Chapter 14: DNA: The Genetic Material

40 Questions | By Aggiegal8 | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 2344

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Chapter 14: DNA: The Genetic Material - Quiz

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1.

DNA consists of two antiparallel strands of nucleotide chains held together by
- A.
  
  Peptide bonds.
- B.
  
  Polar covalent bonds.
- C.
  
  Ionic bonds.
- D.
  
  Hydrogen bonds.
- E.
  
  Complementary base pairing bonds.
2.

The method of DNA replication, where each original strand is used as a template to build a new strand, is called the
- A.
  
  Conservative method.
- B.
  
  Semiconservative method.
- C.
  
  Disruptive method.
- D.
  
  Continuous method.
- E.
  
  Replication and amplification method.
3.

The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA molecules is called
- A.
  
  DNA ligase.
- B.
  
  DNA polymerase.
- C.
  
  DNA gyrase.
- D.
  
  DNA helicase.
- E.
  
  DNA endonuclease.
4.

Griffith worked with
- A.
  
  Bacteriophage.
- B.
  
  Drosophila.
- C.
  
  Frog eggs.
- D.
  
  Streptococcus.
5.

When nonvirulent bacteria were mixed with dead virulent bacteria, Griffith unexpectedly found that the injected mice died. He explained this behavior by suggesting the nonvirulent strain of bacteria as being
- A.
  
  Activated.
- B.
  
  Transformed.
- C.
  
  Translated.
- D.
  
  Transcribed.
- E.
  
  Expressed.
6.

Avery and his coworkers showed the "transforming principle" as
- A.
  
  Protein.
- B.
  
  Polysaccharide.
- C.
  
  DNA.
- D.
  
  RNA.
- E.
  
  Lipid.
7.

Which of the following statements about the Hershey-Chase experiment is false?
- A.
  
  DNA was labeled with radioactive phosphorus.
- B.
  
  Protein was labeled with radioactive sulfur.
- C.
  
  The virus-infected bacteria showed radioactive phosphorus.
- D.
  
  The virus-infected bacteria contained radioactive sulfur.
8.

Hershey-Chase concluded from their experiment with T2 bacteriophage that
- A.
  
  Proteins are the genetic material.
- B.
  
  Polysaccharide coat contains the genetic material.
- C.
  
  DNA is the genetic material.
- D.
  
  Viruses are needed for DNA to function.
- E.
  
  DNA contains sulfur.
9.

A bacteriophage typically attaches to the bacterium and then
- A.
  
  Converts the bacteria into immortal cells.
- B.
  
  Injects its nucleic acid into it, and then the ghost virus stays outside.
- C.
  
  Falls off every time.
- D.
  
  Viral protein is injected and the viral DNA stays outside.
- E.
  
  It becomes inactive.
10.

DNA primase
- A.
  
  Creates a short RNA primer complementary to the RNA template.
- B.
  
  Creates a short DNA primer complementary to the RNA template.
- C.
  
  Creates a short DNA primer complementary to the DNA template.
- D.
  
  Creates a short template of an RNA primer that is complementary to the DNA primer.
- E.
  
  Creates a short RNA primer complementary to the DNA template.
11.

An enzyme unwind DNA helical structure is
- A.
  
  DNA polymerase.
- B.
  
  DNA ligase.
- C.
  
  Helicase.
- D.
  
  DNA endonuclease.
- E.
  
  DNA exonuclease.
12.

Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids?
- A.
  
  Organic nitrogen bases
- B.
  
  Sugar
- C.
  
  Phosphate
- D.
  
  Protein
13.

The reading of the bases along the length of a nucleic acid molecule for either transcription or translation is done from the
- A.
  
  1' end.
- B.
  
  2' end.
- C.
  
  3' end.
- D.
  
  4' end.
- E.
  
  5' end.
14.

The chemical bond connecting one nucleotide with the next one along the nucleic acid chain is called a
- A.
  
  C = C bond.
- B.
  
  Hydrogen bond.
- C.
  
  Hydrophobic bond.
- D.
  
  Phosphodiester bond.
- E.
  
  Peptide bond.
15.

Chargaff's rules for the pairing of nitrogen bases is
- A.
  
  A = C and G = T.
- B.
  
  A pairs with T and G pairs with C.
- C.
  
  A pairs with G and C pairs with T.
- D.
  
  A pairs with C and G pairs with T.
- E.
  
  T = C and G = A.
16.

Information obtained by Franklin from X-ray crystallography on DNA suggested that it is a
- A.
  
  Helix.
- B.
  
  Ribbon.
- C.
  
  Hollow cylinder.
- D.
  
  Pleated sheet.
- E.
  
  Icosahedron.
17.

The chemical bonds that stabilize the complimentary nitrogen bases into a double helix are
- A.
  
  Nitrogen bonds.
- B.
  
  Hydrogen bonds.
- C.
  
  Hydrophobic bonds.
- D.
  
  Peptide bonds.
- E.
  
  Phosphodiester bonds.
18.

The two strands in the DNA molecule contain nitrogen bases which are
- A.
  
  Identical.
- B.
  
  Parallel.
- C.
  
  Complementary.
- D.
  
  The same in all species.
- E.
  
  Exact copies of the protein they make.
19.

Replication of DNA is
- A.
  
  Conservative.
- B.
  
  Redundant.
- C.
  
  Dispersive.
- D.
  
  Semiconservative.
- E.
  
  Semidispersive.
20.

DNA polymerase requires a(n)
- A.
  
  Amino acid primer.
- B.
  
  Lipid primer.
- C.
  
  Hydrophilic primer.
- D.
  
  DNA primer.
- E.
  
  RNA primer.
21.

The lagging strand is replicated with stretches of Okazaki fragments and that is why its synthesis is considered to be
- A.
  
  Discontinuous.
- B.
  
  Continuous.
- C.
  
  Primed.
- D.
  
  Never stopping.
- E.
  
  Semiconservative.
22.

Replication always proceeds by adding new bases to the
- A.
  
  1' end.
- B.
  
  2' end.
- C.
  
  3' end.
- D.
  
  4' end.
- E.
  
  5' end.
23.

Which of the following statements about replication of DNA is false?
- A.
  
  The two strands are separated.
- B.
  
  Each strand is used as a template for making a new duplex.
- C.
  
  The synthesis on each strand is in the opposite direction.
- D.
  
  The newly synthesized DNA is packaged into one nucleus, and the old DNA is packaged into another nucleus.
24.

The double helix model was proposed by
- A.
  
  Watson and Crick.
- B.
  
  Griffith.
- C.
  
  Avery.
- D.
  
  Franklin.
- E.
  
  Beadle and Tatum.
25.

Griffith, a British microbiologist, used a bacteria and mice to demonstrate transformation. His results clearly offered evidence for that process. Transformation is
- A.
  
  The ability for bacterial homologous chromosomes to transform themselves into an exact copy, sometimes referred to as DNA replication.
- B.
  
  The ability of the nucleus of a cell to regenerate and repair itself when damaged by bacterial infections.
- C.
  
  The ability of the infected mice to transform the bacteria from pathogenic to non-pathogenic during the experiments.
- D.
  
  The ability to transfer genetic materials from one cell to another.
- E.
  
  The ability for the nucleus of a bacterial cell to bypass the process of DNA replication by transforming into a spore during unsuitable environmental conditions.