Trivia Quiz: Can You Pass This Toughest Psychopathology Test?

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1/117 Questions

According to biological theories of abnormality, mental illness is a type of physical disease or a breakdown in some system of the body.
- True
- False

About This Quiz

Can you pass this toughest Psychopathology test? It is designed to see how much you know about the causes of psychiatric and psychosomatic conditions, the different types in existence and what a patient is prescribed to take under the circumstances. Give it a try, and if you fail, to go back to your notes and refresh your memory. Good luck!

Trivia Quiz: Can You Pass This Toughest Psychopathology Test? - Quiz

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2.

Abnormality that involves eating, drinking, and sexual behaviors are the result of dysfunction of the
- Right frontal lobe.
- Cerebrum
- Hypothalamus
Correct Answer

A. Hypothalamus

Explanation

Abnormalities involving eating, drinking, and sexual behaviors are often associated with dysfunction in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating these behaviors by controlling appetite, thirst, and sexual functions. Dysfunction in this area can lead to abnormal patterns of eating, such as overeating or undereating, excessive drinking, and changes in sexual behavior. The cerebrum is responsible for higher cognitive functions, while the right frontal lobe is involved in various functions such as decision-making and personality, but it is not specifically associated with regulating eating, drinking, and sexual behaviors.

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3.

Dennis was recently diagnosed with dementia. According to the DSM-IV, dementia is an Axis ___ Disorder.
- I
- II
- III
- IV
Correct Answer

A. I

Explanation

According to the DSM-IV, dementia is classified as an Axis I Disorder. The DSM-IV is a manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose and classify mental disorders. Axis I disorders include clinical disorders such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and dementia. Therefore, the correct answer is I.

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4.

Jenna and Jermaine both have body dysmorphic disorder. Research indicates that Jenna is most likely to be concerned with her _______, while Jermaine is most likely to be concerned with his _______.
- Ears; nose
- Breasts; small body build
- Thinning hair; excessive body hair
- Upper body; lower body
Correct Answer

A. Breasts; small body build
5.

In dissociative identity disorder, the most common type of alter is a child.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

In dissociative identity disorder, the most common type of alter is a child. This is because the disorder often develops as a coping mechanism in response to childhood trauma. The child alter represents the age at which the trauma occurred and is often more vulnerable and innocent compared to other alters. These child alters may hold memories and emotions related to the traumatic experiences and may surface in order to protect the individual from further harm.

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2
6.

Most of the interactions among the id, ego, and superego occur in the _____.
- Early adulthood years
- Preconscious
- Unconscious
- Conscious
Correct Answer

A. Unconscious

Explanation

The interactions among the id, ego, and superego primarily occur in the unconscious mind. The unconscious mind is a reservoir of thoughts, desires, and memories that are not readily accessible to conscious awareness. It is within the unconscious that the id, ego, and superego engage in dynamic and complex interactions, shaping an individual's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. These interactions are often influenced by unconscious desires, conflicts, and defense mechanisms, which play a significant role in shaping personality and behavior.

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7.

_____ often leads to the onset of symptoms of schizophrenia and contributes to relapse.
- Childbirth
- Stress
- Mixing psychotropic medications
- An episode of hypomania
Correct Answer

A. Stress

Explanation

Stress often leads to the onset of symptoms of schizophrenia and contributes to relapse. Stress can trigger or worsen symptoms of schizophrenia, as it can disrupt the delicate balance of chemicals in the brain and increase the risk of relapse. High levels of stress can also impair coping mechanisms and increase vulnerability to psychological distress, which can further exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, managing stress is crucial in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.

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8.

In class we talked about akathisia, which is a rare but serious side effect associated with antipsychotic drugs, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants. Akathisia is sometimes referred to as
- Restless leg syndrome.
- Catatonic depression.
- Neuropathy.
- Chronic fatigue syndrome.
Correct Answer

A. Restless leg syndrome.

Explanation

Akathisia is a rare but serious side effect associated with certain medications, including antipsychotic drugs, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants. It is characterized by an inner feeling of restlessness and an uncontrollable urge to move. This sensation is often likened to restless leg syndrome, which is a condition characterized by an uncomfortable sensation in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them. Therefore, the correct answer is restless leg syndrome.

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9.

Dr. Zettler has a client about his son’s age. He sometimes thinks of his client as his son, giving him advice and sharing stories with him. Dr. Zettler is engaging in
- Free association.
- Transference.
- Countertransference.
- Self-actualization.
Correct Answer

A. Countertransference.

Explanation

Countertransference refers to the therapist's emotional reactions and personal biases that may arise during therapy sessions with clients. In this case, Dr. Zettler is projecting his own feelings and thoughts onto his client, seeing him as a substitute for his own son. This can impact the therapeutic relationship and hinder the client's progress. Therefore, the correct answer is countertransference.

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1
10.

Sarah’s mother, Stephanie, was not at home much when Sarah was very young, so Sarah’s 12-year old brother took care of her most of the time. Now that Sarah is approaching adulthood, she chain-smokes and drinks alcohol excessively. She has a difficult time forming close relationships since she is very jealous and never believes anyone really loves her. Sarah probably had difficulty in which psychosexual stage of development according to Freudian theory?
- Oral
- Anal
- Phallic
- Latent
Correct Answer

A. Oral

Explanation

According to Freudian theory, the psychosexual stages of development are oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital. Each stage is associated with different areas of pleasure and potential conflicts. The oral stage occurs from birth to around 1 year old, during which the primary source of pleasure is the mouth. If a child experiences difficulties or frustration during this stage, it can lead to fixation or unresolved conflicts. In this case, Sarah's mother not being present during her early years and her brother taking care of her suggests a lack of nurturing and attention during the oral stage, which could explain her excessive smoking and drinking, as well as her difficulty forming close relationships and feelings of insecurity.

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11.

Individuals with somatoform disorders experience significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent organic cause.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Individuals with somatoform disorders experience physical symptoms that cannot be explained by any underlying medical condition. These symptoms are real and cause distress or impairment in daily functioning. While there may not be any organic cause for these symptoms, they are not intentionally produced or feigned. This is why the statement "Individuals with somatoform disorders experience significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent organic cause" is true.

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12.

By 1960, as part of the patients’ rights movement, patients’ rights advocates argued that mental patients can recover more fully or live more satisfying lives if they are integrated into the community, with the support of community-based treatment facilities—a process known as _____.
- Restoration
- The community mental health movement
- Deinstitutionalization
- Recuperation
Correct Answer

A. Deinstitutionalization

Explanation

The correct answer is deinstitutionalization. By 1960, patients' rights advocates believed that mental patients could have better recovery and quality of life if they were integrated into the community. This process, known as deinstitutionalization, involved moving patients out of large, centralized mental institutions and into community-based treatment facilities. This approach aimed to provide patients with more personalized and supportive care in a less restrictive environment.

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13.

Molly has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has lost the ability to feel emotion, her facial expression rarely changes, and she speaks in a monotone voice. These symptoms are called
- Neuroticism
- Avolition.
- Affective flattening
- Alogia.
Correct Answer

A. Affective flattening

Explanation

The symptoms described in the question, such as the inability to feel emotion, lack of facial expression, and speaking in a monotone voice, are characteristic of affective flattening. Affective flattening is a symptom of schizophrenia where individuals have a reduced range and intensity of emotional expression. This can manifest as a lack of emotional responsiveness, limited facial expressions, and a monotone voice. Neuroticism refers to a personality trait characterized by emotional instability, avolition refers to a lack of motivation or initiative, and alogia refers to a reduction in speech output.

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14.

Which of the following is a technique used in psychoanalysis?
- Identifying resistance
- Focusing on strengths rather than deficits
- Identifying irrational thoughts
- Instillation of hope
Correct Answer

A. Identifying resistance

Explanation

In psychoanalysis, the technique of identifying resistance is used. Resistance refers to the unconscious defense mechanisms that a patient may employ to avoid confronting painful or uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, or memories. By identifying resistance, the therapist can gain insight into the underlying issues that the patient is trying to avoid and work towards resolving them. This technique helps in understanding the patient's unconscious conflicts and facilitating the therapeutic process.

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15.

Ricara believes she is pregnant but physical examination and laboratory tests show negative results. Ricara has __________.
- Retrograde amnesia
- Psuedocyesis
- Dissociative fugue
- Psuedoexpectancy
Correct Answer

A. Psuedocyesis

Explanation

Ricara believes she is pregnant despite the physical examination and laboratory tests showing negative results. This condition is known as pseudocyesis, which is a psychological disorder where a person experiences all the signs and symptoms of pregnancy, including a swollen abdomen and missed periods, but there is no actual pregnancy. It is believed to be caused by a combination of psychological and hormonal factors.

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16.

An altruistic suicide is committed by people who believe that taking their own life will benefit society in some way.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Altruistic suicide refers to a type of suicide committed by individuals who believe that their own death will bring about some form of benefit or improvement to society. These individuals may sacrifice themselves for the greater good or to fulfill societal expectations. This type of suicide is often seen in cultures or societies where self-sacrifice is highly valued and individuals prioritize the needs of the community over their own. Therefore, the given statement that altruistic suicide is committed by people who believe that taking their own life will benefit society is true.

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2
17.

Which of the following is an example of a biological therapy?
- Medication
- Psychoanalysis
- Classical conditioning
- Systematic desensitization
Correct Answer

A. Medication

Explanation

Medication is considered a biological therapy because it involves the use of chemicals or drugs to treat or manage physical or mental health conditions. Biological therapies target biological processes in the body, such as neurotransmitter imbalances or immune system dysfunction, to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. Medications can be prescribed for a wide range of conditions, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and diabetes. They can work by altering brain chemistry, regulating hormones, boosting immune responses, or targeting specific disease-causing agents. Therefore, medication is an example of a biological therapy.

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1
18.

After breaking up with her boyfriend, Lin tells herself, “It’s all my fault. I just care more about people than they care about me.” Lin’s statements are an example of
- Causal attributions
- Displacement
- Transference
- Catharsis
Correct Answer

A. Causal attributions

Explanation

Lin's statements are an example of causal attributions. She is attributing the cause of her breakup to herself, believing that it is her fault because she cares more about people than they care about her. This is a way of explaining the cause of the breakup by looking at her own behavior and traits, rather than external factors. Causal attributions involve assigning reasons or causes to events or outcomes, and in this case, Lin is attributing the cause of the breakup to her own actions and feelings.

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19.

The majority of individuals—over 90 percent—diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder have a history of
- Malingering.
- Schizophrenia.
- Adolescent-onset conduct disorder.
- Childhood sexual abuse.
Correct Answer

A. Childhood sexual abuse.

Explanation

Individuals diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder often have a history of childhood sexual abuse. This traumatic experience can lead to the development of dissociative symptoms as a coping mechanism. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct identities or personality states that control a person's behavior. The trauma of childhood sexual abuse can result in the fragmentation of a person's identity, leading to the development of different identities or alters. This explanation aligns with the high prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among individuals diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder.

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20.

The cognitive variable that most consistently predicts suicide is
- Hopelessness
- Lack of insight into one’s problems
- Sensitivity to criticism
- Irrational beliefs
Correct Answer

A. Hopelessness

Explanation

Hopelessness is the cognitive variable that most consistently predicts suicide. When individuals feel a deep sense of hopelessness, they may believe that their situation is permanent and that there is no way out. This feeling of despair can lead to a heightened risk of suicide as individuals may see suicide as the only solution to escape their pain and suffering. Therefore, hopelessness plays a crucial role in understanding and predicting suicidal behavior.

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21.

_____ reliability is a measurement of how consistent the results of a test are over time
- Alternate form
- Internal
- Interrater
- Test-retest
Correct Answer

A. Test-retest

Explanation

Test-retest reliability is a measurement of how consistent the results of a test are over time. This type of reliability assesses whether the same test administered to the same group of individuals at two different points in time yields similar results. By comparing the scores obtained from the first administration of the test with the scores obtained from the second administration, researchers can determine the extent to which the test produces consistent results over time. Test-retest reliability is particularly important in assessing the stability and consistency of a measurement instrument or tool.

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22.

Genesis has an average IQ of 105. However, she exhibits significant deficits in reading and written expression. The school psychologist reports that although her cognitive ability falls within the average range, her achievement in these areas is much lower than expected—72 in reading and 80 in written expression. Genesis most likely has
- A learning disability
- Mild mental retardation.
- ADHD-inattentive type.
- A pervasive developmental disorder.
Correct Answer

A. A learning disability

Explanation

The given information states that Genesis has an average IQ of 105 but exhibits significant deficits in reading and written expression, with achievement scores of 72 and 80 respectively. This suggests that her cognitive ability falls within the average range, but her performance in these specific areas is much lower than expected. This pattern of having average intelligence but struggling with specific academic skills is indicative of a learning disability. Therefore, the most likely explanation for Genesis's situation is that she has a learning disability.

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23.

One criticism of family systems theory is that it focuses more on individual family members than on the family unit.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Family systems theory actually focuses more on the family unit rather than individual family members. It emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of family members, viewing the family as a whole system that operates together. This approach recognizes that the behavior and dynamics of one family member can impact and influence the entire family unit. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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24.

In humanistic therapy, the therapist’s goal is to help clients discover their greatest potential through self-exploration.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

In humanistic therapy, the therapist aims to assist clients in uncovering their full potential by encouraging self-exploration. This approach emphasizes personal growth, self-awareness, and self-acceptance. The therapist provides a supportive and non-judgmental environment where clients can gain insight into their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. By facilitating self-discovery, humanistic therapy helps individuals develop a deeper understanding of themselves and their capabilities, ultimately leading to personal growth and fulfillment. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately reflects the goals of humanistic therapy.

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25.

A maladaptive upbringing and chronic stress are examples of _____.
- A diathesis
- A biological trigger.
- Axis II disorders.
- Catharsis.
Correct Answer

A. A diathesis

Explanation

A diathesis refers to a predisposition or vulnerability to develop a certain condition or disorder. In this case, a maladaptive upbringing and chronic stress can be seen as contributing factors that increase the likelihood of developing a psychological disorder or mental health issue. These experiences can create a foundation for the development of maladaptive coping mechanisms and patterns of thinking, which can ultimately lead to the manifestation of various disorders. Therefore, a diathesis is an appropriate term to describe the relationship between a maladaptive upbringing, chronic stress, and the development of psychological disorders.

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26.

Paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder fall under Cluster ____________.
- A: Odd-eccentric
- B: Dramatic-emotional
- C: Anxious-fearful
- D: Catatonic-disorganized
Correct Answer

A. A: Odd-eccentric

Explanation

Paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder are all characterized by odd and eccentric behavior. People with these disorders often have difficulty forming and maintaining relationships, exhibit unusual beliefs or perceptions, and may appear socially isolated or detached. These disorders are grouped together under Cluster A, which is the odd-eccentric cluster of personality disorders.

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27.

As discussed in class, most suicides occur
- During summer months.
- In middle adulthood.
- Immediately after a hospitalization for a suicide attempt.
- By accident.
Correct Answer

A. Immediately after a hospitalization for a suicide attempt.

Explanation

The correct answer is immediately after a hospitalization for a suicide attempt. This is because individuals who have recently been hospitalized for a suicide attempt may still be at a high risk for self-harm. The period following a hospitalization is a vulnerable time for individuals, as they may still be dealing with the underlying issues that led to the suicide attempt in the first place. Therefore, it is important for healthcare professionals to provide appropriate support and follow-up care during this critical time.

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28.

Petra has hypochondriasis. She recently developed a mild cough and immediately worried that her cough was a symptom of lung cancer. After a series of medical tests, the doctor has confirmed that Petra does not have cancer or any other lung ailment. Based on what you know about this disorder—Upon hearing this news, Petra is likely to
- Feel relieved, as the doctor has determined that nothing is wrong.
- Fake new symptoms in order to get attention.
- Look to psychotherapy to better understand why she always feels sick.
- Feel no relief, believing that the doctor has missed something.
Correct Answer

A. Feel no relief, believing that the doctor has missed something.

Explanation

People with hypochondriasis have a persistent fear of having a serious medical condition, despite medical reassurance. Even when medical tests confirm that there is no underlying illness, individuals with hypochondriasis often continue to believe that something has been missed or that the doctor is wrong. Therefore, Petra is likely to feel no relief and continue to believe that the doctor has missed something, despite the confirmation that she does not have cancer or any other lung ailment.

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1
29.

In the Hailey family, the children, aunts and uncles, and grandparents are overly involved with one another. People routinely assert their opinion about discipline, religious beliefs, and family conflict, even when not asked. Family members are often angry with one another, although they have a difficult time staying away even after a big fight. Everyone feels controlled and resentful. The Hailey’s are a(n) _________ family.
- Inflexible
- Emeshed
- Disengaged
- Pathological/triangular
Correct Answer

A. Emeshed

Explanation

The Hailey family can be described as "enmeshed" because they are overly involved with one another and have difficulty staying away even after a big fight. They assert their opinions about various matters, even when not asked, and everyone feels controlled and resentful. This suggests that boundaries within the family are blurred and there is a lack of individual autonomy.

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30.

Maria is expected in court tomorrow on her third drunk driving arrest. Due to her previous criminal history, Maria is facing a year in jail and will likely be convicted. She pretends to be ill and goes to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pains, headache, and fainting spells. Which somatoform disorder is being described?
- Psychosomatic disorder
- Malingering
- Factitious disorder
- Hypochondriasis
Correct Answer

A. Malingering

Explanation

The correct answer is malingering. Malingering refers to the intentional feigning or exaggeration of physical or psychological symptoms for personal gain, such as avoiding legal consequences. In this case, Maria is pretending to be ill in order to potentially avoid going to jail for her drunk driving arrest.

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31.

According to research on risk factors, which individual is most at-risk for a suicide attempt?
- Quinn, who is described by friends as quiet and introverted
- Darrius, who has a history of panic attacks
- DeAnn, who is 23 and recently moved 9 hours away from her parents to attend graduate school
- Laura, who is described by her husband as gullible, naïve, and trusting
Correct Answer

A. Darrius, who has a history of panic attacks

Explanation

Darrius, who has a history of panic attacks, is most at-risk for a suicide attempt. Research has shown that individuals with a history of mental health conditions, such as panic attacks, are more susceptible to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Panic attacks can cause extreme distress and feelings of hopelessness, which can increase the risk of suicidal ideation. It is important to provide support and resources to individuals like Darrius to help prevent suicide attempts.

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32.

Classical conditioning can be used to understand how some phobias develop.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Classical conditioning is a psychological concept that explains how certain behaviors and responses can be learned through associations. Phobias, which are intense and irrational fears, can also be developed through classical conditioning. For example, if someone has a traumatic experience with a spider, they may associate spiders with fear and develop a phobia. This shows that classical conditioning can be used to understand the development of phobias. Therefore, the statement "Classical conditioning can be used to understand how some phobias develop" is true.

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33.

When a patient experiences catharsis, it means that the person has
- Lost sensation in the upper extremities.
- Become anxious and wishes to withdraw.
- Experienced a release of emotions.
- Found a new meaning in life.
Correct Answer

A. Experienced a release of emotions.

Explanation

When a person experiences catharsis, it refers to the release of strong emotions or pent-up feelings. This release can occur through various means such as crying, laughing, or expressing oneself creatively. Catharsis is often seen as a therapeutic process that helps individuals to let go of emotional burdens, gain a sense of relief, and achieve emotional healing. Therefore, the correct answer is "experienced a release of emotions."

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34.

Obsessions can be defined as
- Persistent fear reactions, out of proportion to actual danger.
- Magical thinking.
- Repetitive behavior or mental acts.
- Recurrent, persistent thoughts, impulses, or images.
Correct Answer

A. Recurrent, persistent thoughts, impulses, or images.

Explanation

Obsessions are defined as recurrent, persistent thoughts, impulses, or images. This means that individuals with obsessions experience intrusive and unwanted thoughts, urges, or mental images that are difficult to control or get rid of. These thoughts or images can cause significant distress and anxiety to the person, and they often try to neutralize or suppress them through repetitive behaviors or mental acts. Obsessions are not simply fear reactions or magical thinking, but rather specific types of thoughts or impulses that persistently recur in an individual's mind.

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35.

The most important strategy for Rational Emotive Therapy is
- Unconditional positive regard
- Objective reflection.
- Homework.
- Role playing.
Correct Answer

A. Homework.

Explanation

Rational Emotive Therapy is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on identifying and challenging irrational beliefs and replacing them with rational ones. Homework is an important strategy in this therapy as it allows the client to practice and reinforce the skills learned in therapy sessions. It provides an opportunity for self-reflection, self-monitoring, and application of new coping strategies in real-life situations. Homework assignments can include activities such as journaling, thought records, and behavioral experiments, which help the client to actively engage in the therapeutic process and promote lasting change.

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36.

Brian and Suzanne are about to become first-time parents. They are both in their early 20s and have virtually no experience with babies or young children. Which type of group would you recommend for Brian and Suzanne?
- Psychoeducational
- Psychotherapy
- Self-help
- Counseling/interpersonal problem solving
Correct Answer

A. Psychoeducational

Explanation

Given that Brian and Suzanne are first-time parents with no experience with babies or young children, a psychoeducational group would be recommended for them. This type of group focuses on providing education and information about parenting, child development, and effective parenting strategies. It would help Brian and Suzanne gain the necessary knowledge and skills to navigate the challenges of raising a child. Psychotherapy, self-help, and counseling/interpersonal problem solving groups may not be as suitable for their specific needs as they primarily focus on addressing emotional or psychological issues rather than providing practical parenting guidance.

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37.

Phobias often develop through classical conditioning.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Phobias often develop through classical conditioning because individuals may associate a traumatic or fear-inducing event with a specific object, situation, or stimulus. This association creates a conditioned response, where the person experiences fear or anxiety whenever they encounter that particular trigger. Over time, this learned fear response becomes ingrained and can lead to the development of a phobia. Classical conditioning plays a significant role in the formation and maintenance of phobias.

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38.

Munchhausen’s syndrome is a type of factitious disorder.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Munchhausen's syndrome is indeed a type of factitious disorder. Factitious disorders involve individuals intentionally producing or exaggerating physical or psychological symptoms in order to assume the role of a sick person. Munchhausen's syndrome specifically refers to the chronic fabrication of symptoms, medical histories, and even self-inflicted injuries to gain attention and sympathy from healthcare professionals. This behavior is not driven by any external incentives, such as financial gain, but rather by the desire for attention and the satisfaction derived from assuming the sick role.

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39.

_____ is the study of the impact of reinforcements and punishments on behavior.
- Behaviorism
- Cognition
- Psychoanalysis
- Observational learning
Correct Answer

A. Behaviorism

Explanation

Behaviorism is the study of the impact of reinforcements and punishments on behavior. It focuses on observable behaviors and how they are influenced by external stimuli. Behaviorists believe that behavior can be learned and modified through conditioning, where positive reinforcements increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, and punishments decrease the likelihood. Behaviorism rejects the study of internal mental processes and instead emphasizes the importance of studying behavior in a scientific and objective manner.

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40.

The _______ approach is based on the assumption that humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life.
- Behaviorist
- Psychoanalytic
- Family systems
- Humanistic
Correct Answer

A. Humanistic

Explanation

The humanistic approach is based on the assumption that humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life. This approach focuses on the individual's potential for growth, self-actualization, and personal fulfillment. It emphasizes the importance of self-awareness, self-acceptance, and personal choice in shaping one's behavior and experiences. This approach believes in the inherent value and worth of every individual and seeks to promote their well-being and personal development.

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41.

Children with _______ are often described as “brilliant.” They may walk and talk earlier than agemates and often use big words, even at a very young age.
- Autism
- Rett syndrome
- Pervasive developmental disorders
- Asperger syndrome
Correct Answer

A. Asperger syndrome

Explanation

Children with Asperger syndrome are often described as "brilliant." They may exhibit advanced developmental milestones such as walking and talking earlier than their peers. They also tend to have an extensive vocabulary and may use big words, even at a very young age.

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42.

Val works at a mental health center. When a client is referred for services, Val gathers information about the symptoms and the possible causes of these symptoms. Val is _________.
- Conducting an assessment
- Making a diagnosis
- Implementing a treatment
- Engaging in countertransference.
Correct Answer

A. Conducting an assessment

Explanation

Val is conducting an assessment because they are gathering information about the client's symptoms and possible causes. This implies that Val is in the process of evaluating the client's mental health condition and determining the appropriate course of action. Making a diagnosis and implementing treatment would come after the assessment, while engaging in countertransference is unrelated to the given scenario.

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43.

You are conducting psychoanalysis with your client. Which technique will you use during therapy?
- Unconditional positive regard
- Free association
- Negative reinforcement
- Intermittent reflection
Correct Answer

A. Free association

Explanation

During psychoanalysis therapy, the technique of free association is used. This technique involves the client freely expressing their thoughts, feelings, and memories without any censorship or judgment. The therapist encourages the client to speak whatever comes to their mind, allowing unconscious thoughts and emotions to surface. This method helps the therapist gain insight into the client's unconscious mind and underlying issues, facilitating the therapeutic process. Unconditional positive regard, negative reinforcement, and intermittent reflection are not specific techniques used in psychoanalysis therapy.

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44.

One proposed etiology about separation anxiety is that children may have a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders. Specifically, children with separation anxiety disorder often have parents with ______ disorder.
- Bipolar
- Panic
- Dysthymic
- Factitious
Correct Answer

A. Panic

Explanation

One proposed explanation for the link between separation anxiety disorder in children and parents with panic disorder is that there may be a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders. This means that children with separation anxiety disorder may inherit a tendency to develop anxiety disorders from their parents, specifically panic disorder in this case. Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, which may contribute to the development of separation anxiety in children.

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45.

Research on anxiety disorders indicates that the most frequent obsession is dirt/contamination.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Research on anxiety disorders has shown that the most common obsession among individuals with anxiety disorders is dirt or contamination. This means that people with anxiety disorders often have an excessive fear of germs, dirt, or being contaminated. This finding is supported by numerous studies and is consistent with the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which often involves obsessions and compulsions related to cleanliness and contamination. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately reflects the research findings in this area.

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46.

Positive therapy is designed to fix personal weaknesses.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Positive therapy is not designed to fix personal weaknesses. Instead, it focuses on enhancing strengths and promoting positive emotions, behaviors, and thoughts. It aims to cultivate resilience, self-esteem, and overall well-being. This approach emphasizes the importance of building on existing strengths and assets, rather than solely focusing on weaknesses or deficits.

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47.

_____ are questionnaires meant to assess people’s typical ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
- Intelligence tests
- Symptom questionnaires
- Projective tests
- Personality inventories
Correct Answer

A. Personality inventories

Explanation

Personality inventories are questionnaires designed to evaluate individuals' usual patterns of thinking, emotions, and behaviors. These tests aim to assess various aspects of an individual's personality, such as their traits, preferences, and tendencies. Unlike intelligence tests, which measure cognitive abilities, and symptom questionnaires, which focus on specific mental health symptoms, personality inventories provide a comprehensive understanding of an individual's personality traits and characteristics. Projective tests, on the other hand, involve ambiguous stimuli to reveal unconscious thoughts and feelings. Therefore, the correct answer is personality inventories.

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48.

According to the Big 5 Personality Traits, an individual who scores high in _______ may be described as a dreamer, unrealistic, imaginative, self-aware, eccentric, and creative.
- Openness
- Agreeableness.
- Conscientiousness.
- Introversion
Correct Answer

A. Openness

Explanation

An individual who scores high in openness may be described as a dreamer, unrealistic, imaginative, self-aware, eccentric, and creative. This is because openness refers to the extent to which a person is open to new experiences, ideas, and perspectives. People who score high in openness tend to have a vivid imagination, think outside the box, and engage in unconventional or innovative thinking. They are often curious, open-minded, and willing to explore new ideas and possibilities. Their self-awareness and willingness to embrace eccentricity or unconventional behavior contribute to their creativity and imaginative nature.

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49.

Patty believes that her nose is too big, and that others notice the disfigurement of her nose. Her anxiety has perpetuated to the point that she refuses to leave her house. Patty is most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____ disorder.
- Generalized anxiety
- Factitious
- Malingering
- Body dysmorphic
Correct Answer

A. Body dysmorphic

Explanation

Patty's belief that her nose is too big and that others notice it suggests that she may be experiencing body dysmorphic disorder. This disorder is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, often leading to significant distress and impairment in daily functioning. Patty's refusal to leave her house due to anxiety further supports the idea that her symptoms align with body dysmorphic disorder.

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