess fluid and salt from the body, Norvasc is a calcium channel blocker that relaxes and widens blood vessels, prazosin is an alpha-blocker that relaxes blood vessels, and methyldopa is a centrally acting alpha-agonist that reduces nerve signals that narrow blood vessels.

Explanation
Verapamil is a medication that belongs to the calcium channel blocker class of drugs. It is known to cause digoxin toxicity, flushing headaches, ankle swelling, and reflex tachycardia. When taken with a beta-blocker, it can cause cardiac depression and AV block. Therefore, Verapamil is the medication that can cause these symptoms and interactions.

Explanation
Sublingual nitroglycerin is a medication that causes peripheral vasodilation, meaning it widens the blood vessels in the body. This causes blood to pool in the legs, reducing the amount of blood returning to the heart and ultimately decreasing the workload on the heart. As a result, the heart's demand for oxygen is reduced. This effect makes sublingual nitroglycerin useful in treating conditions such as angina, where the heart is not receiving enough oxygen.