A 22 year old woman presents with serous nipple discharge and nipple retraction. There was no inflammation and a subareolar lump was palpated. Microscopically there are branching papillae. What is a key microscopic feature?

double layer of epithelial cells

another layer of myoepithelial cell

_ and _ mimic cancer clinically and produce _

Traumatic fat necrosis and mammary duct ectasia; induration

Quiz On Breast Patholgogy

1.

A 30 year old woman presents with a rubbery movable mass. There was no lymph node metastasis. The tumor is benign. Histology shows stromal cells with ductal epithlial lined spaces. In her care they were pericanalicular and therefore there was compression. What is the etiological factors?
- A.
  
  Increased estrogen
- B.
  
  Increased progesterone
- C.
  
  Increased testosterone
- D.
  
  None of the above
- E.
  
  All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Increased estrogen

Explanation
The correct answer is "increased estrogen" because the histology findings of stromal cells with ductal epithelial lined spaces suggest the presence of a fibroadenoma, which is a benign breast tumor commonly associated with increased estrogen levels. Estrogen stimulates the growth of breast tissue, and an imbalance in estrogen levels can lead to the development of fibroadenomas.

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2.

A 22 year old woman presents with serous nipple discharge and nipple retraction. There was no inflammation and a subareolar lump was palpated. Microscopically there are branching papillae. What is a key microscopic feature?
- A.
  
  Double layer of epithelial cells
- B.
  
  One layer of cuboidal cell
- C.
  
  Another layer of myoepithelial cell
- D.
  
  Only a
- E.
  
  All of the above: a b and c
Correct Answer
E. All of the above: a b and c

Explanation
The key microscopic feature in this case is the presence of all of the above: a double layer of epithelial cells, one layer of cuboidal cells, and another layer of myoepithelial cells. This is consistent with the histological appearance of a papillary lesion, which is often associated with benign intraductal papilloma. The double layer of epithelial cells consists of an inner layer of cuboidal cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells. This combination of features helps to differentiate benign papillary lesions from malignant tumors.

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3.

A patient presents with peau d'orange like breast, she is diagnosed to have a cancer that was originally intraductal carcinoma in situ. Microscopically, there are sheets of large oval cells and little stroma. there is also lymphocytic infiltration. Which of the following has a similar structure?
- A.
  
  Dysderminona of the ovary
- B.
  
  Seminoma of the testes
- C.
  
  A and b
- D.
  
  Colloid carcinoma
- E.
  
  Lobular carcinoma
Correct Answer
C. A and b

Explanation
The correct answer is "a and b" because both dysgerminoma of the ovary and seminoma of the testes have a similar structure to the described breast cancer. They also exhibit sheets of large oval cells and little stroma, along with lymphocytic infiltration. Dysgerminoma is a type of ovarian germ cell tumor, while seminoma is a type of testicular germ cell tumor. Both tumors share similarities in their histological appearance.

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4.

A patient presents with a poorly defined induration of hardening of the breast, without any mass. The carcinoma is derived from lobar insitu carcinoma. In the infiltrating kind, there is an indian file microscopic appearance with a bulls-eye pattern of tumor cells around normal acini and ducts. Which of the following cells are seen in the in-situ carcinoma?
- A.
  
  Oval non cohesive cells
- B.
  
  Large cells
- C.
  
  Hemosiderin laden macrophages
- D.
  
  None of the above
- E.
  
  All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Oval non cohesive cells

Explanation
In-situ carcinoma refers to a type of cancer that is confined to the original site and has not spread to surrounding tissues. In this case, the in-situ carcinoma is derived from lobar in-situ carcinoma, which means it originates from the lobes of the breast. The question asks about the cells seen in the in-situ carcinoma, and the correct answer is "oval non cohesive cells." This suggests that the carcinoma cells in this case are oval-shaped and do not adhere to each other, which is characteristic of in-situ carcinomas. The other options, such as large cells and hemosiderin-laden macrophages, are not associated with in-situ carcinomas.

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5.

Clefts and slits seen microscopically are key features of _

Correct Answer
Phylloides tumor
fibroadenoma
intraductal papilloma

Explanation
Clefts and slits seen microscopically are key features of Phylloides tumor, fibroadenoma, and intraductal papilloma. These structures are characteristic findings in these breast conditions when observed under a microscope.

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6.

A 32 year old female presents with a lumpy bumpy breast. It has a vague nodularity, increases before menses, and no axillary lymph node metastasis. Which of the following is indicative of cancer progression?
- A.
  
  Apocrine metaplasia
- B.
  
  Atypical hyperplasia
- C.
  
  Ductal papillomatosis
- D.
  
  Cribriform pattern
- E.
  
  Epithelial hyperplasia
Correct Answer
B. Atypical hyperplasia

Explanation
Atypical hyperplasia is indicative of cancer progression in this case. Atypical hyperplasia refers to the abnormal growth of cells in the breast tissue, which can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. The patient's presentation of a lumpy bumpy breast, vague nodularity, and cyclical changes before menses suggests a possible benign condition like fibrocystic changes. However, the presence of atypical hyperplasia indicates a higher likelihood of cancer progression and should be further evaluated and monitored closely.

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7.

_ and _ mimic cancer clinically and produce _

Correct Answer
Traumatic fat necrosis and mammary duct ectasia; induration

Explanation
Traumatic fat necrosis and mammary duct ectasia are conditions that can mimic cancer clinically and produce induration. Traumatic fat necrosis refers to the death of fat tissue due to injury or trauma, which can cause a firm lump or mass that may be mistaken for a cancerous tumor. Mammary duct ectasia, on the other hand, is a condition where the milk ducts in the breast become blocked and inflamed, leading to a thickening or hardening of the breast tissue. Both of these conditions can present with symptoms similar to cancer and result in the development of induration, or hardening of the affected area.

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Quiz On Breast Patholgogy

A 30 year old woman presents with a rubbery movable mass. There was no lymph node metastasis. The tumor is benign. Histology shows stromal cells with ductal epithlial lined spaces. In her care they were pericanalicular and therefore there was compression. What is the etiological factors?

A 22 year old woman presents with serous nipple discharge and nipple retraction. There was no inflammation and a subareolar lump was palpated. Microscopically there are branching papillae. What is a key microscopic feature?

A patient presents with peau d'orange like breast, she is diagnosed to have a cancer that was originally intraductal carcinoma in situ. Microscopically, there are sheets of large oval cells and little stroma. there is also lymphocytic infiltration. Which of the following has a similar structure?

Clefts and slits seen microscopically are key features of _

A 32 year old female presents with a lumpy bumpy breast. It has a vague nodularity, increases before menses, and no axillary lymph node metastasis. Which of the following is indicative of cancer progression?

_ and _ mimic cancer clinically and produce _