Reproductive Drugs

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  • 1/64 Questions

    True or False?  Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue that normally lines the uterus (endometrium) grows in other areas of the body (pelvic cavity), causing pain, irregular bleeding, and possible infertility.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This quiz includes material from lecture and speaker notes as well as questions from ATI and the posted Reproduction Powerpoint questions.

Pharmacology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    True or False.  Estrogen may be used to maintain bone mass in postmenopausal clients.  Estrogen must be d/ced if client shows signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis or cardiac complications.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Estrogen may be used to maintain bone mass in postmenopausal clients. However, if a client shows signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis or cardiac complications, estrogen must be discontinued.

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  • 3. 

    Corticosteriods (prostaglandin inhibitors) in preterm labor are used tohelp promote fetal lung development/maturation/surfactant. True or False

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Corticosteroids, which are prostaglandin inhibitors, are indeed used in preterm labor to promote fetal lung development, maturation, and surfactant production. These medications help to enhance the production of surfactant, a substance that coats the inside of the lungs and prevents the air sacs from collapsing. This is crucial for the proper functioning of the lungs and helps to reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in premature babies. Therefore, the statement "Corticosteroids (prostaglandin inhibitors) in preterm labor are used to help promote fetal lung development/maturation/surfactant" is true.

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  • 4. 

    Sildenafil (Viagra) is used for?

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    • Treatment of erectile dysfunction

    • Contraindicated for athletic performance

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    Correct Answer
    A. Treatment of erectile dysfunction
    Explanation
    Sildenafil (Viagra) is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction is a condition where a man is unable to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Sildenafil works by increasing blood flow to the penis, helping to achieve and maintain an erection. It is a commonly prescribed medication for this condition and has been proven to be effective in many cases.

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  • 5. 

    True or False.  Estrogen - Progestin is a combination of ethinyl estrodiol and synthetic progesterone.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Estrogen - Progestin is indeed a combination of ethinyl estradiol and synthetic progesterone. Ethinyl estradiol is a synthetic form of estrogen, while synthetic progesterone, also known as progestin, is a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone. Together, they are commonly used in hormonal contraceptives to mimic the natural hormonal fluctuations in a woman's menstrual cycle and prevent pregnancy.

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  • 6. 

    Tocolytics: Magnesium Sulfate.  At a Mag level of 8-10 you would see blurred vision, double vision and lethargy.  Also the deep tendon relfexes are depressed or absent,

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    At a magnesium level of 8-10, it is expected to see symptoms such as blurred vision, double vision, and lethargy. Additionally, the deep tendon reflexes may be depressed or absent. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 7. 

    Prostaglandin gel is used to induce labor in cases in which there is second or third trimester fetal demise.  They stimulate smooth muscle and cause the uterine to contract.  Prostaglandin gel has no analgesic, antianxiety nor antibiotic effects.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Prostaglandin gel is indeed used to induce labor in cases of second or third trimester fetal demise. It works by stimulating smooth muscle and causing the uterus to contract. However, it does not have any analgesic, antianxiety, or antibiotic effects. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 8. 

    A nurse is providing teaching to a client receiving tamoxifen (Novadex) for breast cancer prevention.  Which of the following statements indicates the client has understood the teaching?

    • I may experience hot flashes

    • I will be so excited when I finally get pregnant

    • I should be sure to drink plenty of milk

    • I will eat a diet high in fat to prevent weight loss

    Correct Answer
    A. I may experience hot flashes
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "I may experience hot flashes." This statement indicates that the client understands that hot flashes are a common side effect of taking tamoxifen. This shows that the client has grasped the information provided by the nurse about the potential side effects of the medication.

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  • 9. 

    A college student comes into the health clinic to renew her prescription for oral contraceptives.  While she is there, she reports a sore throat and fever for 2 days.  A throat culture for streptococcus is positive and she is placed on ampicillin and her oral contraceptives prescription is refilled.  The nurse should tell the patient what about the birth control....

    • Tell the patient to drink plenty of water.

    • Tell the patient to take ampicillin 500mg four times a day for 10 days.

    • Tell the patient that taking the ampicillin and oral contraceptive together will decrease the effectivieness.

    • Tell the patient to get plenty of rest.

    Correct Answer
    A. Tell the patient that taking the ampicillin and oral contraceptive together will decrease the effectivieness.
    Explanation
    Taking ampicillin and oral contraceptives together can decrease the effectiveness of the birth control. This is because ampicillin can interfere with the metabolism of the hormones in the oral contraceptives, potentially reducing their contraceptive effect. It is important for the patient to be aware of this interaction and to consider using an alternative or additional form of contraception while taking ampicillin.

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  • 10. 

    Estrogen - Progestin Combination.  What Drugs are Triphasic bc?

    • Lo/Ovral

    • Ortho-Novum

    • Norinyl

    • Ortho Tri-cyclen

    • Loestrin

    Correct Answer
    A. Ortho Tri-cyclen
    Explanation
    Ortho Tri-cyclen is a triphasic birth control pill. Triphasic birth control pills contain varying levels of hormones throughout the menstrual cycle. Ortho Tri-cyclen is designed to mimic the natural hormonal changes in a woman's body during her menstrual cycle. It contains three different phases of pills, each with a different level of hormones. This triphasic approach helps to provide better cycle control and reduce side effects compared to monophasic birth control pills. Therefore, Ortho Tri-cyclen is the correct answer to the question.

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  • 11. 

    Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is used for?

    • Relief of postmenopausal symptoms

    • Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    • Contraception

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    Correct Answer
    A. Breast cancer prevention and treatment
    Explanation
    Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is used for breast cancer prevention and treatment. It is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Tamoxifen works by blocking the effects of estrogen in breast tissue, which can help prevent the growth of breast cancer cells. It is commonly used in both the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, particularly in women who have a high risk of developing the disease.

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  • 12. 

    True or False?  During Postmenopause the ovaries lose ability to secrete estrogen.  Estrone is then formed in the Brain, Liver, Kidney and Adipose tissue and becomes the main source of estrogen.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    During postmenopause, the ovaries do indeed lose the ability to secrete estrogen. However, estrone, a weaker form of estrogen, is still produced in the brain, liver, kidney, and adipose tissue. As a result, estrone becomes the primary source of estrogen in the body during this stage.

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  • 13. 

    Tocolytics.  Nifedipine is not FDA approved for preterm labor.  Nifedipine works to inhibit the transmembranous influx of Ca ions.  This factor inhibits the contractile process of uterine smooth muscle?  What group of Tocolytics does Nifedipine belong to?

    • Beta2 Agonists

    • Magnesium Sulfates

    • Calcium Channel Blockers

    • NSAIDS

    Correct Answer
    A. Calcium Channel Blockers
    Explanation
    Nifedipine belongs to the group of tocolytics called Calcium Channel Blockers. It works by inhibiting the transmembranous influx of Ca ions, which in turn inhibits the contractile process of uterine smooth muscle. Although it is not FDA approved for preterm labor, it is still used off-label in some cases.

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  • 14. 

    Terbutaline (brethine) is indicated in preterm labor to

    • Stop uterine contractions

    • Prevent bleeding

    • Promote placental blood flow

    • Increase prostaglandin production

    Correct Answer
    A. Stop uterine contractions
    Explanation
    Terbutaline (brethine) is indicated in preterm labor to stop uterine contractions. This medication is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that relaxes the smooth muscles of the uterus, thereby inhibiting contractions. By stopping uterine contractions, terbutaline helps prevent preterm birth and allows for further development of the fetus. It does not prevent bleeding, promote placental blood flow, or increase prostaglandin production.

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  • 15. 

    Estrogen - Progesterone Combination.   What is true of Triphasic bc?

    • Estrogen is fixed throughout and progesterone varies

    • Is a fixed ratio of estrogen to progestin throughout menstrual cycle

    • Estrogen and progesterone varies throughout cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. Estrogen and progesterone varies throughout cycle
    Explanation
    Triphasic birth control (bc) refers to a type of birth control pill that contains varying levels of estrogen and progesterone throughout the menstrual cycle. This means that the amount of estrogen and progesterone in each pill may change over time. By having different hormone levels in different phases of the cycle, triphasic bc aims to mimic the natural hormonal fluctuations that occur in a woman's body. This can help to provide more effective contraception and may also help to reduce certain side effects that can be associated with birth control pills.

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  • 16. 

     A client who is at 27 weeks gestation with spontaneously ruptured membranes and no contractions is admitted to the preterm labor unit.  Which of the following medications will the nurse most likely administer to promote fetal lung maturation.

    • Betamethasone

    • Prostaglandin gel

    • Magnesium sulfate

    • Ritodrine

    Correct Answer
    A. Betamethasone
    Explanation
    Rationale: Betamethasone is a corticosteriod that is given in two doses to help fetal lung maturity for 26-32 week gestation fetuses. These doses are given 24 hours apart, so labor must be delayed for this medication to work. Prostaglandin is used for induction, Mag sulfate is used to stop labor, and ritodrine is used to stop labor.

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  • 17. 

    Estrogen- Progestin Combination.  Mark all that apply to Monophasic bc.

    • Estrogen and Progesterone varies throughout cycle

    • Estrogen and progestin have a fixed ratio throughout menstrual cycle

    • Estrogen is fixed and progesterone varies

    Correct Answer
    A. Estrogen and progestin have a fixed ratio throughout menstrual cycle
    Explanation
    Monophasic birth control pills contain a fixed ratio of estrogen and progestin throughout the menstrual cycle. This means that the levels of both hormones remain constant throughout the cycle, providing a consistent hormonal environment. This fixed ratio helps to regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation, thickening the cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining.

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  • 18. 

    A client who is her 30th week of gestation is determined to have postfetal demise.  She asks the nurse why she is being given a prostaglandin gel (PG) suppository at this time.  The best response by the nurse is:

    • “PG suppositories help relieve the pain you will experience when the baby is delivered."

    • “PG suppositories will allow you to relax and decrease your anxiety.”

    • “PG suppositories cause labor to start”

    • “PG suppositories prevent postpartum infections in cases like yours.”

    Correct Answer
    A. “PG suppositories cause labor to start”
  • 19. 

    As a nurse what nursing interventions should you consider?

    • Teach: proper administration

    • Teach: How to monitor menstrual cycle

    • Promote: Smoking cessation

    • Encourage: breast cancer screenings

    • Teach: Signs and symptoms of a blood clot

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Teach: proper administration
    A. Teach: How to monitor menstrual cycle
    A. Promote: Smoking cessation
    A. Encourage: breast cancer screenings
    A. Teach: Signs and symptoms of a blood clot
    Explanation
    As a nurse, it is important to consider various nursing interventions to promote the well-being of patients. In this case, teaching proper administration of medications ensures that patients understand how to take their medications correctly. Teaching patients how to monitor their menstrual cycle helps them understand their reproductive health and identify any abnormalities. Promoting smoking cessation aims to improve patients' overall health by reducing the risks associated with smoking. Encouraging breast cancer screenings emphasizes the importance of early detection and prevention. Teaching patients about the signs and symptoms of a blood clot helps them recognize potential complications and seek timely medical intervention.

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  • 20. 

    These SE of Prostaglandins are present because prostaglandin stimulates GI smooth muscle:

    • Nausea

    • Vomiting

    • Diarrhea

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Nausea
    A. Vomiting
    A. Diarrhea
    Explanation
    Prostaglandins are known to stimulate GI smooth muscle, leading to increased contractions and motility in the gastrointestinal tract. This increased activity can result in various symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms are likely a result of the increased movement and contractions in the GI tract caused by prostaglandin stimulation.

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  • 21. 

    Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors include which of the drugs for sexual dysfunction?

    • Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)

    • Phentolamine (Vasomax)

    • Vardenafil (Levitra)

    • Tadalafil (Cialis)

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
    A. Vardenafil (Levitra)
    A. Tadalafil (Cialis)
    Explanation
    Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors are a class of drugs used to treat sexual dysfunction. The drugs included in this class are sildenafil citrate (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), and tadalafil (Cialis). These drugs work by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase-5, which helps to relax the smooth muscles and increase blood flow to the penis, leading to improved erectile function. Phentolamine (Vasomax) is not a PDE-5 inhibitor and is not used for sexual dysfunction.

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  • 22. 

    Estrogen - Progestin Combination.  What Drugs are Biphasic bc?

    • Ortho-Novum

    • Ortho Tri-cyclen

    • Norinyl

    • Lo/Ovral

    • Loestrin

    Correct Answer
    A. Ortho-Novum
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Ortho-Novum. Ortho-Novum is a biphasic birth control pill that contains a combination of estrogen and progestin hormones. Biphasic birth control pills have two different phases of hormone levels throughout the menstrual cycle. In the first phase, the pill contains a higher dose of estrogen and a lower dose of progestin. In the second phase, the hormone levels are reversed, with a higher dose of progestin and a lower dose of estrogen. This biphasic hormone pattern is designed to mimic the natural fluctuations of hormones in a woman's menstrual cycle.

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  • 23. 

    Ergot Alkaloid drugs include:

    • Ergotrate Maleate

    • Methergine

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ergotrate Maleate
    A. Methergine
    Explanation
    Ergot Alkaloid drugs include Ergotrate Maleate and Methergine. These drugs belong to a class of medications called ergot alkaloids, which are derived from a fungus called ergot. Ergotrate Maleate and Methergine are commonly used to treat conditions such as postpartum hemorrhage and migraine headaches. They work by constricting blood vessels and reducing bleeding. These drugs should be used under medical supervision due to their potential side effects and interactions with other medications.

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  • 24. 

    Estrogen - Progestin Combination.  What is true of Biphasic BC?

    • Estrogen and progesterone varies throughout cycle

    • Is a fixed ratio of estrogen to progestin throughout menstrual cycle

    • Estrogen is fixed throughout and progesterone varies

    Correct Answer
    A. Estrogen is fixed throughout and progesterone varies
    Explanation
    Biphasic birth control (BC) refers to a type of combination hormonal contraceptive that contains a fixed amount of estrogen throughout the menstrual cycle, while the amount of progesterone varies. This means that the estrogen component remains constant, providing a stable level of the hormone, while the progesterone component fluctuates to mimic the natural hormonal changes that occur during a woman's menstrual cycle. This variation in progesterone levels helps to regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent pregnancy.

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  • 25. 

    A postpartum client who has 40 U of oxytocin (Pitocin) in her IV bag after the placenta is delivered continues to hemorrage even after unterine massage.  Her vital signs are pulse 120, BP 90/50, respirations 26.  The nurse anticipates the physician will order which of the following to stop the atony and hemorrhage?

    • Ibuprofen

    • Prostaglandin Gel

    • Ephedrine

    • Methergine

    Correct Answer
    A. Methergine
    Explanation
    Rationale: Methergine is a ergot derivative. Given IV, it will elevate the Bp and work to contract the uterine musculature. A: is an anlagesic not used in delivery room, Prostaglandin is a abortifacient, Ephedrine will elevate the BP but not help the hemorrhage

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  • 26. 

    Leuprolide (Lupron) is used for?

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    • Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    • Contraception

    • Relief of postmenopausal symptoms

    Correct Answer
    A. Treatment of endometriosis
    Explanation
    Leuprolide (Lupron) is used for the treatment of endometriosis. Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus. Leuprolide works by reducing the production of certain hormones in the body, which helps to decrease the symptoms associated with endometriosis such as pelvic pain and menstrual cramps. It is often prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for managing endometriosis.

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  • 27. 

    Conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin) is used for

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    • Contraception

    • Relief of postmenopausal symptoms

    • Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Relief of postmenopausal symptoms
    Explanation
    Conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin) is used for the relief of postmenopausal symptoms. This medication contains a mixture of estrogens derived from the urine of pregnant mares. During menopause, the body's natural estrogen levels decrease, leading to symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. Conjugated equine estrogens can help alleviate these symptoms by replacing the declining estrogen levels. It is important to note that this medication should only be used for the relief of postmenopausal symptoms and not for other purposes such as contraception or cancer prevention.

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  • 28. 

    To help prevent osteoporosis one should take ? mg of calcium daily with vitamin D.

    • 1800

    • 2100

    • 1200

    • 2200

    • 2000

    Correct Answer
    A. 1200
    Explanation
    To help prevent osteoporosis, it is recommended to take 1200 mg of calcium daily with vitamin D. Adequate calcium intake is essential for maintaining strong bones and preventing the loss of bone density that can lead to osteoporosis. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and plays a crucial role in bone health. Together, these nutrients can help reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis and promote overall bone strength.

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  • 29. 

    A pregnancy client who is gravida 3, para 2, is admitted with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension.  Her physician wants to start IV Magnesium Sulfate at 2g/h.  What are the initial side effects the nurse should explain to the client?

    • Hypotension, decreased respirations

    • Hypofelxia and flaccid paralysis

    • Flushing, sweating, irritability

    • Vomiting and Diarrhea

    Correct Answer
    A. Flushing, sweating, irritability
    Explanation
    Rationale: It is common for clients to experience flushes, sweating, and irritability initially with the bolus. Choice A: symptoms of overdose, Choice B: symptoms of overdose, Choice D: Associated with oral use.

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  • 30. 

    A Client who has been in labor for 6 hours is still having irregular and weak contractions.  When oxytocin (Pitocin) is started, the client tells the nurse she is afraid of this medication because when her sister had it, her baby died.  The best response by the nurse would be:

    • “I’m sure you’ll be fine. Your sister’s situation was a lot different from yours.”

    • “You seem to be anxious. Tell me more about your fears.”

    • “Complications are rare, and we are prepared to handle any development.”

    • “This is a very dangerous medication, but we’ll keep a close watch on your condition.”

    Correct Answer
    A. “You seem to be anxious. Tell me more about your fears.”
    Explanation
    Rationale: This is the most therapeutic of the responses; it acknowledges the client’s fears, and the open-ended statement allows her to ventilate her feelings. Answer A would only reinforce her fear, B-not completely true-less therapeutic than C. Answer D is a blank reassurance and does not acknowledge her anxiety

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  • 31. 

    Ovcon 35 is used for?

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    • Relief of postmenopausal symptoms

    • Contraception

    • Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance

    Correct Answer
    A. Contraception
    Explanation
    Ovcon 35 is used as a form of contraception. It is a combination birth control pill that contains both estrogen and progestin hormones. This medication works by preventing ovulation, thickening the cervical mucus to make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg, and thinning the lining of the uterus to make it less receptive to implantation. Therefore, Ovcon 35 is primarily used to prevent pregnancy.

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  • 32. 

    Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) is used for

    • Relief of postmenopausal symptoms

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    • Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance

    • Breast cancer prevention and treatment

    • Contraception

    Correct Answer
    A. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance
    Explanation
    Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) is used for treating dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to hormonal balance. This medication helps regulate the menstrual cycle by balancing hormone levels in the body, which can help reduce heavy or irregular bleeding. It is not used for relief of postmenopausal symptoms, treatment of endometriosis, breast cancer prevention and treatment, or contraception.

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  • 33. 

    Factors that preclude the use of birth control pills include:

    • Pregnancy

    • Thromboembolic disorders (hypercoagulability)

    • Cancer (stimulate tumor growth)

    • Hypertension (increased angiotensin and retention of sodium and water)

    • Women over 30 who smoke (decreased estrogenic effect and increased platelet aggregation)

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Pregnancy
    A. Thromboembolic disorders (hypercoagulability)
    A. Cancer (stimulate tumor growth)
    A. Hypertension (increased angiotensin and retention of sodium and water)
    A. Women over 30 who smoke (decreased estrogenic effect and increased platelet aggregation)
    Explanation
    The factors listed in the answer are all contraindications or reasons why birth control pills should not be used. Pregnancy is an obvious contraindication as birth control pills are not needed if a woman is already pregnant. Thromboembolic disorders, such as hypercoagulability, increase the risk of blood clots, and birth control pills can further increase this risk. Cancer, especially hormone-sensitive tumors, can be stimulated by the estrogen in birth control pills. Hypertension can be worsened by birth control pills, as they can increase angiotensin levels and cause fluid retention. Women over 30 who smoke are at an increased risk of cardiovascular events, and birth control pills can further increase this risk by decreasing estrogenic effects and increasing platelet aggregation.

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  • 34. 

    Androgens are used to treat ?

    • Delayed Puberty

    • Hypogonadism

    • Impotance

    • Palliation treatmenof post menopausal women with inoperable breast concer/ endometriosis

    • Oligiospermia (low sperm volume)

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Delayed Puberty
    A. Hypogonadism
    A. Impotance
    A. Palliation treatmenof post menopausal women with inoperable breast concer/ endometriosis
    A. Oligiospermia (low sperm volume)
    Explanation
    Androgens are used to treat delayed puberty, hypogonadism, impotence, palliation treatment of postmenopausal women with inoperable breast cancer/endometriosis, and oligospermia (low sperm volume).

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  • 35. 

    Oxytocin should not be used

    • By the octo-mom

    • Before 37 weeks

    • Cephalocaudal disproportion

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. By the octo-mom
    A. Before 37 weeks
    A. Cephalocaudal disproportion
  • 36. 

    Testosterone enanthate (Delatestryl) is used for?

    • Breast cancer prevention

    • Treatment for erectile dysfunction

    • Contraindicated for athletic performance enhancement

    • Treatment of endometriosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Contraindicated for athletic performance enhancement
    Explanation
    Testosterone enanthate (Delatestryl) is a form of testosterone that is used for medical purposes, such as hormone replacement therapy in men with low testosterone levels. It is not recommended or approved for use in enhancing athletic performance, as it can have serious side effects and is considered a form of doping.

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  • 37. 

    Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is

    • Associated with increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, CAD, & stroke

    • Is used at lowest dose for less than five years

    • Is a combination of estrogen and progestin

    • Is contraindicated with cancer, thromboembolic events, liver disease, gallbladder disease, pancreatic disease, HTN, and endometriosis

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Associated with increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, CAD, & stroke
    A. Is used at lowest dose for less than five years
    A. Is a combination of estrogen and progestin
    A. Is contraindicated with cancer, thromboembolic events, liver disease, gallbladder disease, pancreatic disease, HTN, and endometriosis
    Explanation
    Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, CAD, and stroke. It is used at the lowest dose for less than five years. HRT is a combination of estrogen and progestin. It is contraindicated in patients with cancer, thromboembolic events, liver disease, gallbladder disease, pancreatic disease, hypertension, and endometriosis.

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  • 38. 

    Ovulation Suppressants (oral contraceptives) are (choose all that apply)

    • More effective in woman who smoke or are older than 35

    • Can be taken while breastfeeding

    • Used for endometriosis

    • Can be taken for hyperlipidemia and if one is diabetic

    • Can be taken for migraine headaches if using estrogen only

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Used for endometriosis
    A. Can be taken for migraine headaches if using estrogen only
    Explanation
    Ovulation suppressants (oral contraceptives) are used for endometriosis because they help to inhibit the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, reducing pain and other symptoms associated with the condition. They can also be taken for migraine headaches if using estrogen only because estrogen can help to regulate the hormones that contribute to migraines. However, they are not necessarily more effective in women who smoke or are older than 35, can be taken while breastfeeding, or used for hyperlipidemia or diabetes.

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  • 39. 

    Severe Side Effects of Progestin.

    • Superficial and DVT

    • Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

    • Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

    • Myocardial infarction (MI)

    • Acceleration of preexisting but non-diagnosed breast tumor

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Superficial and DVT
    A. Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
    A. Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
    A. Myocardial infarction (MI)
    A. Acceleration of preexisting but non-diagnosed breast tumor
    Explanation
    This answer lists the severe side effects of Progestin, which include superficial and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), cerebrovascular accident (stroke), myocardial infarction (MI), and acceleration of preexisting but non-diagnosed breast tumor. These side effects can occur due to the use of Progestin, and it is important to be aware of them when considering its use.

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  • 40. 

    Which uterine motility drugs are Prostaglandins?

    • Dinoprostone (Cervidil)

    • Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate)

    • Misoprostol (Cytotec)

    • Ergotrate Maleate

    • Methergine

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Dinoprostone (Cervidil)
    A. Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate)
    A. Misoprostol (Cytotec)
    Explanation
    Dinoprostone (Cervidil), Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate), and Misoprostol (Cytotec) are all prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are a type of hormone-like substances that are involved in various physiological processes, including uterine motility. These drugs are used to induce labor or to stimulate contractions in the uterus. Ergotrate Maleate and Methergine, on the other hand, are not prostaglandins and have different mechanisms of action.

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  • 41. 

    Tocolytics: Magnesium Sulfate: Primary indication for mag sulfate is treatment of seizures in pre-eclampsia. Causes uterine relaxation through a direct effect on the uterine smooth muscle, Both the frequency and force of contactions are reduced.  Labor is arrested at Mag levels ranging from?

    • 8-7

    • 6-5

    • 9-8

    • 10-9

    Correct Answer
    A. 9-8
    Explanation
    Magnesium sulfate is used as a tocolytic to treat seizures in pre-eclampsia. It works by directly affecting the smooth muscle of the uterus, causing relaxation. This leads to a decrease in both the frequency and force of contractions. Labor is typically arrested at magnesium levels ranging from 9-8.

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  • 42. 

    Estrogen-Progestin Combination.  Which of the following are Monophasic Birth Control?

    • Norinyl

    • Lo/Ovral

    • Orth-Novum

    • Ortho Tri-Cyclen

    • Loestrin

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Norinyl
    A. Lo/Ovral
    A. Loestrin
    Explanation
    Norinyl, Lo/Ovral, and Loestrin are all monophasic birth control pills. Monophasic pills contain a fixed dose of both estrogen and progestin throughout the entire pill pack. This means that each active pill in the pack contains the same amount of hormones. Orth-Novum and Ortho Tri-Cyclen are not monophasic pills. Orth-Novum is a biphasic pill, meaning that the dose of hormones changes once during the pill pack. Ortho Tri-Cyclen is a triphasic pill, meaning that the dose of hormones changes three times during the pill pack.

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  • 43. 

    Ovulation Suppressants - Oral Contraceptives of Estrogen-Progestin Combination suppress pituitary release of FSH and LH which.....

    • Is needed to suppress growth of a follicle in the ovary, inhibiting ovulation.

    • The cervical mucus is thinned by progestin, making it hostile to sperm.

    • Changes the environment of endometrium, making it less favorable for implantation.

    • Is needed to mature a follicle in ovary, inhibiting ovulation.

    • The cervical mucus is thickened by progestin, making it hostile to sperm.

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Changes the environment of endometrium, making it less favorable for implantation.
    A. Is needed to mature a follicle in ovary, inhibiting ovulation.
    A. The cervical mucus is thickened by progestin, making it hostile to sperm.
  • 44. 

    Prostaglandins is used as a uterine motility drug.  It promotes uterine contraction, spontaneous labor, and delivery.  It uses:

    • Termination of pregnancy between 12-20 weeks

    • Termination of pregnancy in the third trimester

    • May be used in a missed abortion of up to 28 weeks gestation

    • Topical ripen the cervix when applied the night before induction

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Termination of pregnancy between 12-20 weeks
    A. May be used in a missed abortion of up to 28 weeks gestation
    A. Topical ripen the cervix when applied the night before induction
    Explanation
    Prostaglandins are used as a uterine motility drug because they promote uterine contraction, spontaneous labor, and delivery. They can be used for termination of pregnancy between 12-20 weeks, as well as in a missed abortion of up to 28 weeks gestation. Additionally, when applied topically the night before induction, prostaglandins can help ripen the cervix.

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  • 45. 

    Oxytocin makes contractions more excessive and strong which coincides with these side effects:

    • Increased blood loss

    • Uterine rupture

    • Pelvic hematoma

    • Fetal harm

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Increased blood loss
    A. Uterine rupture
    A. Pelvic hematoma
    A. Fetal harm
    Explanation
    Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates contractions during labor. The increased blood loss can occur as a result of the stronger and more excessive contractions caused by oxytocin. Uterine rupture is a rare but serious complication where the uterus tears, and this can also be a consequence of the intensified contractions. Pelvic hematoma refers to the accumulation of blood in the pelvic area, which may be caused by the forceful contractions induced by oxytocin. Lastly, the stronger contractions can potentially lead to fetal harm, such as decreased oxygen supply, fetal distress, or even fetal death.

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  • 46. 

    Another form of Progestin only BC is Depo-Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate).  Depo...

    • Side effects include: bloating, decreased libido, hair loss, weight loss, and depression.

    • Is a long term injectable progestin that is injected every 3 mo

    • Can not be injected post-delivery and during breastfeeding

    • Suppresses ovulation & changes pH of vaginal mucosa

    • Can cause irregular menstruation and spotting initially

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Is a long term injectable progestin that is injected every 3 mo
    A. Suppresses ovulation & changes pH of vaginal mucosa
    A. Can cause irregular menstruation and spotting initially
    Explanation
    weight loss is not a side effect of progestin

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  • 47. 

    Uterine Motility Drugs involve three groups: Uterine stimulants, Prostaglandins/Ergot Alkaloids, and Tocolytics (preterm labor).  What is Oxytocin (Pitocin, Syntocinon) used for?

    • Initial induction of labor

    • Induce abortion

    • Promote suppression of letdown of breast milk (nasal spray)

    • Control uterine bleeding

    • Increases the force and frequency of contractions

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Initial induction of labor
    A. Induce abortion
    A. Control uterine bleeding
    A. Increases the force and frequency of contractions
    Explanation
    Oxytocin (Pitocin, Syntocinon) is used for several purposes related to uterine motility. It can be used for the initial induction of labor, to induce abortion, and to control uterine bleeding. Additionally, oxytocin increases the force and frequency of contractions, which can be beneficial in various obstetric and gynecological situations.

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  • 48. 

    Tocolytics : Suppress preterm labor with cervical change and decreases uterine muscle contractions. The following are examples of tocolytics:

    • Beta2 agonists

    • Cholinergics

    • Calcium Channel Blockers

    • Magnesium Sulfate

    • NSAIDS

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Beta2 agonists
    A. Calcium Channel Blockers
    A. Magnesium Sulfate
    A. NSAIDS
    Explanation
    Tocolytics are medications that are used to suppress preterm labor by decreasing uterine muscle contractions and preventing cervical change. Beta2 agonists, Calcium Channel Blockers, Magnesium Sulfate, and NSAIDs are examples of tocolytics. These medications work by different mechanisms to achieve the desired effect of reducing uterine contractions and preventing premature labor.

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  • 49. 

    Choose all of the side effects that are related to progestin.

    • Increased appetite with weight gain

    • Amenorrhea after cessation of use

    • Depression/ Excess hair growth/ decreased breast size

    • Oily skin & scalp / acne

    • Can cause epilepsy

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Increased appetite with weight gain
    A. Amenorrhea after cessation of use
    A. Depression/ Excess hair growth/ decreased breast size
    A. Oily skin & scalp / acne
    Explanation
    Progestin is a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone, which is involved in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. The side effects listed in the answer are all related to the effects of progestin on the body. Increased appetite with weight gain can occur due to hormonal changes. Amenorrhea, or the absence of menstrual periods, can occur after stopping the use of progestin. Depression, excess hair growth, and decreased breast size can be caused by hormonal imbalances. Oily skin, scalp, and acne can also be side effects of progestin use. However, there is no evidence to suggest that progestin can cause epilepsy.

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  • May 20, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 28, 2009
    Quiz Created by
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