Psych 135 UCLA Social Psych Shapiro Ch. 1/2

One in which every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of inclusion

Simply documents that rate or level of behavior

A study in which we observe two behaviors simultaneously to see if they correlate

Tendency to see ourselves as more favorable then we might actually be (IE biased to see ourselves as above average)

Tendency to believe you "knew it all along"

Tendency to believe we should be different every time, repeating doesn't seem random

Tendency to believe we are in control when we are not (IE heads and tails flipping

The experimental factor that a researcher manipulated

The variable being measures

The only way to determine causality, the only way to rule out the directionality problem and the third variable problem

We manipulate one or two independent variables while trying to hold everything else constant

The process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given conditions

One that systematically changes along with the independent variable, potentially leading to a mistake conclusion about the effect of an independent variable

When subjects drop out of a multi-session study over time

One that depends on self-selection: who chooses to participate in your study

They are indirect and less involving, scientists aren't interested in what you say you will do... they're interested in what you actually do!

Social desirability - you have an idea of what you are supposed to say

Sometimes we are simply wrong - we don't know of have insight into our own behaviors

All the above

A rule or expectation for appropriate social behavior

The beliefs, customs, habits, and language shared by the people living in a particular time and place

Theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in influences from larger social groups

A theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in the physical and psychological predispositions that helped our ancestors survive and reproduce

The process by which characteristics that help animals survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring

A characteristic that is well designed for survival and reproduction in a particular environment

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on past learning experiences as determinants of a person's social behaviors

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on the mental processes involved in paying attention to, interpreting, and remembering social experiences

Procedure for measuring or recording behaviors, thoughts, and feelings in their natural state (including naturalistic observations, case studies, archival studies, surveys, and psych tests)

Recording everyday behaviors as they unfold in their natural settings

The extent to which the findings of a particular research study extend to other similar circumstances or cases

Error introduced into measurement when an observer overemphasizes behaviors he or she expects to find and fails to notice behaviors he or she does not expect

A group of respondents having characteristics that match those of the larger population the researcher wants to describe

The extent to which an experiment allows confident statements about cause and effect

The extent to which the results of an experiment can be generalized to other circumstances

Cue that makes participants aware of how the experimenter expects them to behave

The manipulation of independent variables using unknowing variables using unknowing participants in natural settings

Features or characteristics that individuals carry into social situations

Behavior plus person

Environmental events or circumstances outside the person

Drives us toward desires outcomes

A desired outcome

The self-control strength used to overcome counterproductive impulses to achieve difficult goals

A mental representation capturing our views and beliefs about ourselves. The answers to the question "who am ?"

A mental representation of a specific episode, event, or individual

A mental representation capturing the general characteristics of a particular class of episodes, events or individuals

Reflected appraisal process

Looking in the mirror

Social comparison

Loving ourselves

The process of comparing ourselves with those who are less well of

The process of comparing ourselves with those who are better off than ourselves

Come to know ourselves by comparing abilities, attitudes, and beliefs with those of others

The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward or other extrinsic factors

Stepping outside or ourselves, or the process through which people observe their own behavior to infer their own internal characteristics such as traits, abilities and attitudes

Current psychological state and thoughts

A set of norms that defines how people in a given social position out to behave

The process of activating knowledge or goals, of making them ready for use

Favorable or unfavorable evaluations of a particular person, object, event or idea

Relatively intense feelings characterized by physiological arousal and complex cognitions

Relatively long-lasting feelings that are diffuse and not directed toward particular targets

An opportunity or threat provided by a situation

The process though which we try to control the impressions people for of us

The process through which people select, monitor and adjust their strategies in an attempt to reach their goals