Quiz Online 2 Working With Nucleic Acids

2.

Which of the following is NOT basic requirements for isolating nucleic acids?

Opening the cells in the sample to expose the nucleic acids for further processing
Separation of the nucleic acids from other cell components
Recovery of the nucleic acid in purified form
Labelling of nucleic acids

Correct Answer

A. Labelling of nucleic acids

Explanation

Labelling of nucleic acids is not a basic requirement for isolating nucleic acids. The process of isolating nucleic acids involves opening the cells in the sample to expose the nucleic acids, separating the nucleic acids from other cell components, and recovering the nucleic acid in purified form. Labelling of nucleic acids is a separate process that involves attaching a label or tag to the nucleic acids for specific purposes, such as tracking or detection, but it is not necessary for the basic isolation of nucleic acids.

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3.

If a DNA preparation is required, which of the following enzyme can be used to digest the RNA in the preparation?

Ribonuclease (RNase)
Polynucleotide kinase
DNA polymerase I
Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)

Correct Answer

A. Ribonuclease (RNase)

Explanation

Ribonuclease (RNase) is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that specifically digests RNA. In a DNA preparation, if there is unwanted RNA present, RNase can be used to selectively break down the RNA molecules, leaving behind the DNA. This allows for a pure DNA sample to be obtained for further analysis or experiments. Polynucleotide kinase, DNA polymerase I, and deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) are not suitable for digesting RNA in a DNA preparation.

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4.

The concentration of a solution of nucleic acid can be determined by measuring the absorbance at ________.

280 nm, using a spectrophotometer
260 nm, using a spectrophotometer
260 nm, using a DNA sequencers
280 nm, using a DNA sequencers

Correct Answer

A. 260 nm, using a spectrophotometer

Explanation

The concentration of a solution of nucleic acid can be determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm using a spectrophotometer. Nucleic acids have a characteristic absorbance peak at 260 nm due to the presence of aromatic bases. By measuring the absorbance at this wavelength, the concentration of the nucleic acid can be determined. A spectrophotometer is the instrument used to measure the absorbance of a solution at different wavelengths, allowing for the determination of the concentration of the nucleic acid. DNA sequencers are not typically used for measuring the concentration of a nucleic acid solution.

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5.

Which of the following chemical is required for a deproteinisation stage?

Phenol
Ethanol
Methanol
Isopropanol

Correct Answer

A. Phenol

6.

The technique of gradient centrifugation is often used to prepare ____________.

MRNA
TRNA
CDNA
DNA

Correct Answer

A. DNA

7.

The concentration of DNA can be estimated by monitoring the fluorescence of _________ that binds between the DNA bases (intercalates).

Ethidium bromide (EtBr)
Calcium chloride (CaCl2)
Sulphur-35 (35S)
Phosphorus-32 (32P)

Correct Answer

A. Ethidium bromide (EtBr)

8.

In the end labelling technique, the enzyme __________ is used to transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP onto 5’-hydroxyl termini of nucleic acid molecules.

Ribonuclease (RNase)
Polynucleotide kinase
DNA polymerase I
Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)

Correct Answer

A. Polynucleotide kinase

Explanation

Polynucleotide kinase is the correct answer because it is the enzyme that transfers the terminal phosphate group of ATP onto the 5'-hydroxyl termini of nucleic acid molecules. This process is known as end labelling and is commonly used in molecular biology techniques such as DNA sequencing and DNA labeling for hybridization studies.

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9.

Nick translation relies on the ability of the enzyme ______________ to translate (move along the DNA) a nick created in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA double helix

Ribonuclease (RNase)
Polynucleotide kinase
DNA polymerase I
Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)

Correct Answer

A. DNA polymerase I

10.

Precipitation of nucleic acids is an essential technique that is used in a variety of applications. The two most commonly used precipitants are _______________

Phenol and methanol
Phenol and isopropanol
Alcohol and methanol
Isopropanol and ethanol

Correct Answer

A. Isopropanol and ethanol

11.

Separation of charged molecules are separated based on varying rates of migration through a solid matrix when subjected to an electric field.

Affinity chromatography
Spectrophotometer
Automated DNA sequencers
Gel electrophoresis

Correct Answer

A. Gel electrophoresis

12.

There are several variants of the basic DNA sequencing procedure, but the most widely used techniques are based on ___________

Affinity chromatography
Spectrophotometer
The enzymatic method
The chemical method

Correct Answer

A. The enzymatic method

13.

Separation of the DNA fragments created in sequencing reactions is achieved by________

Affinity chromatography
Electrophoresis
PAGE
SAGE

Correct Answer

A. PAGE

14.

When added to a DNA solution in a ratio, by volume, of 2:1 in the presence of 0.2 M salt, ethanol causes the nucleic acids to come out of solution.

TRUE
FALSE

Correct Answer

A. TRUE

Explanation

When ethanol is added to a DNA solution in a ratio of 2:1 by volume, in the presence of 0.2 M salt, it causes the nucleic acids to come out of solution. This is because ethanol disrupts the hydrogen bonding between the DNA molecules, leading to their precipitation. The presence of salt helps to neutralize the negative charges on the DNA molecules, further promoting their aggregation and precipitation. Therefore, the statement "ethanol causes the nucleic acids to come out of solution" is true.

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15.

Nicks may occur naturally or may be caused by a low concentration of the nuclease DNase I in the reaction mixture.

TRUE
FALSE

Correct Answer

A. TRUE

Explanation

The statement suggests that nicks, which are breaks in the DNA strands, can occur naturally or be caused by a low concentration of the nuclease DNase I in the reaction mixture. This means that the presence of nicks in DNA can be a natural occurrence or a result of the reaction conditions, specifically the low concentration of DNase I. Therefore, the correct answer is TRUE.

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16.

DNA polymerase I catalyses a strand-replacement reaction that incorporates new dNTPs into the DNA chain.

TRUE
FALSE

Correct Answer

A. TRUE

Explanation

DNA polymerase I is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in DNA replication. It is responsible for catalyzing the strand-replacement reaction, where it removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA nucleotides. This process is necessary for the synthesis of a continuous DNA strand. Therefore, the statement that DNA polymerase I catalyzes a strand-replacement reaction that incorporates new dNTPs into the DNA chain is true.

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17.

Labelling by primer extension refers to a technique that uses random oligonucleotides to prime synthesis of a DNA strand by DNA polymerase.

TRUE
FALSE

Correct Answer

A. TRUE

Explanation

Labelling by primer extension is a technique where random oligonucleotides are used to initiate the synthesis of a DNA strand by DNA polymerase. This technique is commonly used in molecular biology and genetic research to label DNA fragments for various applications such as DNA sequencing or DNA hybridization studies. Therefore, the given answer "TRUE" is correct as it accurately describes the process of labelling by primer extension.

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18.

Application of radiolabelling is in the production of highly radioactive nucleic acid molecules for use in hybridisation experiments.

TRUE
FALSE

Correct Answer

A. TRUE

Explanation

Radiolabelling is a technique used to attach a radioactive label to a molecule, such as nucleic acids. This allows researchers to track and study the molecule's behavior in experiments. In the case of nucleic acids, radiolabelling is commonly used in hybridization experiments, where the labeled nucleic acids are used to detect and bind with complementary sequences. Therefore, the statement that the application of radiolabelling is in the production of highly radioactive nucleic acid molecules for use in hybridisation experiments is true.

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Quiz Online 2 Working With Nucleic Acids

The biology of gene manipulation requires facilities for the growth, containment, and processing of different types of cells and organisms.

Quiz Preview

Which of the following is NOT basic requirements for isolating nucleic acids?

If a DNA preparation is required, which of the following enzyme can be used to digest the RNA in the preparation?

The concentration of a solution of nucleic acid can be determined by measuring the absorbance at ________.

Which of the following chemical is required for a deproteinisation stage?

The technique of gradient centrifugation is often used to prepare ____________.

The concentration of DNA can be estimated by monitoring the fluorescence of _________ that binds between the DNA bases (intercalates).

In the end labelling technique, the enzyme __________ is used to transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP onto 5’-hydroxyl termini of nucleic acid molecules.

Nick translation relies on the ability of the enzyme ______________ to translate (move along the DNA) a nick created in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA double helix

Precipitation of nucleic acids is an essential technique that is used in a variety of applications. The two most commonly used precipitants are _______________

Separation of charged molecules are separated based on varying rates of migration through a solid matrix when subjected to an electric field.

There are several variants of the basic DNA sequencing procedure, but the most widely used techniques are based on ___________

Separation of the DNA fragments created in sequencing reactions is achieved by________

When added to a DNA solution in a ratio, by volume, of 2:1 in the presence of 0.2 M salt, ethanol causes the nucleic acids to come out of solution.

Nicks may occur naturally or may be caused by a low concentration of the nuclease DNase I in the reaction mixture.

DNA polymerase I catalyses a strand-replacement reaction that incorporates new dNTPs into the DNA chain.

Labelling by primer extension refers to a technique that uses random oligonucleotides to prime synthesis of a DNA strand by DNA polymerase.

Application of radiolabelling is in the production of highly radioactive nucleic acid molecules for use in hybridisation experiments.

Quiz Online 2 Working With Nucleic Acids

The biology of gene manipulation requires facilities for the growth, containment, and processing of different types of cells and organisms.

Quiz Preview

Which of the following is NOT basic requirements for isolating nucleic acids?

If a DNA preparation is required, which of the following enzyme can be used to digest the RNA in the preparation?

The concentration of a solution of nucleic acid can be determined by measuring the absorbance at ________.

Which of the following chemical is required for a deproteinisation stage?

The technique of gradient centrifugation is often used to prepare ____________.

The concentration of DNA can be estimated by monitoring the fluorescence of _________ that binds between the DNA bases (intercalates).

In the end labelling technique, the enzyme __________ is used to transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP onto 5’-hydroxyl termini of nucleic acid molecules.

Nick translation relies on the ability of the enzyme ______________ to translate (move along the DNA) a nick created in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA double helix

Precipitation of nucleic acids is an essential technique that is used in a variety of applications. The two most commonly used precipitants are ­­­­­­­­­­­­­_______________

Separation of charged molecules are separated based on varying rates of migration through a solid matrix when subjected to an electric field.

There are several variants of the basic DNA sequencing procedure, but the most widely used techniques are based on ___________

Separation of the DNA fragments created in sequencing reactions is achieved by________

When added to a DNA solution in a ratio, by volume, of 2:1 in the presence of 0.2 M salt, ethanol causes the nucleic acids to come out of solution.

Nicks may occur naturally or may be caused by a low concentration of the nuclease DNase I in the reaction mixture.

DNA polymerase I catalyses a strand-replacement reaction that incorporates new dNTPs into the DNA chain.

Labelling by primer extension refers to a technique that uses random oligonucleotides to prime synthesis of a DNA strand by DNA polymerase.

Application of radiolabelling is in the production of highly radioactive nucleic acid molecules for use in hybridisation experiments.

Precipitation of nucleic acids is an essential technique that is used in a variety of applications. The two most commonly used precipitants are _______________