DNA: The Genetic Material Trivia Quiz
Do you know what is a nucleotide? What is the transcription of DNA and RNA? What is the structure of DNA like? Take our online quiz to test yourself and learn trivia as you play.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What are the characteristics of rough pneumococci strain?
- A.
Non-capsulated and pathogenic
- B.
Non-capsulated and non-pathogenic
- C.
Capsulated and pathogenic
- D.
Capsulated and non-pathogenic
Correct Answer
B. Non-capsulated and non-pathogenicExplanation
Rough pneumococci strains are characterized by being non-capsulated and non-pathogenic. This means that they do not have a protective capsule surrounding them and they do not cause disease or infection.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In Griffith’s experiment which of the following strains of pneumococci was isolated from dead mice?
- A.
Living rough cells
- B.
Dead rough cells
- C.
Living smooth cells
- D.
Dead smooth cells
Correct Answer
C. Living smooth cellsExplanation
In Griffith's experiment, living smooth cells of pneumococci were isolated from dead mice. This suggests that the transformation of the rough strain into the smooth strain occurred, as the smooth strain was able to cause disease and kill the mice. The rough strain alone did not cause disease, indicating that the transformation of the rough strain was responsible for the lethal effects.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following things was identified as the transforming principle in Griffith experiment?
- A.
DNA
- B.
RNA
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Carbohydrates
Correct Answer
A. DNAExplanation
The transforming principle in Griffith's experiment was identified as DNA. In his experiment, Griffith observed that when he injected a mixture of heat-killed disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria into mice, the mice died. This showed that something in the heat-killed bacteria was able to transform the harmless bacteria into disease-causing ones. Later research by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty confirmed that the transforming principle was DNA. This discovery played a crucial role in establishing DNA as the genetic material and paved the way for further understanding of genetics.Rate this question:
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- 4.
When DNA replication starts, .......
- A.
The phosphodiester bonds between the adjacent nucleotides break.
- B.
The bonds between the nitrogen base and deoxyribose sugar break.
- C.
The leading strand produces short fragments.
- D.
The hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of two strand break.
Correct Answer
D. The hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of two strand break.Explanation
When DNA replication starts, the hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of the two strands break. This is necessary for the separation of the DNA strands and allows for the replication process to occur. Breaking the hydrogen bonds allows the DNA helix to unwind and exposes the nucleotides on each strand, which serve as templates for the synthesis of new complementary strands. The breaking of the hydrogen bonds is a crucial step in DNA replication as it enables the formation of new DNA strands through the pairing of nucleotides.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The elongation of the produced strand during DNA replication .......
- A.
Progresses away from the replication fork.
- B.
Is done in the 3′ to 5′ direction
- C.
Produces short fragments.
- D.
Depends on the action of DNA polymerase.
Correct Answer
D. Depends on the action of DNA polymerase.Explanation
During DNA replication, the elongation of the produced strand depends on the action of DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand in a complementary manner to the template strand. It catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotides, allowing for the continuous elongation of the new DNA strand. Therefore, the correct answer is that the elongation of the produced strand depends on the action of DNA polymerase.Rate this question:
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- 6.
During DNA replication ....
- A.
The lagging strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication.
- B.
The leading strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication.
- C.
The DNA ligase unwinds the DNA double helix.
- D.
The complementary strand (in the 5'-3' order) for the DNA segment AGC will be GCA.
Correct Answer
A. The lagging strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication.Explanation
The lagging strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication because it is synthesized discontinuously in short fragments called Okazaki fragments. These fragments are then joined together by DNA ligase to form a continuous strand. This process requires the lagging strand to undergo a slight delay in order to allow for the synthesis and joining of these fragments.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Hershey and Chase experiment confirms that ......
- A.
DNA is always formed from DNA in semiconservative manner.
- B.
DNA is the genetic material and not protein.
- C.
Radioactive Phosphorus was only found in surrounding.
- D.
DNA and Protein both enter in bacterial cell progeny.
Correct Answer
B. DNA is the genetic material and not protein.Explanation
The Hershey and Chase experiment involved the use of bacteriophages to confirm that DNA is the genetic material and not protein. In the experiment, the bacteriophages were labeled with either radioactive sulfur (which labels proteins) or radioactive phosphorus (which labels DNA). After infecting the bacteria, it was found that only the radioactive phosphorus was transferred to the bacterial cell progeny, indicating that DNA is the genetic material responsible for inheritance. This experiment provided strong evidence to support the idea that DNA carries the genetic information, not proteins.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following has the self-repairing mechanisms?
- A.
DNA and RNA
- B.
DNA, RNA and protein
- C.
Only DNA
- D.
DNA and proteins
Correct Answer
C. Only DNAExplanation
DNA has the self-repairing mechanism because it contains enzymes called DNA repair enzymes that can detect and correct errors in the DNA sequence. These enzymes can identify and remove damaged or incorrect nucleotides and replace them with the correct ones, ensuring the integrity of the DNA molecule. RNA and proteins do not have this self-repairing capability.Rate this question:
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- 9.
How did Rosalind Franklin take pictures of the shape of DNA?
- A.
X-Ray diffraction
- B.
X-Ray microscopy Scanning
- C.
Electron Microscope
- D.
Electromagnetic radiation
Correct Answer
A. X-Ray diffractionExplanation
Rosalind Franklin used X-Ray diffraction to take pictures of the shape of DNA. X-Ray diffraction is a technique that involves directing X-rays at a crystal and analyzing the pattern of the diffracted X-rays to determine the structure of the crystal. By using this technique, Franklin was able to capture images of the DNA molecule and provide crucial insights into its helical structure.Rate this question:
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- 10.
How did Rosalind Franklin's photo of DNA affect the work of Watson and Crick?
- A.
It was used to determine the physical structure of DNA
- B.
It was used to identify the four bases that make up DNA
- C.
It was used to determine the theory of independent assortment
- D.
It was used to show DNA was the molecule of inheritance
Correct Answer
A. It was used to determine the physical structure of DNAExplanation
Rosalind Franklin's photo of DNA, known as Photo 51, played a crucial role in determining the physical structure of DNA. This photo provided key insights into the helical nature of DNA and the arrangement of its components. Watson and Crick used this information to develop their double helix model of DNA, which revolutionized our understanding of genetics and molecular biology.Rate this question:
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- 11.
When a DNA molecule is described as replicating bidirectionally, that means that it has two ......
- A.
Molecules.
- B.
Independently replicating segment.
- C.
Origins.
- D.
Replication forks.
Correct Answer
D. Replication forks.Explanation
When a DNA molecule is described as replicating bidirectionally, it means that the replication process occurs in two opposite directions from a central point. This results in the formation of two replication forks, which are the points where the DNA strands separate and new nucleotides are added to each strand. The replication forks move in opposite directions along the DNA molecule, allowing for the simultaneous synthesis of both strands.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A nucleotide of DNA may contain ________.
- A.
Ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
- B.
Deoxyribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
- C.
Deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
- D.
Ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
Correct Answer
C. Deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group -
- 13.
In double helix of DNA, the two DNA strands are .......
- A.
Coiled around each other
- B.
Coiled around a common axis
- C.
Coiled with different width
- D.
Coiled over protein sheath
Correct Answer
B. Coiled around a common axisExplanation
The correct answer is "Coiled around a common axis". In the double helix structure of DNA, the two DNA strands are twisted around each other in a helical shape. This coiling occurs around a common axis, with the two strands running in opposite directions. This arrangement allows for the complementary base pairing between the strands, where adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine, forming the genetic code. The coiling around a common axis also helps to stabilize the DNA structure and protect the genetic information it carries.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A segment of DNA has 120 adenine and 120 cytosine bases. The total number of nucleotides present in the segment is .....
- A.
120
- B.
240
- C.
360
- D.
480
Correct Answer
D. 480Explanation
The total number of nucleotides present in a DNA segment can be calculated by adding the number of adenine (A) bases and the number of cytosine (C) bases together. In this case, there are 120 adenine bases and 120 cytosine bases, so the total number of nucleotides is 120 + 120 = 240.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar at the …....
- A.
1' carbon
- B.
2' carbon
- C.
3' carbon
- D.
5' carbon
Correct Answer
A. 1' carbonExplanation
Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar at the 1' carbon. This is because the carbon atoms in the sugar molecule are numbered, with the 1' carbon being the carbon atom closest to the nitrogenous base. The attachment of the nitrogenous base to the 1' carbon is important for the formation of the phosphodiester bond that links nucleotides together in a DNA or RNA strand.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A nucleotide has ……….
- A.
Three phosphoric acid molecules
- B.
Two sugar molecules + phosphoric acid
- C.
One pentose sugar
- D.
Two phosphoric acid + nitrogenous base
Correct Answer
C. One pentose sugarExplanation
A nucleotide is composed of three main components: a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group. The sugar molecule in a nucleotide is a pentose sugar, which is a type of sugar with five carbon atoms. Therefore, the correct answer is "One pentose sugar."Rate this question:
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- 17.
Each half turn of DNA molecule contains _______ nitrogenous bases.
- A.
5
- B.
10
- C.
20
- D.
25
Correct Answer
B. 10Explanation
Each half turn of a DNA molecule contains 10 nitrogenous bases. The DNA molecule consists of two strands that are twisted together in a double helix structure. Each strand is made up of a sequence of nitrogenous bases, which are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases pair up with each other, with A always bonding with T and C always bonding with G. In each half turn of the DNA molecule, there are 10 pairs of nitrogenous bases, resulting in a total of 10 bases.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How many turns does a molecule of DNA consist of 2000 base pairs have?
- A.
20
- B.
100
- C.
200
- D.
400
Correct Answer
C. 200Explanation
A molecule of DNA consists of two strands that are twisted around each other in a double helix structure. Each turn of the helix contains approximately 10 base pairs. Therefore, a molecule of DNA with 2000 base pairs would have 200 turns, since 2000 divided by 10 is equal to 200.Rate this question:
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- 19.
For a DNA molecule, which is not true?
- A.
A + G = C + T
- B.
A / T = G / C
- C.
(A +T) / (G + C) = 1
- D.
(A + G) / (C + T) =1
Correct Answer
C. (A +T) / (G + C) = 1Explanation
The statement (A + T) / (G + C) = 1 is not true for a DNA molecule. The correct ratio for the base pairs in DNA is A + T = G + C, not (A + T) / (G + C) = 1.Rate this question:
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- 20.
DNA is composed of repeating units of ………
- A.
Ribonucleosides
- B.
Ribonucleotides
- C.
Deoxyribonucleosides
- D.
Deoxyribonucleotides.
Correct Answer
D. Deoxyribonucleotides.Explanation
DNA is composed of repeating units called nucleotides. These nucleotides consist of a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Therefore, the correct answer is deoxyribonucleotides, as they contain the deoxyribose sugar molecule that is characteristic of DNA. Ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides contain ribose sugar and are components of RNA, not DNA.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following nucleotide sequences contains 4 different types of bases?
- A.
GATGAATGT
- B.
GCCAGAUAA
- C.
UAGAGGUAA
- D.
TCAACTTACA
Correct Answer
B. GCCAGAUAAExplanation
The nucleotide sequence "GCCAGAUAA" contains 4 different types of bases because it includes the nucleotides G, C, A, and U. The other sequences do not contain all 4 types of bases.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following is true about the linkage between two adjacent nucleotides?
- A.
5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
- B.
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
- C.
5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
- D.
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
Correct Answer
A. 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.Explanation
The correct answer is that the 5'-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3'-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide. This is known as a phosphodiester bond and it forms the backbone of DNA and RNA molecules. The phosphate group of one nucleotide is covalently bonded to the hydroxyl group of the sugar of the adjacent nucleotide, creating a strong and stable linkage between the nucleotides. This linkage allows for the formation of a linear chain of nucleotides, which is essential for the structure and function of DNA and RNA.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In the transcription of RNA from DNA, which of the following statements is true?
- A.
The template strand DNA is identical to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
- B.
The template strand DNA is complementary to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
- C.
The template strand DNA is identical to the sequence of the complementary strand DNA.
- D.
The template strand DNA runs parallel to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
Correct Answer
B. The template strand DNA is complementary to the sequence of the RNA transcript.Explanation
The correct answer is that the template strand DNA is complementary to the sequence of the RNA transcript. This means that the RNA transcript is formed by pairing complementary nucleotides to the template strand of DNA. The RNA transcript will have a sequence that is complementary to the template strand, but it will not be identical to it.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the complementary DNA strand that is created from this template during replication? 3’ T A C C G A T T G C A 5’
- A.
5’TAGGCATTGCA 3’
- B.
5’TGCAATGCCTA 3’
- C.
5’AUGGCUAACGU 3’
- D.
5’ATGGCTAACGT 3’
Correct Answer
D. 5’ATGGCTAACGT 3’Explanation
The complementary DNA strand is created by pairing each nucleotide with its complementary base. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Therefore, the complementary DNA strand for the given template sequence is 5’ATGGCTAACGT 3’.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which association between complementary bases would require the most energy to break?
- A.
A:U
- B.
A:T
- C.
G:C
- D.
All require the same energy
Correct Answer
C. G:CExplanation
The association between complementary bases G:C would require the most energy to break because it is connected by three hydrogen bonds, whereas A:T and A:U are connected by only two hydrogen bonds. The additional hydrogen bond in G:C makes it stronger and more stable, hence requiring more energy to break the bond.Rate this question:
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- 26.
In a sample of double-stranded DNA, 20% of the nitrogenous bases are guanine (G). What is the percentage of the nitrogenous bases adenine (A) in the sample?
- A.
40%
- B.
30%
- C.
60%
- D.
20%
Correct Answer
B. 30%Explanation
In a double-stranded DNA, the percentage of guanine (G) is 20%. Since DNA consists of two strands, the percentage of cytosine (C) would also be 20% as it pairs with guanine. This means that the total percentage of guanine and cytosine combined is 40%. As DNA follows the base pairing rule, the percentage of adenine (A) would be equal to the percentage of thymine (T). Therefore, the percentage of adenine would also be 40%. However, since the question specifically asks for the percentage of adenine (A) alone, we need to divide the 40% by 2, resulting in 20%. Therefore, the correct answer is 30%.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Where is DNA NOT found?
- A.
In red blood cells
- B.
In viruses
- C.
In bacteria
- D.
In brain cells
Correct Answer
A. In red blood cellsExplanation
Red blood cells do not contain a nucleus, which means they do not contain DNA. Unlike other cells in the body, red blood cells lose their nucleus during development in order to make space for more hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen. Therefore, DNA is not found in red blood cells.Rate this question:
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- 28.
One of the following statements describing the similarities between ribose and deoxyribose, is not correct …..
- A.
Both are pentoses
- B.
Both enter in the structure of nucleotides
- C.
Both are monosaccharide
- D.
Both have an OH group attached to C2’
Correct Answer
D. Both have an OH group attached to C2’Explanation
Both ribose and deoxyribose are pentoses, meaning they both have five carbon atoms. They also both enter into the structure of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. Additionally, they are both monosaccharides, which means they are simple sugars composed of a single sugar unit. However, the statement that both ribose and deoxyribose have an OH group attached to C2' is incorrect. Deoxyribose lacks the OH group at the C2' position, which is replaced by a hydrogen atom.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A molecule of DNA consists of 300 base pair. If the number of thymine base is 150. What is the number of the triple hydrogen bonds found in the molecule?
- A.
300
- B.
150
- C.
600
- D.
100
Correct Answer
B. 150Explanation
The number of triple hydrogen bonds in a DNA molecule is equal to the number of adenine-thymine base pairs. Since the number of thymine bases is given as 150, it means that there are 150 adenine bases in the molecule as well. Therefore, the number of triple hydrogen bonds in the molecule is also 150.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A molecule of DNA consists of 200 base pair. What is the number of the free phosphate groups found in the molecule?
- A.
200
- B.
400
- C.
10
- D.
2
Correct Answer
D. 2Explanation
A molecule of DNA consists of two strands, each made up of a long chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous base. Therefore, for a molecule of DNA with 200 base pairs, there would be 200 phosphate groups. However, since each phosphate group is shared between two nucleotides, there would be half as many free phosphate groups. Therefore, the number of free phosphate groups found in the molecule would be 2.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In the DNA molecule, the width of the A=T is always …….. ring/(s)
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
Correct Answer
C. 3Explanation
The width of the A=T ring in the DNA molecule is always 3.Rate this question:
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- 32.
In the figure below, if A is a phosphate group, B is a ribose sugar and C is a nitrogenous base, then D have to be …..
- A.
C - H
- B.
C - C
- C.
C – OH
- D.
C = H
Correct Answer
D. C = HExplanation
In a DNA molecule, the phosphate group (A) is attached to the ribose sugar (B) and the nitrogenous base (C). The ribose sugar has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to it. Since the question asks for the identity of D, it can be deduced that D refers to the hydrogen atom (H) attached to the carbon atom (C) in the ribose sugar. Therefore, the correct answer is C = H.Rate this question:
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- 33.
If you know that the percentage of (A) in one strand of a DNA molecule is 10% and that of (T) on the same strand is 20%. What is the percentage (C) in the double helix molecule?
- A.
10%
- B.
40%
- C.
35%
- D.
70%
Correct Answer
C. 35%Explanation
The percentage of (A) and (T) in a DNA molecule always add up to 100%. Since the percentage of (A) is 10% and the percentage of (T) is 20%, the remaining percentage must be allocated to (C) and (G). Therefore, the percentage of (C) in the double helix molecule is 35%.Rate this question:
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- 34.
True replication of DNA is possible due to ……….
- A.
Hydrogen bonding
- B.
Phosphate-sugar backbone
- C.
Complementary base pairing rule
- D.
Presence of DNA repair
Correct Answer
C. Complementary base pairing ruleExplanation
True replication of DNA is possible due to the complementary base pairing rule. This rule states that adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C). This allows for the accurate and precise replication of DNA during cell division. Each strand of the double helix acts as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, ensuring that the genetic information is faithfully passed on to the next generation of cells.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What is the correct mode of DNA replication?
- A.
Conservative
- B.
Semi-conservative
- C.
Each strand is a patchwork of original and new DNA
- D.
Dispersive
Correct Answer
B. Semi-conservativeExplanation
In DNA replication, the correct mode is semi-conservative. This means that during replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. This was proven by the Meselson-Stahl experiment, where they labeled the parental DNA with a heavy isotope and the newly synthesized DNA with a light isotope. After multiple rounds of replication, the DNA was analyzed and it was found that the DNA molecules were a mix of heavy and light isotopes, supporting the semi-conservative mode of replication.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What is the reaction in DNA replication catalyzed by DNA ligase?
- A.
Formation of a covalent bond between the 3’-OH of one DNA fragment and the 5’-phosphate of the next fragment
- B.
Addition of new nucleotides to the leading strand
- C.
Addition of new nucleotide to the lagging strand
- D.
Base pairing of the template and the newly formed DNA strand
Correct Answer
A. Formation of a covalent bond between the 3’-OH of one DNA fragment and the 5’-phosphate of the next fragmentExplanation
DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of a covalent bond between the 3'-OH of one DNA fragment and the 5'-phosphate of the next fragment. This process is crucial in DNA replication as it joins the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand and seals any nicks or gaps in the DNA backbone. By forming this bond, DNA ligase helps to ensure the integrity and continuity of the newly synthesized DNA strand.Rate this question:
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- 37.
What does the following mathematical equation mean? A/T = G/C =1
- A.
A = G and T = C
- B.
A + T = T + G
- C.
(A + C) / (G + T) = 1
- D.
(A +G) / (C +T) = 0
Correct Answer
C. (A + C) / (G + T) = 1Explanation
The equation (A + C) / (G + T) = 1 means that the sum of the occurrences of adenine (A) and cytosine (C) in a DNA molecule is equal to the sum of the occurrences of guanine (G) and thymine (T). This equation is based on Chargaff's rules, which state that in DNA, the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine. Therefore, the ratio of (A + C) to (G + T) is always equal to 1.Rate this question:
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- 38.
For the following figure to be the building unit of DNA and not of RNA, The structure ……. Should be …….
- A.
A / Phosphate group
- B.
B / Ribose sugar
- C.
C / Adenine
- D.
C / Thymine
Correct Answer
D. C / ThymineExplanation
The structure that should be present in the building unit of DNA and not RNA is Thymine. Thymine is one of the four nucleotide bases found in DNA, while RNA contains Uracil instead of Thymine. Therefore, the presence of Thymine indicates that the structure is specific to DNA and not RNA.Rate this question:
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- 39.
In the following figure, write the sequence of the structural letters with respect to each of the following: leading strand / cannot work from 3`end toward 5`end / lagging strand / joins the short pieces of DNA.
- A.
A / B / C / D
- B.
C / B / D / A
- C.
D / B / C / A
- D.
C / A / D / B
Correct Answer
B. C / B / D / AExplanation
The correct answer is C / B / D / A. In DNA replication, the leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, so the structural letter C represents the leading strand. The lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, which are later joined together. Therefore, the structural letter B represents the lagging strand. The short pieces of DNA on the lagging strand are joined by an enzyme called DNA ligase, so the structural letter D represents the joining of the short pieces. Finally, the structural letter A represents the inability to work from the 3' end toward the 5' end, which is a characteristic of DNA replication.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Some Mice were killed in Griffith’s experiment after injection with ….
- A.
Nonliving S-type
- B.
Living R-type
- C.
Living S-type + nonliving R-type
- D.
Living R-type + nonliving S-type
Correct Answer
D. Living R-type + nonliving S-typeExplanation
In Griffith's experiment, some mice were killed after injection with a combination of living R-type bacteria and nonliving S-type bacteria. This suggests that the living R-type bacteria were able to transform the nonliving S-type bacteria into a deadly form. This transformation is known as bacterial transformation and was a key discovery in understanding how genetic material can be transferred between bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The ratio between the amount of DNA in the uterine cells and that in the kidney cells is ….
- A.
2 : 1
- B.
1 : 1
- C.
3 : 1
- D.
1 : 2
Correct Answer
B. 1 : 1Explanation
The ratio between the amount of DNA in the uterine cells and that in the kidney cells is 1 : 1. This means that both types of cells have the same amount of DNA.Rate this question:
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- 42.
During DNA replication, a separation occurs between …..
- A.
Cytosine and guanine
- B.
Uracil and thymine
- C.
Sugar and phosphate
- D.
Adenine and cytosine
Correct Answer
A. Cytosine and guanineExplanation
During DNA replication, a separation occurs between cytosine and guanine. This is because during replication, the DNA double helix unwinds and the two strands separate. Cytosine and guanine are complementary base pairs, meaning they always pair together. Therefore, during replication, the cytosine on one strand will pair with guanine on the other strand, and vice versa. This separation allows for the synthesis of new DNA strands using the separated strands as templates.Rate this question:
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- 43.
……. was the first to isolate the material that was capable of inducing genetic transformation in the non-virulent bacteria.
- A.
Chase
- B.
Avery
- C.
Griffith
- D.
Franklin
Correct Answer
B. AveryExplanation
Avery was the first to isolate the material that was capable of inducing genetic transformation in the non-virulent bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The enzyme deoxyribonuclease hydrolyses ……… completely.
- A.
Proteins and RNA
- B.
Proteins
- C.
RNA
- D.
DNA
Correct Answer
D. DNAExplanation
The correct answer is DNA because deoxyribonuclease is an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes DNA. It breaks down the DNA molecule into smaller fragments by breaking the phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotides. This enzyme does not hydrolyze proteins, RNA, or any other molecule besides DNA. Therefore, the correct answer is DNA.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The nitrogenous base of the nucleotide is linked to the sugar molecule at its carbon atom number ……
- A.
1’
- B.
3’
- C.
4’
- D.
5’
Correct Answer
A. 1’Explanation
The nitrogenous base of the nucleotide is linked to the sugar molecule at its carbon atom number 1. This is because carbon atom number 1 in the sugar molecule is attached to the nitrogenous base, forming a covalent bond. This bond is important for stabilizing the structure of the nucleotide and allowing it to participate in the formation of DNA and RNA molecules.Rate this question:
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- 46.
…… is a pyrimidine base that makes a triple hydrogen bond.
- A.
Adenine
- B.
Guanine
- C.
Cytosine
- D.
Thymine
Correct Answer
C. CytosineExplanation
Cytosine is a pyrimidine base that forms a triple hydrogen bond. Adenine and guanine are purine bases, while thymine is also a pyrimidine base but it forms only a double hydrogen bond. Therefore, the correct answer is cytosine.Rate this question:
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- 47.
The enzyme ……… adds a new nucleotide in the direction of 5`to 3` of the strand which is synthesizing.
- A.
DNA helicase
- B.
DNA polymerase
- C.
Reverse transcriptase
- D.
DNA ligase
Correct Answer
B. DNA polymeraseExplanation
DNA polymerase is the correct answer because it is the enzyme responsible for adding new nucleotides during DNA synthesis. It adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning it adds them to the growing strand in the same direction as the replication fork is moving. DNA helicase unwinds the DNA strands, reverse transcriptase synthesizes DNA from an RNA template, and DNA ligase joins together Okazaki fragments during DNA replication.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following is untrue for a DNA molecule?
- A.
A +G / C + T = 1
- B.
A + G = C + T
- C.
G + C = A + T
- D.
G = C
Correct Answer
C. G + C = A + TExplanation
The equation A + G / C + T = 1 represents the fact that the sum of the adenine (A) and guanine (G) nucleotides is equal to the sum of the cytosine (C) and thymine (T) nucleotides in a DNA molecule. The equation A + G = C + T indicates that the total number of adenine and guanine nucleotides is equal to the total number of cytosine and thymine nucleotides. The equation G = C states that the number of guanine nucleotides is equal to the number of cytosine nucleotides. Therefore, the only statement that is untrue for a DNA molecule is G + C = A + T.Rate this question:
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- 49.
How many nucleotides are there in a DNA strand that comprises 150 nitrogenous bases?
- A.
450
- B.
300
- C.
150
- D.
75
Correct Answer
C. 150Explanation
The number of nucleotides in a DNA strand is equal to the number of nitrogenous bases. Since the question states that the DNA strand comprises 150 nitrogenous bases, the correct answer is 150.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which of the following DNA segments is complement to the segment 5’-G-T-C-3?’
- A.
5’-T-A-G-3’
- B.
3’-C-A-G-5’
- C.
5’-C-A-G-3’
- D.
3’-T-A-G-5’
Correct Answer
C. 5’-C-A-G-3’Explanation
The complementary strand of DNA is formed by pairing the nucleotides in a specific way. Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C). Therefore, the complementary strand to 5'-G-T-C-3' would be 5'-C-A-G-3'.Rate this question:
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Feb 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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