Quiz Questions Over Refraction

Refraction occurs when light travels through the boundary of two media that have different indices of refraction. This is because the speed of light changes when it passes from one medium to another with a different refractive index. This change in speed causes the light to bend or change direction, which is known as refraction. When the indices of refraction are different, the light rays are bent towards or away from the normal, depending on the angle of incidence.

From air to glass ( low to high refractive index) light bends towards the normal ( fast to slow)

light bends towards the normal, so angle of refraction is less than angle of icidence

lower index of refraction means higher speed, larger wavelength ( frequency does not change)

The angle of refraction is the angle at which a beam of light bends when it passes from one medium to another. In this case, the beam of light is passing from a thick piece of glass into the air. The correct answer is 2 because it is the angle at which the beam of light is bending as it passes from the glass into the air.

The ray of light will bend away from the normal as it passes from a denser medium (glass) to a less dense medium (air). This bending of light is known as refraction. Among the given options, only ray D shows the correct path of the ray as it bends away from the normal upon exiting the glass into the air.

When light travels from a medium with a higher speed to a medium with a lower speed, it bends towards the normal line at the interface. This phenomenon is known as refraction. Therefore, the correct answer is that the beam of light will refract towards the normal.

more dense, less speed
light passes from medium 1 with low speed, to medium 2 with high speed
bends away from the normal

As temperature increases, the index of refraction of air decreases. This is because as the air molecules gain more thermal energy, they move faster and collide more frequently. These collisions disrupt the regular pattern of the molecules and cause them to scatter light more effectively, resulting in a lower index of refraction. Therefore, the speed of light decreases as it passes through air at higher temperatures.

Based on the given information, the index of refraction of beryl is 1.6 and the index of refraction of quartz is 1.54. The index of refraction measures how much a material bends light when it enters the material. A higher index of refraction indicates a stronger bending of light. Since the index of refraction of beryl is higher than that of quartz (1.6 > 1.54), it means that beryl bends light more than quartz does. Therefore, the statement "beryl bends light more than quartz does" is true.

At the when light enters the glass, the refracted ray bends towards the normal
when this ray now moves out of the glass into air, the refracted ray ( at the second surface) bends away from the normal)

Snell's Law

when light moves from 1 to 2, it is refracted Towards the normal . so medium 2 has a higher RI. when light moves from medium 2 to 3, it is refracted Away from the normal. so medium 3 has a lower RI than medium 2.Compare ray 1 to ray 3. medium 3 should have a lower RI compared to medium 1 to moves away from the normal.

for total internal reflection to occur:
- light must travel form a higher refractive index to lower refractive index
- angle of incidence must be greater than critical angle

light moves from high refractive index to low refractive index ( slow to fast)
light bends AWAY from the normal