Quiz Online Pre-test 2 The Cell

Explanation
The main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is the location of their DNA. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is contained within a membrane-bound nucleus, while in prokaryotic cells, the DNA is located in the cytoplasm, not enclosed within a nucleus.

Explanation
Ribosom adalah organel kecil yang berfungsi sebagai penyusun protein sesuai instruksi dari gen. Ribosom terdapat di sitoplasma sel dan juga terdapat di dalam nukleolus. Ribosom menerima instruksi dari RNA yang dibawa oleh RNA messenger (mRNA) dan menggunakan instruksi tersebut untuk merakit protein dengan menggabungkan asam amino. Oleh karena itu, ribosom merupakan organel yang sangat penting dalam sintesis protein dalam sel.

Explanation
In eukaryotic cells, most of the DNA is located within the nucleus, which is surrounded by a double membrane. This is true because the nucleus is the organelle responsible for storing and protecting the genetic material of the cell.

Explanation
In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is concentrated in a region that is not surrounded by a membrane, which is called the nucleoid. This region contains the genetic material of the cell and is responsible for controlling the cell's activities and reproduction. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, which is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the DNA. The nucleolus is a structure found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and is involved in the production of ribosomes. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles found in eukaryotic cells and are not directly related to the location of DNA in prokaryotes.

Explanation
The given answer is incorrect. The correct answer is "Benar" (True). The explanation for this is that the interior of a prokaryotic cell is indeed called the cytoplasm, and this term is also used for the region located between the nucleolus and the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells.

Explanation
Enzymes in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum play a crucial role in the synthesis of lipids, including oils, phospholipids, and steroids. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and toxins. These enzymes catalyze the reactions involved in lipid synthesis, allowing the cell to produce essential lipids for various cellular functions. Therefore, the statement is correct.

Explanation
After leaving the ER, transport vesicles move towards the Golgi apparatus.

Explanation
Lisosom adalah kantong membran yang berisi enzim hidrolitik yang digunakan oleh hewan untuk menguraikan makromolekul. Enzim-enzim ini membantu dalam proses pencernaan intraseluler dan pemulihan bahan-bahan yang rusak. Lisosom juga berperan dalam pemrosesan limbah seluler dan pengaturan kematian sel.

Explanation
The main component of ECM is glycoprotein secreted by cells.

Explanation
The given statement is correct. It states that there are three main types of intercellular connections in animals: tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. These connections play a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity and communication between cells in various tissues and organs of the body. Tight junctions form a seal between adjacent cells, preventing the leakage of molecules between them. Desmosomes provide mechanical strength and stability to tissues by anchoring cells together. Gap junctions allow for direct communication and exchange of ions and small molecules between cells.

Explanation
The given statement is correct. The cell wall is a component of the extracellular matrix in plant cells that differentiates them from animal cells. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which provides structural support and protection to the cell. In contrast, animal cells do not have a cell wall and rely on other structures like the cytoskeleton for support.

Explanation
In animal cells, microtubules grow from the centrosome, which is often located near the nucleus and is considered as the "microtubule organizing center."

Explanation
Mikrotubula adalah komponen sitoskeleton yang terdiri dari tabung-tipis protein yang disebut tubulin. Mereka memiliki diameter yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan filamen aktin dan filamen intermediat, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa mikrotubula adalah komponen sitoskeleton yang paling tebal.

Explanation
Peroxisom adalah organel di dalam sel yang mengandung enzim dan berperan dalam metabolisme berbagai molekul, termasuk lemak dan asam amino. Salah satu fungsi utama peroksisom adalah menghasilkan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) sebagai by-produk dari reaksi enzimatik. Hidrogen peroksida ini kemudian diuraikan oleh enzim katalase yang ada di dalam peroksisom menjadi air dan oksigen. Oleh karena itu, pernyataan bahwa peroksisom mengandung enzim dan menghasilkan hidrogen peroksida sebagai by-produk adalah benar.

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the outer membrane of the mitochondria is smooth and flat, while the inner membrane has complex folds called cristae. These cristae increase the surface area of the inner membrane, allowing for more space for chemical reactions and the production of ATP, the cell's main source of energy.